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- Dabrosin, Charlotta
(författare)
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Effects of sex steroids on normal human breast : studies in vivo using microdialysis and in vitro in cell culture
- 1998
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Prolonged exposure to sex steroids may constitute a risk factor for the development of breast cancer. The biological mechanisms involved in breast carcinogenesis are not well understood.Basic knowledge of sex steroid effects on the normal human breast is still limited, one reason being the lack of an available in vivo technique for investigations of breast tissue metabolism.In this study, the microdialysis technique was developed and evaluated as a method for measurements of tissue-specific concentrations of amino acids, lactate, pyruvate and glutathione in normal human breast tissue during the menstrual cycle. The technique was successfully applied to breast tissue and it was observed that the concentrations of several amino acids as well as glutathione changed during the menstrual cycle. Oxidative damage to cells is one of the mechanisms which may be involved in the development of breast cancer. Normal aerobic metabolism generates potentially dangerous oxidants which are controlled by a variety of antioxidant systems. The exact regulatory mechanisms of these systems are not yet fully understood. We studied the effects of estradiol and progesterone on antioxidative activity in normal human breast tissue, in vivo with the microdialysis technique, and in vitro using normal human breast epithelial cells in culture. The in vivo levels of the antioxidant glutathione were measured early and late in the menstrual cycle in breast tissue and subcutaneous fat. The glutathione levels were higher late in the menstrual cycle in both tissues, when the serum levels of estradiol and progesterone were high. In vitro, breast epithelium exposed to estradiol and progesterone exhibited decreased activity of the antioxidative enzymes catalase and glutathione reductase, whereas the activity of glutathione peroxidase tended to increase compared with cells grown in medium without added sex hormones. The vulnerability to oxidative stress, induced by hydrogen peroxide, increased in cells grown with estradiol and progesterone present in the media. α-Tocopherol, and α-tocopherol in combination with ascorbic acid, but not ascorbic acid alone, protected from cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide. This effect was not dependent on estradiol and progesterone exposure.In conclusion, the data suggest an effect of estradiol and progesterone on antioxidative activity in normal human breast tissue both in vivo and in vitro.Microdialysis will be a useful tool in future research of these and other aspects concerning human breast tissue.
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- Kirilovas, Dmitrijus, et al.
(författare)
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Conversion of circulating estrone sulfate to 17β-estradiol by ovarian tumor tissue : A possible mechanism behind elevated circulating concentrations of 17β-estradiol in postmenopausal women with ovarian tumors
- 2007
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Ingår i: Gynecological Endocrinology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0951-3590 .- 1473-0766. ; 23:1, s. 25-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Elevated serum levels of 17beta-estradiol (E2) are frequently found in postmenopausal women with ovarian tumors not classified as estrogen-producing. Conversion of circulating estrone sulfate (E1S) to E2 is one alternative way of E2 formation in target tissues in postmenopausal women. Our aim was to find out if conversion of circulating E1S to E2 by the tumor tissue could be a reason for elevated serum E2 levels in postmenopausal women with 'non-estrogen-producing' ovarian tumors. METHOD: Serum E2 was measured in 12 postmenopausal women with 'non-estrogen-producing' ovarian tumors (nine benign, three malignant). Total hydrolysis of and [3H]E2 formation from [3H]E1S by the tumor tissue homogenates was studied in vitro. RESULTS: Serum E2 showed significant positive correlations with total hydrolysis of and [3H]E2 formation from [3H]E1S in the total material as well as in the benign tumor subgroup. [3H]E2 formation was the most important independent variable. CONCLUSION: Conversion of circulating E1S to E2 by the tumor tissue could be one important reason for elevated S-E2 levels in postmenopausal women with 'non-estrogen-producing' ovarian tumors.
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- Kristiansson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Back pain during pregnancy : a prospective study
- 1996
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Ingår i: Spine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0362-2436 .- 1528-1159. ; 21:6, s. 702-709
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY DESIGN:A longitudinal, prospective, observational, cohort study.OBJECTIVES:To describe the natural history of back pain occurring during pregnancy and immediately after delivery.SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA:Back pain during pregnancy is a frequent clinical problem even during the early stages of pregnancy. The cause is unclear.METHODS:A cohort of 200 consecutive women attending an antenatal clinic were followed throughout pregnancy with repeated measurements of back pain and possible determinants by questionnaires and physical examinations.RESULTS:Seventy-six percent reported back pain at some time during pregnancy. Sixty-one percent reported onset during the present pregnancy. In this group, the prevalence rate increased to 48% until the 24th week and then remained stable and declined to 9.4% after delivery. The reported pain intensity increased by pain duration. The pain score correlated closely to self-rated disability and days of sickness benefit.CONCLUSIONS:Back pain during pregnancy is a common complaint. The 30% with the highest pain score reported great difficulties with normal activities. The back pain started early in pregnancy and increased over time. Young women had more pain than older women. Back pain starting during pregnancy may be a special entity and may have another origin than back pain not related to pregnancy.
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- Kristiansson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Back pain in in-vitro fertilized and spontaneous pregnancies.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0268-1161 .- 1460-2350. ; 13:11, s. 3233-3238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of ovarian stimulation in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) on the prevalence of back pain with onset during pregnancy was studied in 31 women who became pregnant after IVF treatment and compared with that of 200 spontaneously pregnant women. A two times higher prevalence rate of sacral pain in late pregnancy was reported among IVF pregnant women (P < 0.0001), as well as a significantly higher prevalence rate of positive results of pelvic pain provocation tests performed in late pregnancy (0.0001 < or = P < or = 0.015), as compared with that of the spontaneously pregnant women. Among the IVF pregnant women, there was a significant positive correlation between relaxin concentrations in early pregnancy and the outcome of pelvic pain provocation tests (0.44 < or = r < or = 0.51, P < 0.05). In addition, the serum relaxin concentration was the factor that best explained differences in sacral pain prevalence. When the influence of serum relaxin concentration on back pain prevalence was taken into account, women carrying multiple pregnancies had no more pain than women carrying singletons, and IVF pregnant women had no more pain than spontaneously pregnant women. These results support the hypothesis that relaxin is involved in the generation of pelvic pain in pregnant women.
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- Kristiansson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Reproductive hormones and aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen in serum as early markers of pelvic pain during late pregnancy
- 1999
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Ingår i: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. - 0002-9378 .- 1097-6868. ; 180:1, s. 128-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVEThe object was to study serum concentrations of reproductive hormones and aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen in early pregnancy as markers of pelvic pain (sacral pain or symphyseal pain) during later pregnancy.STUDY DESIGNA prospective, clinical cohort study was performed, with repeated examinations of 200 women.RESULTSSerum concentrations of relaxin and serum concentrations of propeptide of type III procollagen (a collagen turnover marker) measured in early pregnancy were significantly correlated with pelvic pain with onset during pregnancy and reported in late pregnancy (positively and negatively, respectively). In a multivariate analysis, relaxin and propeptide of type III procollagen concentrations remained independently and significantly correlated with pelvic pain.CONCLUSIONSerum concentrations of relaxin and propeptide of type III procollagen measured in early pregnancy may reflect the cause of and indicate an increased risk of pelvic pain (back pain or symphyseal pain) during late pregnancy. The mechanism is unclear.
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| 8. |
- Kristiansson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Serum relaxin, symphyseal pain, and back pain during pregnancy
- 1996
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Ingår i: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. - 0002-9378 .- 1097-6868. ; 175:5, s. 1342-1347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to study the relationship between serum relaxin levels and back pain during pregnancy.STUDY DESIGN A prospective clinical cohort study with repeated examinations was performed.RESULTSThere was an initial increase of relaxin levels until a peak value at the twelfth week followed by a decline until the seventeenth week. Thereafter stable serum levels around 50% of the peak value were recorded. Three months after delivery serum relaxin was not detectable. There was a significant correlation between mean serum relaxin levels during the pregnancy and symphyseal pain or low back pain occurring during late pregnancy as measured by medical history or pain-provoking test. CONCLUSION Relaxin is known to remodel pelvic connective tissue in several mammalian species during pregnancy. The current data suggest that relaxin might be involved in the development of pelvic pain in pregnant women.
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| 9. |
- Kristiansson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Supraphysiological serum relaxin levels during IVF pregnancy is strong correlated to the number of growing follicles in the treatment cycle
- 1996
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction. - 0268-1161 .- 1460-2350. ; 11:9, s. 2036-2040
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to analyse the relationship between the ovarian response to stimulation in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment cycles and relaxin concentrations during subsequent pregnancies, 31 healthy women pregnant after IVF treat ment were studied prospectively. The maximum number of follicles observed from day −4 to day −2 in relation to ovum retrieval and the number of oocytes recovered were recorded. In addition, blood samples were drawn in the follicular phase, the luteal phase, early pregnancy and at gestational weeks 12, 16, 20, 27 and 35 to assess oestradiol, progesterone, human choriomc gonadotrophin and relaxin. The maximum numbers (mean±SEM) of follicles observed and oocytes recovered were 9.0±0.6 and 6.1±0.5 respectively. The supraphyslological mean relaxin values were strongly correlated to the maximum number of follicles observed (r=0.72, P <0.0001) and the number of oocytes recovered (r=0.64, P <0.0001), indicating that the source of increased relaxin production during IVF pregnancy might be the ovary. These results are supported by experimental data. In the present study, the occurrence of multiple pregnancy was not associated with higher relaxin concentrations, which is further support for the hypothesis that the ovary is the main source of serum relaxin.
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| 10. |
- Lalos, Ann, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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A psychosocial characterization of infertile couples before surgical treatment of the female
- 1985
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology. - : Elsevier. - 0167-482X .- 1743-8942. ; 4:2, s. 83-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social background and personality characteristics were examined in 30 infertile women with tubal damage and their 29 men. The emotional and social impact of their infertility was investigated using symptom checklists, the Eysenck Personality Inventory and interviews. The infertile couples did not differ with respect to psychosocial background, current life situation, neuroticism or personality characteristics when compared to psychologically normal controls. The infertility had severe emotional and social effects. Grief, depression, guilt, feelings of inferiority and isolation were commonly reported. The women openly admitted more symptoms than their men. Marital relationship was often affected and in particular the effect on sexual life was negative. Relatives and friends could not fulfill a supportive function, and all couples expressed their need for professional support and counselling.
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