| 1. |
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| 2. |
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A Place in Europe : Proposed project description peered by Project Anywhere
- 2017
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Konstnärligt arbete (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is not conceived as an exclusive work but rather a demonstrably inclusive one (albeit resistant to the logic of circular reproduction). Within the process of artistic research and a developing practice, new methods might constitute another form of art. The project has been centered upon the idea of a round table at which a number of people with different competences have collaborated productively to build the project. The divergent competences that make up the project team have all contributed to the development of A Place in Europe, and moreover worked to challenge conventional practices and forms of knowledge belonging to the various fields of expertise in order to foster a spirit of experimentation and novelty. The key point of departure for all collaborators has been the value of approaching the topic from a creative base, and in doing so striving to exchange ideas in a productive manner with others, both at the site and within the process of developing the project and presentation. We have also been collectively mindful of the potentially asymmetrical power relations at play in any process during which “we” film and interact with “them”. We do not seek to speak for ”them” but rather use our collective desire to explore a more inclusive society.
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| 3. |
- Aaberg, Oddveig Reiersdal, et al.
(författare)
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A human factors intervention in a hospital-evaluating the outcome of a TeamSTEPPS program in a surgical ward
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Health Services Research. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6963. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patient safety in hospitals is being jeopardized, since too many patients experience adverse events. Most of these adverse events arise from human factors, such as inefficient teamwork and communication failures, and the incidence of adverse events is greatest in the surgical area. Previous research has shown the effect of team training on patient safety culture and on different areas of teamwork. Limited research has investigated teamwork in surgical wards. The aim of this study was to evaluate the professional and organizational outcomes of a team training intervention among healthcare professionals in a surgical ward after 6 and 12 months. Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety 2.0 was used as a conceptual framework for the study. Methods: This study had a pre-post design with measurements at baseline and after 6 and 12 months of intervention. The intervention was conducted in a urology and gastrointestinal surgery ward in Norway, and the study site was selected based on convenience and the leaders' willingness to participate in the project. Survey data from healthcare professionals were used to evaluate the intervention. The organizational outcomes were measured by the unit-based sections of the Hospital Survey of Patient Safety Culture Questionnaire, and professional outcomes were measured by the TeamSTEPPS Teamwork Perceptions Questionnaire and the Collaboration and Satisfaction about Care Decisions in Teams Questionnaire. A paired t-test, a Wilcoxon signed-rank test, a generalized linear mixed model and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: After 6 months, improvements were found in organizational outcomes in two patient safety dimensions. After 12 months, improvements were found in both organizational and professional outcomes, and these improvements occurred in three patient safety culture dimensions and in three teamwork dimensions. Furthermore, the results showed that one of the significant improved teamwork dimensions "Mutual Support" was associated with the Patient Safety Grade, after 12 months of intervention. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the team training program had effect after 12 months of intervention. Future studies with larger sample sizes and stronger study designs are necessary to examine the causal effect of a team training intervention in this context.
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| 4. |
- Aaberg, Oddveig Reiersdal, et al.
(författare)
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An interprofessional team training intervention with an implementation phase in a surgical ward : A controlled quasi-experimental study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Interprofessional Care. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1356-1820 .- 1469-9567. ; , s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite a growing awareness of the importance of interprofessional teamwork in relation to patient safety, many hospital units lack effective teamwork. The aim of this study was to explore if an interprofessional teamwork intervention in a surgical ward changed the healthcare personnel's perceptions of patient safety culture, perceptions of teamwork, and attitudes toward teamwork over 12 months. Healthcare personnel from surgical wards at two hospitals participated in a controlled quasi-experimental study. The intervention consisted of six hours of TeamSTEPPS team training and 12 months for the implementation of teamwork tools and strategies. The data collection was conducted among the healthcare personnel in the intervention group and the control group at baseline and at the end of the 12 month study period. The results within the intervention group showed that there were significantly improved scores in three of 12 patient safety culture dimensions and in three of five perceptions of teamwork dimensions after 12 months. When comparing between groups, significant differences were found in three patient safety culture measures in favor of the intervention group. The results of the study suggest that the teamwork intervention had a positive impact on patient safety culture and teamwork in the surgical ward.
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| 5. |
- Aaberg, Oddveig Reiersdal, et al.
(författare)
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Collaboration and Satisfaction About Care Decisions in Team questionnaire : Psychometric testing of the Norwegian version, and hospital healthcare personnel perceptions across hospital units
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nursing Open. - HOBOKEN, USA : John Wiley & Sons. - 2054-1058. ; 6:2, s. 642-650
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To translate "The Collaboration and Satisfaction About Care Decisions in Team" questionnaire (CSACD-T) into Norwegian and test it for psychometric properties. The further aim was to describe and compare healthcare personnel's collaboration and satisfaction about team decision-making (TDM) across hospital units. Design A cross-sectional study. Methods The questionnaire was translated into Norwegian. A total of 247 healthcare personnel at two hospitals responded to the questionnaire. An explorative factor analysis was performed to test the factor structure of the questionnaire, while a Cronbach's alpha analysis was used to test for internal consistency. A one-way ANOVA analysis and a Kruskal-Wallis test were applied to test for differences between hospital units. Results The results demonstrate that the Norwegian version of the CSACD-T has promising psychometric properties regarding construct validity and internal consistency. The mean score of the CSACD-T was significantly higher in the maternity ward group than in the emergency room group.
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| 6. |
- Aaboen, Lise, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the roles of university spin-offs in business networks
- 2016
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Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 59, s. 157-166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper identifies different university spin-off (USO) roles related to resource interaction among business parties. It does so by mapping how USOs become part of business networks in terms of their roles relative to other parties. The theoretical frame of reference focuses on roles and resource interaction based on an industrial network approach to business markets. The empirical research is based on five cases of USOs representing a variety in terms of technology, degree of newness, sector, and area of application. As a result of the analysis, three different roles are identified: the USO as resource mediator, resource re-combiner and resource renewer. These roles reflect how USOs adapt resources to, or require changes among, business parties' resources. The paper also discusses the main resource interfaces associated with the three roles and related challenges. The paper contributes to previous research through illustrating USOs' roles relative to business parties from a resource interaction point of view, and by pointing to the establishment of new companies in business networks as a way of implementing innovation. Finally, the paper discusses the managerial implications of the research in terms of the USO's need to understand which role to take and how to develop it.
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| 7. |
- Aal, Kotaiba Abdul, et al.
(författare)
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Innovation in service ecosystems : An empirical study of the integration of values, brands, service systems and experience rooms
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Service Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1757-5818 .- 1757-5826. ; 27:4, s. 619-651
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to extend the understanding of innovation in service ecosystems by focussing on the role of values resonance in relation to the integration of brands, service systems and experience rooms.Design/methodology/approach – An empirical, explorative case study of an innovative service system is carried out using a narrative approach and presented in the form of a saga.Findings – Insights gleaned from the empirical study are used for conceptual developments. Analysis of the empirical case study is presented as four lessons linked to values, brands, service systems and experience rooms.Originality/value – The paper extends a conceptual framework of innovative resource integration in service ecosystems. The paper also contributes four propositions to inform theory: values resonance is a basis for service innovation, the innovative integration of brands based on values resonance can foster innovation, the integration of resources across service system boundaries grounded in values resonance can enable innovation and the integration of experience rooms into a coherent servicescape based on values resonance can support novel forms of resource integration and value co-creation efforts in service ecosystems.Keywords Service-dominant logic, Brands, Service innovation, Resource integration, Service ecosystem, Values resonancePaper type Research paper
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Aarnio-Linnanvuori, Essi
(författare)
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Environmental issues in Finnish school textbooks on religious education and ethics
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nordidactica. - Karlstad : CSD Karlstad. - 2000-9879. ; :2013:1, s. 131-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Solving global environmental problems requires a major change of values. As relates to environmental education, worldview, ethics and spiritual issues are important elements. But how are environmental issues included in such school subjects that especially discuss values and ethics? In this article I examine 24 Finnish religious education and ethics textbooks to analyze, to what extent environmental issues are integrated and discussed in them. I conclude that there is confusion about what environmental education can be in societal school subjects. The environmental texts in textbooks do not always draw on the specific content of the societal subject in question but repeat content from the natural sciences. Therefore, I suggest contexts and perspectives for discussing environmental issues that would comport with these subjects and supplement existing environmental education at school.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Aas, Marit, et al.
(författare)
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Benchlearning as professional development of school leaders in Norway and Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Professional Development in Education. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1941-5257 .- 1941-5265. ; 44:1, s. 62-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we investigate a new national collaborative Benchlearning program for principals in Norway and Sweden. Four process leaders have been running the program. The aim is to give the participants the knowledge to develop a leadership practice and school environment that are more innovative. The program includes theoretical inputs, sharing experiences, school visits, training, and trialing of new leadership practices. Drawing on data from surveys, participants’ reflections, and the leaders’ descriptions of new leadership practice, we examine and identify successful and critical aspects of the learning process. The findings show that principals’ motivation and willingness to start change processes can be created in a synergy between structured school visits, work in learning groups, and a theoretical foundation. Working in groups across schools in two countries seems to enhance principals’ sense of efficacy, which in turn is shown to have a positive effect on their willingness to trial new practices. Two implications of the study are suggested. First, in the design of principal programs, systematic and critical reflection about authentic practice should be the basis. Second, educators should be trained to be process leaders who can support principals’ learning during a critical and social construction of a new practice.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Aas, T. H., et al.
(författare)
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Outbound open innovation in tourism : Lessons from an innovation project in Norway
- 2021
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Ingår i: Managing Open Service Innovation. - : World Scientific. - 9789811234491 - 9789811234484 ; , s. 167-185
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The concept of open innovation was introduced by Henry Chesbrough in 2003 and refers to firms' use of inflows and outflows of knowledge to improve innovation processes. The concept has received considerable scholarly attention, but most research has focused on how manufacturing firms can manage inflows of knowledge during their product innovation processes. How outflows of knowledge can be managed by service firms during their innovation processes has until now not received the same scholarly attention. In this chapter, we therefore aim to contribute in filling this knowledge gap by observing an innovation project in tourism during its implementation. The findings suggested that tourism firms reveal different types of knowledge to other tourism firms in non-pecuniary outbound open innovation processes. In this case the knowledge was revealed in joint workshops where several firms participated and in bi-lateral meetings between two firms, and sometimes the knowledge was transferred via consultants or researchers that acted as "knowledge mediators". The findings also suggested that tourism firms decided to reveal knowledge to other firms to improve their image, increase the market size and to sharpen up their own business. Implications for management as well as the need for further research are discussed in the chapter.
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| 15. |
- Abadzhiev, Andrey, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Managing the complexity of green innovation
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Innovation Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1460-1060 .- 1758-7115. ; 25:6, s. 850-866
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Green innovation can promote both environmental sustainability and economic growth. However, its development and implementation can be complex due to the need to align innovation activities within and across companies. In this study, the authors examined how this complexity can be managed by analyzing how individual companies combine different innovation activities to develop green innovation, and how companies along the value chain align to implement these innovations. Design/methodology/approach The dataset comprises both interviews and a survey of senior executives from the Swedish wood construction industry. These data were first analyzed by using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to identify innovation activity configurations at the level of the individual company. The interviews were then analyzed to identify alignment mechanisms enabling the implementation of green innovation along the value chain. Findings At the company level, the authors found three innovation activity configurations with varying levels of complexity: (1) systemic innovation by proactive companies, (2) process innovation by reactive companies and (3) inaction by technology-independent companies. On the value chain level, the authors found three alignment mechanisms that facilitate the implementation of green innovation along the value chain. These mechanisms promote cooperation by increasing efficiency, opening up new market opportunities and increasing the level of servitization. Originality/value This paper analyzes the complexity of green innovation and provides novel insights into how complexity is managed at the level of both the individual company and the value chain.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Abadzhiev, Andrey, 1980-
(författare)
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Wood We Change? : Business Model Innovation Towards Sustainability Transitions: Studying the Wood Construction Industry
- 2021
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Innovations based on sustainable technologies have been widely considered as a remedy for addressing societal and environmental problems in many industries. However, the large-scale adoption of such innovations goes beyond technology and requires organizing the business in a way that drive industrial transformations across actors and system layers, such as market structures, institutional frames, consumer behavior, and business values. The aim of this dissertation is to understand how industrial firms organize for system change towards sustainability. The study is a compilation of two papers within the same research context: the development of sustainable technology in the construction industry. The overlapping unit of analysis for both papers is business model innovation. Paper I examines how industry firms combine and complement business models with different innovation types to accelerate sustainable technology. Paper II identifies how a change in the business model and value creation logic that occur on a firm level accelerate sustainable technology and shape the socio-technical system. Together, both papers help paint a more complete picture of the business model role in transitions towards sustainability. The theoretical frame of this dissertation spans several domains: business model, innovation management, and sustainability transitions. Building on a multi-disciplinary premise, the study takes into account the organizational and the systemic parts of the change process by linking the company perspective (business models) to the wider governance of sustainability transitions. The findings underline the importance of business models that combine production efficiency with higher customer engagement and more collective value creation for driving larger-scale transitions toward sustainability. Moreover, business models in combination with different innovation types, such as product, process and positioning, act together and complement each other to achieve high sustainability and business outcomes.
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| 18. |
- Abas, Naeem, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic simulation of solar water heating system using supercritical CO2 as mediating fluid under sub-zero temperature conditions
- 2019
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Ingår i: Applied Thermal Engineering. - Oxford, UK : Pergamon Press. - 1359-4311 .- 1873-5606. ; 161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CO2 is becoming increasingly important as a mediating fluid, and simulation studies are indispensable for corresponding developments. In this study, a simulation-based performance investigation of a solar water heating system using CO2 as a mediating fluid under sub-zero temperature condition is performed using the TRNSYS (R) software. The maximum performance is achieved at a solar savings fraction of 0.83 during July. The as lowest solar savingss fraction of 0.41 is obtained during December. The annual heat production of the proposed system under Fargo climate is estimated to be about 2545 kWh. An evacuated glass tube solar collector is designed, fabricated and tested for various climate conditions. Moreover, a detailed comparison of the system's performance at sub/supercritical and supercritical pressures shows that the annual heat transfer efficiency of the modeled system is 10% higher at supercritical pressure than at sub/supercritical pressures. This result can be attributd to the strong convection flow of CO2 caused by density inhomogeneities, especially in the near critical region. This condition resuls in high heat transfer rates.
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| 19. |
- Abascal, Angela, et al.
(författare)
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AI perceives like a local : predicting citizen deprivation perception using satellite imagery
- 2024
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Ingår i: npj Urban Sustainability. - : Springer Nature. - 2661-8001. ; 4:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Deprived urban areas, commonly referred to as ‘slums,’ are the consequence of unprecedented urbanisation. Previous studies have highlighted the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Earth Observation (EO) in capturing physical aspects of urban deprivation. However, little research has explored AI’s ability to predict how locals perceive deprivation. This research aims to develop a method to predict citizens’ perception of deprivation using satellite imagery, citizen science, and AI. A deprivation perception score was computed from slum-citizens’ votes. Then, AI was used to model this score, and results indicate that it can effectively predict perception, with deep learning outperforming conventional machine learning. By leveraging AI and EO, policymakers can comprehend the underlying patterns of urban deprivation, enabling targeted interventions based on citizens’ needs. As over a quarter of the global urban population resides in slums, this tool can help prioritise citizens’ requirements, providing evidence for implementing urban upgrading policies aligned with SDG-11.
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| 20. |
- Abbas, Muhammad Tahir, et al.
(författare)
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An adaptive approach to vehicle trajectory prediction using multimodel Kalman filter
- 2020
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Ingår i: European transactions on telecommunications. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1124-318X .- 2161-3915.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the aim to improve road safety services in critical situations, vehicle trajectory and future location prediction are important tasks. An infinite set of possible future trajectories can exit depending on the current state of vehicle motion. In this paper, we present a multimodel-based Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), which is able to predict a set of possible scenarios for vehicle future location. Five different EKF models are proposed in which the current state of a vehicle exists, particularly, a vehicle at intersection or on a curve path. EKF with Interacting Multiple Model framework is explored combinedly for mathematical model creation and probability calculation for that model to be selected for prediction. Three different parameters are considered to create a state vector matrix, which includes vehicle position, velocity, and distance of the vehicle from the intersection. Future location of a vehicle is then used by the software-defined networking controller to further enhance the safety and packet delivery services by the process of flow rule installation intelligently to that specific area only. This way of flow rule installation keeps the controller away from irrelevant areas to install rules, hence, reduces the network overhead exponentially. Proposed models are created and tested in MATLAB with real-time global positioning system logs from Jeju, South Korea.
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| 21. |
- Abbas, Muhammad Tahir, et al.
(författare)
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Energy-Saving Solutions for Cellular Internet of Things - A Survey
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - IEEE : IEEE. - 2169-3536. ; 10, s. 62096-62096
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Cellular Internet of Things (CIoT), a new paradigm, paves the way for a large-scale deployment of IoT devices. CIoT promises enhanced coverage and massive deployment of low-cost IoT devices with an expected battery life of up to 10 years. However, such a long battery life can only be achieved provided the CIoT device is configured with energy efficiency in mind. This paper conducts a comprehensive survey on energy-saving solutions in 3GPP-based CIoT networks. In comparison to current studies, the contribution of this paper is the classification and an extensive analysis of existing energy-saving solutions for CIoT, e.g., the configuration of particular parameter values and software modifications of transport- or radio-layer protocols, while also stressing key parameters impacting the energy consumption such as the frequency of data reporting, discontinuous reception cycles (DRX), and Radio Resource Control (RRC) timers. In addition, we discuss shortcomings, limitations, and possible opportunities which can be investigated in the future to reduce the energy consumption of CIoT devices.
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| 22. |
- Abbas, Muhammad Tahir, et al.
(författare)
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Guidelines for an Energy Efficient Tuning of the NB-IoT Stack
- 2020
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Ingår i: 45th IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN). - : IEEE Communications Society. ; , s. 60-69
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we study the energy consumptionof Narrowband IoT devices. The paper suggests that key tosaving energy for NB-IoT devices is the usage of full Discontinuous Reception (DRX), including the use of connected-mode DRX (cDRX): In some cases, cDRX reduced the energy consumption over a 10-year period with as much as 50%. However, the paper also suggests that tunable parameters, such as the inactivity timer, do have a significant impact. On the basis of our findings, guidelines are provided on how to tune the NB-IoT device so that it meets the target of the 3GPP, i.e., a 5-Wh battery should last for at least 10 years. It is further evident from our results that the energy consumption is largely dependent on the intensity and burstiness of the traffic, and thus could be significantly reduced if data is sent in bursts with less intensity,irrespective of cDRX support.
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| 23. |
- Abbas, Muhammad Tahir, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of Tunable Parameters in NB-IoT Stack onthe Energy Consumption
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Fifteenth Swedish National Computer Networking Workshop (SNCNW).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies the impact of tunable parametersin the NB-IoT stack on the energy consumption of a user equipment(UE), e.g., a wireless sensor. NB-IoT is designed to enablemassive machine-type communications for UE while providing abattery lifetime of up to 10 years. To save battery power, most oftime the UE is in dormant state and unreachable. Still, duringthe CONNECTED and IDLE state, correct tuning of criticalparameters, like Discontinuous reception (DRX), and extendedDiscontinuous reception (eDRX), respectively, are essential to savebattery power. Moreover, the DRX and eDRX actions relate tovarious parameters which are needed to be tuned in order toachieve a required UE battery lifetime. The objective of thispaper is to observe the influence of an appropriate tuning ofthese parameters to reduce the risk of an early battery drainage
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| 24. |
- Abbas, Muhammad Tahir
(författare)
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Improving the Energy Efficiency of Cellular IoT Device
- 2023
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cellular Internet of Things (CIoT) has emerged as a promising technology to support applications that generate infrequent data. One requirement on these applications, often battery-powered devices, is low energy consumption to enable extended battery life. Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) is a promising technology for IoT due to its low power consumption, which is essential for devices that need to run on battery power for extended periods. However, the current battery life of NB-IoT devices is only a few years, which is insufficient for many applications. This thesis investigates the impact of energy-saving mechanisms standardized by 3GPP on battery life of NB-IoT devices. The main research objective is to classify and analyze existing energy-saving solutions for CIoT and examine their limitations, to study the impact of standardized energy-saving mechanisms on the battery life of NB-IoT devices, both in isolation and combined, and to provide guidelines on how to configure NB-IoT devices to reduce energy consumption efficiently. The research aims to provide a deeper understanding of the effect of energy-saving mechanisms and best practices to balance energy efficiency and performance of NB-IoT devices. Applying the proposed solutions makes it possible to achieve a battery life of 10~years or more for CIoT devices.
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| 25. |
- Abbas, Muhammad Tahir, et al.
(författare)
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On the Energy-efficient Use of Discontinuous Reception and Release Assistance in NB-IoT
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cellular Internet of Things (CIoT) is a Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) technology. It aims for cheap, lowcomplexity IoT devices that enable large-scale deployments and wide-area coverage. Moreover, to make large-scale deployments of CIoT devices in remote and hard-to-access locations possible, a long device battery life is one of the main objectives of these devices. To this end, 3GPP has defined several energysaving mechanisms for CIoT technologies, not least for the Narrow-Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) technology, one of the major CIoT technologies. Examples of mechanisms defined include CONNECTED-mode DRX (cDRX), Release Assistance Indicator (RAI), and Power Saving Mode (PSM). This paper considers the impact of the essential energy-saving mechanisms on minimizing the energy consumption of NB-IoT devices, especially the cDRX and RAI mechanisms. The paper uses a purpose-built NB-IoT simulator that has been tested in terms of its built-in energy-saving mechanisms and validated with realworld NB-IoT measurements. The simulated results show that it is possible to save 70%-90% in energy consumption by enabling the cDRX and RAI. In fact, the results suggest that a battery life of 10 years is only achievable provided the cDRX, RAI, and PSM energy-saving mechanisms are correctly configured and used
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| 26. |
- Abbas, Muhammad Tahir, et al.
(författare)
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Road-Aware Estimation Model for Path Duration in Internet of Vehicles (IoV)
- 2019
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Ingår i: Wireless personal communications. - : Springer. - 0929-6212 .- 1572-834X. ; 109:2, s. 715-738
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Internet of Vehicles (IoV), numerous routing metrics have been used to assess the performance of routing protocols such as, packet delivery ratio, throughput, end-to-end delay and path duration. Path duration is an influential design parameter, among these routing metrics, that determines the performance of vehicular networks. For instance, in highly dynamic scenarios, it can be used to predict link life time in on-demand routing protocols. In this paper, we propose an infrastructure-assisted hybrid road-aware routing protocol which is capable of enhanced vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. A remarkable aspect of the proposed protocol is that it establishes a link between path duration and fundamental design parameters like vehicular velocity, density, hop count and transmission range. Although, a lot of research has been previously performed, a well defined analytical model for IoV is not available in the literature. Precisely, a relation between path duration and vehicular velocity has not been validated in the previous studies. Experimental results show that the increased packet delivery ratio with reduced end-to-end delay can be achieved by the prediction of path duration. Proposed model for path duration is validated by getting experimental results from network simulator 3 (NS3) and analytical results from MATLAB. In addition, SUMO simulator was used to generate real time traffic on the roads of Gangnam district, South Korea.
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| 27. |
- Abbas, Muhammad Tahir, et al.
(författare)
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SD-IoV : SDN enabled routing for internet of vehicles in road-aware approach
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing. - : Springer. - 1868-5137 .- 1868-5145. ; 11:3, s. 1265-1280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proposing an optimal routing protocol for internet of vehicles with reduced overhead has endured to be a challenge owing to the incompetence of the current architecture to manage flexibility and scalability. The proposed architecture, therefore, consolidates an evolving network standard named as software defined networking in internet of vehicles. Which enables it to handle highly dynamic networks in an abstract way by dividing the data plane from the control plane. Firstly, road-aware routing strategy is introduced: a performance-enhanced routing protocol designed specifically for infrastructure-assisted vehicular networks. In which roads are divided into road segments, with road side units for multi-hop communication. A unique property of the proposed protocol is that it explores the cellular network to relay control messages to and from the controller with low latency. The concept of edge controller is introduced as an operational backbone of the vehicle grid in internet of vehicles, to have a real-time vehicle topology. Last but not least, a novel mathematical model is estimated which assists primary controller in a way to find not only a shortest but a durable path. The results illustrate the significant performance of the proposed protocol in terms of availability with limited routing overhead. In addition, we also found that edge controller contributes mainly to minimizes the path failure in the network.
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| 28. |
- Abbas, Shahrukh, et al.
(författare)
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Impact Analysis of Large-Scale Wind Farms Integration in Weak Transmission Grid from Technical Perspectives
- 2020
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Ingår i: Energies. - : MDPI. - 1996-1073. ; 13:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The integration of commercial onshore large-scale wind farms into a national grid comes with several technical issues that predominately ensure power quality in accordance with respective grid codes. The resulting impacts are complemented with the absorption of larger amounts of reactive power by wind generators. In addition, seasonal variations and inter-farm wake effects further deteriorate the overall system performance and restrict the optimal use of available wind resources. This paper presented an assessment framework to address the power quality issues that have arisen after integrating large-scale wind farms into weak transmission grids, especially considering inter-farm wake effect, seasonal variations, reactive power depletion, and compensation with a variety of voltage-ampere reactive (Var) devices. Herein, we also proposed a recovery of significant active power deficits caused by the wake effect via increasing hub height of wind turbines. For large-scale wind energy penetration, a real case study was considered for three wind farms with a cumulative capacity of 154.4 MW integrated at a Nooriabad Grid in Pakistan to analyze their overall impacts. An actual test system was modeled in MATLAB Simulink for a composite analysis. Simulations were performed for various scenarios to consider wind intermittency, seasonal variations across four seasons, and wake effect. The capacitor banks and various flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) devices were employed for a comparative analysis with and without considering the inter-farm wake effect. The power system parameters along with active and reactive power deficits were considered for comprehensive analysis. Unified power flow controller (UPFC) was found to be the best compensation device through comparative analysis, as it maintained voltage at nearly 1.002 pu, suppressed frequency transient in a range of 49.88-50.17 Hz, and avoided any resonance while maintaining power factors in an allowable range. Moreover, it also enhanced the power handling capability of the power system. The 20 m increase in hub height assisted the recovery of the active power deficit to 48%, which thus minimized the influence of the wake effect.
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| 29. |
- Abbott, Jessica K., et al.
(författare)
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The microevolutionary response to male-limited X-chromosome evolution in Drosophila melanogaster reflects macroevolutionary patterns
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Evolutionary Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1010-061X .- 1420-9101. ; 33:6, s. 738-750
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to its hemizygous inheritance and role in sex determination, the X-chromosome is expected to play an important role in the evolution of sexual dimorphism and to be enriched for sexually antagonistic genetic variation. By forcing the X-chromosome to only be expressed in males over >40 generations, we changed the selection pressures on the X to become similar to those experienced by the Y. This releases the X from any constraints arising from selection in females and should lead to specialization for male fitness, which could occur either via direct effects of X-linked loci or trans-regulation of autosomal loci by the X. We found evidence of masculinization via up-regulation of male-benefit sexually antagonistic genes and down-regulation of X-linked female-benefit genes. Potential artefacts of the experimental evolution protocol are discussed and cannot be wholly discounted, leading to several caveats. Interestingly, we could detect evidence of microevolutionary changes consistent with previously documented macroevolutionary patterns, such as changes in expression consistent with previously established patterns of sexual dimorphism, an increase in the expression of metabolic genes related to mito-nuclear conflict and evidence that dosage compensation effects can be rapidly altered. These results confirm the importance of the X in the evolution of sexual dimorphism and as a source for sexually antagonistic genetic variation and demonstrate that experimental evolution can be a fruitful method for testing theories of sex chromosome evolution.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Abdel-Rehim, Mohamed
(författare)
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Microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) : A tutorial
- 2011
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Ingår i: Analytica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-2670 .- 1873-4324. ; 701:2, s. 119-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This tutorial provides an overview on a new technique for sample preparation, microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS). Not only the automation process by MEPS is the advantage but also the much smaller volumes of the samples, solvents and dead volumes in the system. Other significant advantages such as the speed and the simplicity of the sample preparation process are provided. In this tutorial the main concepts of MEPS will be elucidated. Different practical aspects in MEPS are addressed. The factors affecting MEPS performance will be discussed. The application of MEPS in clinical and pre-clinical studies for quantification of drugs and metabolites in blood, plasma and urine will be provided. A comparison between MEPS and other extraction techniques such as SPE, LLE, SPME and SBSE will be discussed. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Abdel-Rehim, Mohamed, et al.
(författare)
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Microextraction in Packed Syringe Online with Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry : Molecularly imprinted polymer as packing material for MEPS in selective extraction of ropivacaine from plasma
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1082-6076 .- 1520-572X. ; 29:12, s. 1725-1736
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The excellent performance of a new sample preparation method, microextraction in packed syringe (MEPS), was recently illustrated by online LC‐MS and GS‐MS assays of local anaesthetics in plasma samples. In the method, approximately 1 mg of solid packing material was inserted into a syringe (100–250 µL) as a plug. Sample preparation took place on the packed bed. The new method was easy to use, fully automated, of low cost, and rapid in comparison with previously used methods. This paper presents the use of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as packing material for higher extraction selectivity. Development and validation of a method for MIP‐MEPS online with LC‐MS‐MS using ropivacaine in plasma as model compound were investigated. A bupivacaine imprinted polymer was used. The method was validated and the standard curves were evaluated by means of quadratic regression and weighted by inverse of the concentration: 1/x for the calibration range 2–2000 nM. The applied polymer could be used more than 100 times before the syringe was discarded. The extraction recovery was 60%. The results showed high correlation coefficients (R 2 >0.999) for all runs. The accuracy, given as a percentage deviation from the nominal concentration values, ranged from -6% to 3%. The precision, given as the relative standard deviation, at three different concentrations (QC samples) was consistently about 3% to 10%. The limit of quantification was 2 nM.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Abdel-Rehim, Mohamed
(författare)
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On-Line Whole Blood Analysis Using Microextraction by Packed Sorbent and LC-MS-MS
- 2011
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Ingår i: LC GC North America. - 1527-5949 .- 1939-1889. ; 29:7, s. 612-618
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) is a new technique for sample preparation that can be connected on-line with liquid chromatography (LC) or gas chromatography (GC) systems without any modifications. This article describes the use of MEPS in clinical and preclinical studies to quantify different drugs in whole blood samples. MEPS was used to determine cyclophosphamide in mouse blood from preclinical g studies using 20 mu L of blood samples. The interday accuracies and 0 precisions ranged from 107-109% and from 2.0-7.0%, respectively. The determination of four immunosuppressive drugs in human blood by MEPS and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is described. The method showed a good selectivity and sensitivity. The calibration curves for everolimus, sirolimus, and tacrolimus ranged from 0.5 to 50 ng/mL and for cyclosporine from 3.0 to 1500 ng/mL. Intraday precisions for the studied immunosuppressive drugs were 2.0-11.7% and interday precision ranged from 5.1 to 13.7% (CV).
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Abdelhady, Dalia, et al.
(författare)
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Gaza and the Right to Have Rights
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Migration Research. - : Helsinki University Press. - 1799-649X. ; 14:1, s. 17-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 41. |
- Abdollahi, Kamran, et al.
(författare)
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Improving Performance of On Demand Multicast Routing by deleting lost join query packet
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of The Sixth Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications - AICT 2010. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9780769540214 ; , s. 316-322
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A Mobile ad hoc network is a collection of wireless nodes that dynamically organize themselves to form a network without the need for any fixed infrastructure or centralized administration. The network topology dynamically changes frequently in an unpredictable manner since nodes are free to move. Support for multicasting is essential in such environment as it is considered to be an efficient way to deliver information from source nodes to many client nodes. A problem with multicast routing algorithms is their efficiency as their forwarding structure determines the overall network resource consumption makes them significantly less efficient than unicast routing algorithms. In this research, we improve the performance of the popular ODMRP multicast routing protocol by restricting the domain of join query packets, which have been lost. This is achieved by augmenting the join query packets with minimum extra information (one field), which denotes the number of the visited node from previous forwarding group. Simulation results show, that our mechanisms significantly reduce the control traffic and thus the overall latency and power consumption in the network.
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| 42. |
- Abecasis, David, et al.
(författare)
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A review of acoustic telemetry in Europe and the need for a regional aquatic telemetry network
- 2018
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Ingår i: Animal Biotelemetry. - : Springer. - 2050-3385. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Globally, there are a large and growing number of researchers using biotelemetry as a tool to studyaquatic animals. In Europe, this community lacks a formal network structure. The aim of this study is to review the useof acoustic telemetry in Europe and document the contribution of cross-boundary studies and inter-research groupcollaborations. Based on this, we explore the potential benefits and challenges of a network approach to identifyfuture priorities and best practices for aquatic biotelemetry research in Europe.Results: Over the past decade, there was an approximately sevenfold increase in the number of acoustic telemetrystudies published on marine and diadromous species in Europe compared to a sixfold increase globally. Over 90%of these studies were conducted on fishes and undertaken in coastal areas, estuaries, or rivers. 75% of these studieswere conducted by researchers based in one of five nations (Norway, UK, France, Portugal, and Spain) and, eventhough 34% were based on collaborations between scientists from several countries, there was only one study withan acoustic receiver array that extended beyond the borders of a single country. In recent years, acoustic telemetryin European waters has evolved from studying behavioural aspects of animals (82.2%), into more holistic approachesaddressing management-related issues (10%), tagging methods and effects (5%), and technology and data analysisdevelopment (2.8%).Conclusions: Despite the increasing number of publications and species tracked, there is a prominent lack ofplanned and structured acoustic telemetry collaborations in Europe. A formal pan-European network structure wouldpromote the development of (1) a research platform that could benefit the acoustic telemetry community throughcapacity building, (2) a centralized database, and (3) key deployment sites and studies on priority species requiringresearch in Europe. A network may increase efficiency, expand the scope of research that can be undertaken, promoteEuropean science integration, enhance the opportunities and success of acquiring research funding and, ultimately,foster regional and transatlantic collaborations. It may also help address research priorities such as the large-scalesocietal challenges arising from climate change impacts and assist the EU’s Marine Strategy Framework Directive viaidentification of good environmental status of endangered or commercially important species.
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| 43. |
- Abelsson, Anna, 1971-
(författare)
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2 minuters träning per arbetspass.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Samverkan 112. - 1650-7487. ; April
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 44. |
- Abelsson, Anna, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Ambulance Nurses' Competence and Perception of Competence in Prehospital Trauma Care
- 2018
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Ingår i: Emergency Medicine International. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2090-2840 .- 2090-2859.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. We focus on trauma care conducted in the context of a simulated traumatic event. This is in this study defined as a four-meter fall onto a hard surface, resulting in severe injuries to extremities in the form of bilateral open femur fractures, an open tibia fracture, and a closed pelvic fracture, all fractures bleeding extensively. Methods. The simulated trauma care competence of 63 ambulance nurses in prehospital emergency care was quantitatively evaluated along with their perception of their sufficiency. Data was collected by means of simulated trauma care and a questionnaire. Results. Life-saving interventions were not consistently performed. Time to perform interventions could be considered long due to the life-threatening situation. In comparison, the ambulance nurses' perception of the sufficiency of their theoretical and practical knowledge and skills for trauma care scored high. In contrast, the perception of having sufficient ethical training for trauma care scored low. Discussion. This study suggests there is no guarantee that the ambulance nurses' perception of theoretical and practical knowledge and skill level corresponds with their performed knowledge and skill. The ambulance nurses rated themselves having sufficient theoretical and practical knowledge and skills while the score of trauma care can be considered quite low.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Abelsson, Anna, 1971-
(författare)
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Att vara doktorand
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 50. |
- Abelsson, Anna, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Caring for patients in the end-of-life from the perspective of undergraduate nursing students
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nursing Forum. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0029-6473 .- 1744-6198. ; 55:3, s. 433-438
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Caring for patients in the end-of-life is an emotionally and physically challenging task. Therefore, undergraduate nursing students (UNS) need opportunities to learn to care for the dying patient. This study aimed to describe UNS' experiences of caring for patients at end-of-life. Methods: Interviews with 16 UNS in their last semester of nursing education were conducted. Data were analyzed with a phenomenological approach. Results: The UNS created a professional relationship with the dying patient. It meant that when the patient was unable to speak for themselves, the UNS could still meet his/her wishes and needs. The UNS believed they could take responsibility for the patient who was no longer able to take responsibility for themselves. Meeting with the patient's family could be experienced with anxiousness but was dependent on the personal chemistry between the patient's family and the UNS. Conclusion: The UNS creates a relationship with the patient and their family. To be knowledgeable about the patient's physical and psychosocial needs means that the UNS can support the patient in the end-of-life phase. Being close to the patient and the family results in an intensity of emotions in the care situation. The UNS can receive support from their colleagues during processing their emotions and creating an experience from their encounters with patients in end-of-life care.
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