| 11. |
- Schweinsberg, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Same data, different conclusions : Radical dispersion in empirical results when independent analysts operationalize and test the same hypothesis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0749-5978 .- 1095-9920. ; 165, s. 228-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this crowdsourced initiative, independent analysts used the same dataset to test two hypotheses regarding the effects of scientists' gender and professional status on verbosity during group meetings. Not only the analytic approach but also the operationalizations of key variables were left unconstrained and up to individual analysts. For instance, analysts could choose to operationalize status as job title, institutional ranking, citation counts, or some combination. To maximize transparency regarding the process by which analytic choices are made, the analysts used a platform we developed called DataExplained to justify both preferred and rejected analytic paths in real time. Analyses lacking sufficient detail, reproducible code, or with statistical errors were excluded, resulting in 29 analyses in the final sample. Researchers reported radically different analyses and dispersed empirical outcomes, in a number of cases obtaining significant effects in opposite directions for the same research question. A Boba multiverse analysis demonstrates that decisions about how to operationalize variables explain variability in outcomes above and beyond statistical choices (e.g., covariates). Subjective researcher decisions play a critical role in driving the reported empirical results, underscoring the need for open data, systematic robustness checks, and transparency regarding both analytic paths taken and not taken. Implications for orga-nizations and leaders, whose decision making relies in part on scientific findings, consulting reports, and internal analyses by data scientists, are discussed.
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| 12. |
- Abudurexiti, A, et al.
(författare)
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Taxonomy of the order Bunyavirales: update 2019
- 2019
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Ingår i: Archives of virology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-8798 .- 0304-8608. ; 164:7, s. 1949-1965
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 13. |
- Cleveland-Innes, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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Role adjustment for learners in an online community of inquiry : Identifying the needs of novice online learners
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Web-Based Learning and Teaching Technologies. - 1548-1093 .- 1548-1107. ; 2:1, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study outlines the process of adjustment learners experience when first participating in anonline environment. Findings from a pilot study of adjustment to online learning environmentsvalidate differences found in three presences in an online community of inquiry. Using pre- andpost-questionnaires, students enrolled in entry-level courses in two graduate degree programsat Athabasca University, Canada, describe their adjustment to online learning. Responses wereanalyzed in relation to the elements of cognitive, social, and teaching presence, defined by Garrison,Anderson, and Archer (2000) as core dimensions of student role requirements in an onlinecommunity of inquiry. In each of these presences, five areas of adjustment characterize the movetoward competence in online learning: interaction, self-identity, instructor role, course design,and technology. Student comments provide understanding of the experience of first time onlinelearners, including the challenges, interventions, and resolutions that present themselves asunique incidents. Recommendations for the support and facilitation of adjustment are made.
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| 14. |
- Cleveland-Innes, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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The role of learner in an online community of inquiry : Responding to the challenges of first-time online learners
- 2008
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Ingår i: Solutions and innovations in web-based technologies for augmented learning. - : IGI Global.
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Learners experiencing an online educational community for the first time can explain the adjustment required for participation. Findings from a study of adjustment to online learning environments validate differences found in 3 presences in an online community of inquiry. Using pre- and post-questionnaires, students enrolled in entry-level courses in 2 graduate degree programs at Athabasca University, Canada, describe their adjustment to online learning. Responses were analyzed in relation to the elements of cognitive, social, and teaching presence, defined by Garrison, Anderson, and Archer (2000) as core dimensions of learner role requirements in an online community of inquiry. Five areas of adjustment characterize the move toward competence in online learning: interaction, self-identity, instructor role, course design, and technology. Student comments provide understanding of the experience of first-time online learners, including the challenges, interventions, and resolutions that present themselves as unique incidents. Recommendations for the support and facilitation of adjustment are made.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Garrison, AR, et al.
(författare)
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ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Nairoviridae
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Journal of general virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 1465-2099 .- 0022-1317. ; 101:8, s. 798-799
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Members of the family Nairoviridae produce enveloped virions with three single-stranded RNA segments comprising 17.1 to 22.8 kb in total. These viruses are maintained in arthropods and transmitted by ticks to mammals or birds. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus is tick-borne and is endemic in most of Asia, Africa, Southern and Eastern Europe whereas Nairobi sheep disease virus, which is also tick-borne, causes lethal haemorrhagic gastroenteritis in small ruminants in Africa and India. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Nairoviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/nairoviridae.
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| 17. |
- Garrison, Brian S, et al.
(författare)
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ZFP521 regulates murine hematopoietic stem cell function and facilitates MLL-AF9 leukemogenesis in mouse and human cells
- 2017
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 130:5, s. 619-624
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concept that tumor-initiating cells can co-opt the self-renewal program of endogenous stem cells as a means of enforcing their unlimited proliferative potential is widely accepted, yet identification of specific factors that regulate self-renewal of normal and cancer stem cells remains limited. Using a comparative transcriptomic approach, we identify ZNF521/Zfp521 as a conserved hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)–enriched transcription factor in human and murine hematopoiesis whose function in HSC biology remains elusive. Competitive serial transplantation assays using Zfp521-deficient mice revealed that ZFP521 regulates HSC self-renewal and differentiation. In contrast, ectopic expression of ZFP521 in HSCs led to a robust maintenance of progenitor activity in vitro. Transcriptional analysis of human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient samples revealed that ZNF521 is highly and specifically upregulated in AMLs with MLL translocations. Using an MLL-AF9 murine leukemia model and serial transplantation studies, we show that ZFP521 is not required for leukemogenesis, although its absence leads to a significant delay in leukemia onset. Furthermore, knockdown of ZNF521 reduced proliferation in human leukemia cell lines possessing MLL-AF9 translocations. Taken together, these results identify ZNF521/ZFP521 as a critical regulator of HSC function, which facilitates MLL-AF9–mediated leukemic disease in mice.
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| 18. |
- Garrison, Sean P, et al.
(författare)
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Selection against PUMA gene expression in Myc-driven B-cell lymphomagenesis.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Molecular and cellular biology. - 1098-5549. ; 28:17, s. 5391-402
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The p53 tumor suppressor pathway limits oncogenesis by inducing cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. A key p53 target gene is PUMA, which encodes a BH3-only proapoptotic protein. Here we demonstrate that Puma deletion in the Emu-Myc mouse model of Burkitt lymphoma accelerates lymphomagenesis and that approximately 75% of Emu-Myc lymphomas naturally select against Puma protein expression. Furthermore, approximately 40% of primary human Burkitt lymphomas fail to express detectable levels of PUMA and in some tumors this is associated with DNA methylation. Burkitt lymphoma cell lines phenocopy the primary tumors with respect to DNA methylation and diminished PUMA expression, which can be reactivated following inhibition of DNA methyltransferases. These findings establish that PUMA is silenced in human malignancies, and they suggest PUMA as a target for the development of novel chemotherapeutics.
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| 19. |
- Kinsel, E., et al.
(författare)
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Student role adjustment in online environments : from the mouths of online babes
- 2004
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This presentation reports on the findings from a pilot study of the adjustment to the role of online learner in online learning environments. The themes of interaction, instructor role, self-identity, course design, and technology are explored in relation to cognitive, social, and teaching presence. Implications for changed practice will be discussed.
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| 20. |
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