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- Nyholm, R., et al.
(författare)
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SURFACE SCIENCE AT MAX-LAB
- 1989
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 282:2-3, s. 553-558
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Adiels, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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A π0 and η spectrometer of lead glass and BGO for momenta up to 1 GeV/c
- 1986
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 244:3, s. 380-390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A spectrometer consisting of two sets of bismuth germanium oxide (BGO) crystals and a lead-glass array has been used to measure the [pi]0 and [eta] momentum spectra produced from proton-antiproton annihilations at rest. We describe the test of the BGO sets in electron beams of energies from 50 to 450 MeV. We discuss the method of construction and calibration of the lead-glass array, as well as procedures to extract the energy and position resolutions for detected photons. A momentum resolution ([sigma]) for [pi]0’s and [eta]’s of 4% and 3%, respectively has been achieved at momenta below 1 GeV/c.
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- Scheffel, Jan, 1954-
(författare)
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Neutron Spectra from Beam-Heated Fusion Plasmas
- 1984
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576 .- 0167-5087. ; 224:3, s. 519-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The spectra of fusion neutrons emerging from a deuterium-beam heated deuterium or tritium plasma yield information of both the bulk plasma and of the beam slowing down. A computer code has been developed to model plasma-plasma (p-p), beam-plasma (b-p) and beam-beam (b-b) interaction for the case of a single or several co-directed beams. It is found that for a high-temperature plasma (T ⪢ 1 keV) b-b interaction is negligible due to the low associated neutron emission. p-p neutron spectra reflect the bulk ion plasma temperature and density as well as toroidal rotational velocity. b-p spectra shifts and broadenings are sensitive to beam injection geometry and deposition, beam energy, ion and electron temperature, toroidal rotation and the density of neutrals. The mixing of full energy beam neutrals with half- and third-energy components has only a slight impact on the neutron spectrum when the beam power is held constant. For a JET-like Tokamak (D → D, beam power 5 MW, beam energy 160 keV) it is further found that for T ⪡ 8 keV the b-p neutron flux dominates, whereas for T ⪢ 8 keV the p-p flux dominates.
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