| 1. |
- Holmberg, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
Alcohol intake and breast cancer risk : effect of exposure from 15 years of age
- 1995
-
Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 4:8, s. 843-847
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research regarding the relationship between alcohol intake and breast cancer risk has suggested an association between the two, although the data are inconsistent regarding dose effects and susceptible populations. To clarify these issues, we investigated the association of breast cancer risk with alcohol intake at various ages in a population-based case-control study nested within a screening cohort in Sweden. Subjects were women 40-75 years old who participated in a screening program in central Sweden. Information about personal characteristics, diet, and alcohol intake was obtained by a questionnaire sent out at the invitation to the screening interview and at a supplementary interview conducted among a sample of women who did and did not develop breast cancer. Alcohol intake did not affect breast cancer risk among women under 50 years old. However, among those over 50 years of age, ever-drinking conferred a relative risk of 1.8 (95% confidence interval = 1.2-2.6). Current and former drinkers had similar increases in risk. No particular latent period of alcohol effect was identified, but drinking later in life to have a bigger effect than did drinking earlier in life.
|
|
| 2. |
- Lambe, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Childbearing and the risk of Hodgkin's disease
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 7:9, s. 831-834
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The causes of Hodgkin's disease remain incompletely known, but a higher incidence in men than in women has prompted an interest in the role of female sex hormones and reproductive history. Available epidemiological data are, however, contradictory. We analyzed possible associations between parity, age at first birth, and the risk of developing Hodgkin's disease by a linkage between the Swedish Cancer Register and a nationwide Fertility Register. Among women born between 1925 and 1972, 917 cases with Hodgkin's disease and concomitant fertility information were identified. For each case patient, five age-matched controls were randomly selected among women in the Fertility Register. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios of Hodgkin's disease associated with a birth. We found a slightly and nonsignificantly reduced risk of Hodgkin's disease in ever-parous compared with nulliparous women. Among parous women, the number of children was unrelated to risk, whereas there was some evidence of an increased risk with late age at first birth in women under age 45 at diagnosis. No clear temporal relations between childbearing and subsequent risk were discernible in any parity or age group. Although uncontrolled confounding might have affected our results, they do not indicate that hormonal or immunological changes associated with childbearing play a role in the development of Hodgkin's disease.
|
|
| 3. |
- Lindblad, Per, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
-
Diet and risk of renal cell cancer : a population-based case-control study
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - Philadelphia, USA : American Association for Cancer Research. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 6:4, s. 215-223
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a few previous studies on diet and renal cell cancer, an inconsistent positive association with meat, milk, and protein and a negative association with vegetable and fruit consumption have been found. Whereas earlier studies have dealt with recent diet only, our study explored the effect of foods consumed both during the usual adult lifetime and 20 years prior to interview. The study included 379 individuals with incident histologically verified renal cell cancer and 350 control subjects residing in eight counties in Sweden between June 1989 and December 1991. Usual adult dietary intake and dietary habits 20 years prior to interview were assessed by a structured face-to-face interview and a self-administered questionnaire, respectively. Odds ratios were estimated through unconditional logistic regression. We have not observed an association of renal cell cancer with milk or total meat consumption per se; however, frequent intake of fried/sauteed meat increased the risk of renal cell cancer by about 60%; frequent consumption of poultry was also associated with an increased risk (P for trend, 0.05). A significantly protective effect on risk of renal cell cancer was observed with increasing consumption of fruit (P for trend, 0.05). When analyzed by smoking status, total fruit and especially citrus fruit consumption among nonsmokers showed an even stronger protective effect; the highest quartiles of total fruit, apple, and citrus fruit consumption entailed a 50-60% reduction in risk of renal cell cancer compared with the lowest quartiles. There was a suggestion of a protective effect of high total vegetable consumption. A protective effect of vitamin C and alpha-tocopherol was also more pronounced in nonsmokers (P for trend, 0.004 and 0.007, respectively). Our study adds to the evidence that diet may have an important role in the etiology of renal cell cancer.
|
|
| 4. |
- Titus-Ernstoff, Linda, et al.
(författare)
-
Factors associated with atypical nevi : A population-based study
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 7:3, s. 207-210
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We conducted a case-control study to identify factors associated with the presence of clinically atypical nevi. Potential participants were selected, using a two-staged sampling scheme, from a population-based cohort of 50,000 Swedish women who had responded to a previous health survey questionnaire. Of 500 women sampled for study recruitment, 400 (80%) agreed to participate. Study participants underwent a physician-conducted skin examination, which identified 130 women who had at least one clinically atypical nevus (cases) and 270 women without these lesions (controls). The physician-conducted skin examination also assessed women for benign nevus counts; other risk factor information was based upon responses to a health survey questionnaire. We found a strong and highly statistically significant relationship between number of benign nevi and the presence of at least one clinically atypical nevus (P < 0.0001). Women with 100 or more benign nevi had a 26-fold increased likelihood of having an atypical nevus. We noted statistically significant interactions between number of benign nevi and other factors of interest; thus, the results are reported separately for women with low (<50) or high (> or =50) counts of benign nevi. Among women with low counts of benign nevi, the likelihood of having an atypical nevus increased with degree of freckling; there was also a suggested role for early sun exposure. Among women with high counts of benign nevi, difficulty tanning and lack of peeling sunburns between ages 10 and 19 appeared to increase the likelihood of case status; our data also suggested an inverse relationship between parity and atypical nevi in this subgroup.
|
|
| 5. |
- Voskuil, D W, et al.
(författare)
-
Assessing the human intake of heterocyclic amines : Limited loss of information using reduced sets of questions
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 8:9, s. 809-814
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate loss of information from a reduced food frequency questionnaire as compared with an extensive reference method developed to assess the intake of heterocyclic amines (HCAs), Food frequency data were linked to concentrations of HCAs in cooked foods to estimate the individual daily exposure to a combination of five HCAs. The number of food items in the questionnaire was reduced and selected in three ways: (a) according to the contribution to the estimated total intake; (b) the between-person variance; or (c) dishes included in other studies. The effect on sensitivity, specificity, concordance, the correlation coefficient, kappa, and simulated relative risks was determined using information from a population-based study conducted in Stockholm. Only a limited amount of misclassification was introduced when the number of dishes was reduced from 39 to 15 or 20, and no major difference was seen when dishes were selected according to the total intake or the between-person variance. Our data indicate that for a specific exposure, such as HCAs, the loss of accuracy in an analytical epidemiological study is small and may not be relevant when the number of dishes in a food frequency questionnaire is decreased, if the initially chosen dishes are carefully selected and cover a reasonable part of the total intake or between-person variance.
|
|
| 6. |
- Yngveson, A, et al.
(författare)
-
p53 Mutations in lung cancer associated with residential radon exposure.
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 8:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unusual mutation patterns in lung tumors among underground miners have been indicated, suggesting radon-specific alterations in the genome, but the data are not consistent. To investigate the association between residential radon exposure and p53 mutations in lung tumors, we performed a study on cases from a nation-wide population-based investigation in Sweden. Our study included 83 nonsmoking lung cancer cases and 250 smoking lung cancer cases, diagnosed 1980-1984, with a time-weighted average radon exposure over 140 Bq/m3 or up to 50 Bq/m3. Radon was measured in dwellings occupied by the study subjects at some time since 1947. Information on smoking habits and other risk factors was obtained from questionnaires. After exclusions because of the initiation of treatment or insufficient material, the p53-status of 243 tumors was determined using PCR-single-stranded conformation polymorphism analysis and sequencing determination of exons 5-8. The overall mutation prevalence was 23.9%. An increased mutation prevalence was suggested among those with high exposure to residential radon [odds ratio (OR), 1.4; 95% CI, 0.7-2.6], especially among nonsmokers (OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 0.7-15.5), but no specific mutational pattern was indicated. Furthermore, the mutation prevalence seemed to be higher among smoking lung cancer cases than among nonsmoking cases (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 0.9-5.0), and particularly among those smoking less than 10 cigarettes per day. It may be concluded that residential exposure to radon seems to contribute to a higher mutation prevalence of the p53 gene in lung tumors.
|
|
| 7. |
- ANDERSSON, SO, et al.
(författare)
-
EARLY-LIFE RISK-FACTORS FOR PROSTATE-CANCER - A POPULATION-BASED CASE-CONTROL STUDY IN SWEDEN
- 1995
-
Ingår i: CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION. - : AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH. - 1055-9965. ; 4:3, s. 187-192
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We undertook a population-based case-control study to investigate early life risk factors for prostate cancer. Information on dietary habits during childhood and adolescence, childhood environment, pubertal development, and physical activity was collected
|
|
| 8. |
- Andersson, SO, et al.
(författare)
-
Lifestyle factors and prostate cancer risk: A case-control study in Sweden
- 1996
-
Ingår i: CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION. - : AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH. - 1055-9965. ; 5:7, s. 509-513
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined associations between lifestyle factors and subsequent risk of prostate cancer in a population-based case-control study, Information on smoking and alcohol habits, socioeconomic factors, marital status, family history, and sexual habits were ob
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
