| 1. |
- Alkan Olsson, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Turkey’s signature of the Kyoto protocol
- 2012
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Ingår i: İstanbul Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi. - 1303-1260. ; :47, s. 1-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In May 2004 Turkey became a party to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. In February 2009, in a time when the Protocol’s first commitment period comes to an end, Turkey also became a party to the Kyoto Protocol. The aim of this article is twofold: first, to identify the diverse factors that lie behind Turkey’s late ratification of the Kyoto Protocol, and second, to discuss in which way Turkey’s case confirms theoretical explanations regarding ratifications of international agreements. The empirical material of this article consist of interviews with some of the prevailing actors in the climate change policy area in Turkey, websites of the relevant ministries, parliamentary discussions, and the media. The article shows that while the perceived economic cost of the Protocol was the most important reason for Turkey to refrain signing it until 2009, the expected profit of the European Union membership appears as being the single most important cause for Turkey’s change of position. The article agrees that although the theories of international environmental agreements are complementary rather than mutually exclusive it nevertheless contends that the institutionalist theory offers a more encompassing explanation as to why Turkey has joined the Kyoto Protocol.
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| 2. |
- Alkan Olsson, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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A model-supported participatory process for nutrient management: a socio-legal analysis of a bottom-up implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1473-5903 .- 1747-762X. ; 9:2, s. 379-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A methodology for local stakeholders' involvement in water management using a catchment model as a platform for dialogue has been developed and tested in the Kaggebo Bay drainage area in the southeast of Sweden. The process involved farmers, rural households not connected to municipal wastewater treatment facilities, local and regional authorities as well as different water and agricultural experts. This paper aims to assess whether and how the methodology has succeeded in encouraging social learning and promoting action and which barriers can be identified. The assessment shows that the methodology is able to create confidence in the process and increase the willingness to act as the methodology was able to adapt the form and content of the dialogue to better fit the cognitive and relational needs of involved stakeholders. It is also shown that the process may lead to a probable improvement of the eutrophication situation. However, if these types of processes are to serve not only as a basis for social learning and action at the local level, but also as the basis for a broader process of societal learning, then a mechanism to confer local ideas to the regional and national levels has to be clarified.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Alkan Olsson, Johanna
(författare)
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What role for soft law in building and developing the climate change regime?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Yeditepe University Faculty of Law. - 1303-4650. ; 8:1, s. 1-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to portray the increasingly complex normative structure of international climate change regime, which consists of the 1992 UN Framework Convention on Cimate Change, the 1997 Kyoto Protocol as well as other additional elements that playing a role, such as the practices of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the Global Environmental Facility and procedures of these institutions. The paper is composed of three parts. The first part defines three key concepts, used extensively in this paper. Part two discusses factors promoting the increasing use of soft law in international environmental management in general and climate change regime in particular and overviews the international legal foundations on which the climate change regime is built. Part three briefly analysis of the normstructure of the CCR, including the reporting, review and non-compliance mechanisms as well as the fJexibility mechanisms that this regime lays down. The paper concludes that both hard and soft law, may have diffirential efficts on both rule development and effictive implementation of climate change rules depending mainly on three factors: 'political saliency', 'the perceived state of scientific knowledge', and 'the bargaining power of the states' that favour either hard or respectively soft law.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Lotta, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Use of participatory scenario modeling as platforms in stakeholder dialogues
- 2010
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Ingår i: Hydrocomplexity : New Tools for Solving Wicked Water Problems - New Tools for Solving Wicked Water Problems. - 0144-7815. - 9781907161117
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Water related problems are characterized by complexities, uncertainties, and conflicting interests and there is no single “optimal” way to approach these “wicked” problems. Model-assisted participatory processes have been suggested as one way to meet these challenges. However, the use of models as ascenario tools for local planning of mitigation and adaptation strategies addressing environmental challenges is more often an exception than a common practice. In order to assess future possibilities for successful useof participatory scenario modelling, experiences from two model-facilitated projects are presented and discussed. The participatory scenario modelling described in this paper, implies modelling with people, as opposed to agent based modelling which is based on modelling of people’s behaviour and its consequences. In the first project, a participatory model-assisted process was conducted to formulate a locally proposed remedy plan to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus loads in local lakes and the coastal zone. In the second project, a similar process was used to formulate local adaptation strategies to climate change impacts on water allocation, farming and the environment. Based on the experiences of these projects; recommendations are made to how model-assisted participatory processes can best be organised and conducted. A key message is that modellers need to rethink their role as “solution providers” to become “process facilitators”.
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| 6. |
- Armah, Frederick A., et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of legal framework for corporate environmental behaviour and perceptions of residents in mining communities in Ghana
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1360-0559 .- 0964-0568. ; 54:2, s. 193-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper examines the laws and policies that regulate corporate environmental practices in Ghana, with an emphasis on mining. In particular, the analysis of the legal and regulatory framework examines the extent to which it meets international best practices and standards of corporate conduct and the extent to which self-regulatory mechanisms are accommodated under the framework. This was accomplished through reviews of mining and water related Acts, laws and relevant Statutes on corporate environmental practices in Ghana. Ethnographic qualitative research was carried out and key tools utilised included participant observations, focus group discussions and interviews. Interview data captured community members' perceptions on impacts of mining in 12 host communities. Key findings indicate that most respondents have negative perceptions about the socio-economic and environmental impacts of mining and where corporate environmental governance codes exist, enforcement mechanisms are not very well laid out, a situation which reflects weak regulatory institutions in the mining sector. Further, the legal and regulatory regime for environmental governance has failed to come up to international best practices. While government has an important role to play in the area of providing the legal framework for enhancing best practice standards in corporate environmental governance, it appears that the ultimate responsibility for sound environmental behaviour still lies with corporations themselves.
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| 7. |
- Bäcklund, Ann-Katrin, et al.
(författare)
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Case Study Report: Kalmar County
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The content of this report is a Deliverable of the FP7 project RUFUS (Rural Future Networks) concerning the Swedish case studies that have been conducted within the project. Two regions in the south of Sweden – the counties of Kronoberg and Kalmar – have been studied in order to find out how social and economic development strategies are enacted in these rural regions. This report concerns Kalmar County. The aim of the study has been to discover how different sectoral policies are taken into account in the planning system and how the political actors and administrations are helped or hindered by the EU funding system in their work towards a sustainable future of the regions.
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| 8. |
- Bäcklund, Ann-Katrin, et al.
(författare)
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Case Study Report: Kronoberg County
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The content of this report is a Deliverable of the FP7 project RUFUS (Rural Future Networks) concerning the Swedish case studies that have been conducted within the project. Two regions in the south of Sweden – the counties of Kronoberg and Kalmar – have been studied in order to find out how social and economic development strategies are enacted in these rural regions. This report concerns Kronoberg County. The aim of the study has been to discover how different sectoral policies are taken into account in the planning system and how the political actors and administrations are helped or hindered by the EU funding system in their work towards a sustainable future of the regions.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- De Kaminski, Marcin, et al.
(författare)
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Studying Norms and Social Change in a Digital Age: Identifying and Understanding a Multidimensional Gap Problem
- 2013
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Ingår i: Social and Legal Norms: Towards a Socio-legal Understanding of Normativity. - 9781409453437 ; , s. 309-330
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fact that the debate concerning copyright in a digital society has been both intense and filled with polemic conflicts ever since the late 1990s makes it clear that it is a most complicated issue to solve, or even grasp. Basically, both the legal and societal discussion and development are explicitly dependent on a greater understanding of the on-going processes surrounding copyright. This presents a well-suited point of departure for research such as the one conducted within the Cybernorms research group – both in terms of providing valuable insights into the field of sociology of law when it comes to understanding how to relate to the framework provided by digitalization in general and the Internet in particular, and in terms of providing more accurate knowledge and toolsets to legislators in related fields.
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