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- Hagopian, William A., et al.
(författare)
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Glutamate decarboxylase-, insulin-, and islet cell-antibodies and HLA typing to detect diabetes in a general population-based study of Swedish children
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Investigation. - 0021-9738. ; 95:4, s. 1505-1511
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most autoimmune diabetes occurs in those without a diabetic relative, but few cases are identifiable prospectively. To model general population prediction, 491 consecutive newly diabetic children from all of Sweden were tested for autoantibodies to glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65ab), insulin (IAA), and islet cells (ICA), and for HLA-DQ genotypes by PCR; 415 matched control children were tested in parallel. GAD65ab sensitivity/specificity was 70/96%, versus 84/96% for ICA, 56/97% for IAA, 93/93% (any positive), 39/99.7% (all positive), and 41/99.7% (GAD65ab plus IAA). The latter's 25% predictive value was not improved by requiring concomitant high-risk HLA genotypes. GAD65ab were associated with DQA1*0501/B1*0201 (DQ2; P = 0.007) but not DQA1*0301/B1*0302 (DQ8), and IAA with DQA1*0301/B1*0302 (DQ8; P = 0.03) but not DQA1*0501/B1*0201 (DQ2). GAD65ab were more prevalent in females than males (79 vs. 63%; P < 0.0001) but did not vary with onset age nor season. Combining the three antibody assays yielded sufficient sensitivity for screening. GADab were relatively sensitive/specific for diabetes, but even with HLA marker combinations yielded predictive values insufficient for early immunointervention in the low-prevalence general population.
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- Hagopian, William A., et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative assay using recombinant human islet glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) shows that 64K autoantibody positivity at onset predicts diabetes type
- 1993
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Investigation. - 0021-9738. ; 91:1, s. 368-374
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- At and before onset, most insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM) have islet GAD65 autoantibodies (GAD65Ab). Since IDDM also occurs in older patients where non-insulin-dependent diabetes is common, we studied GAD65Ab at onset to classify diabetes type. Our quantitative immunoprecipitation assay uses recombinant human islet GAD65 stably expressed in hamster fibroblasts. Electrophoretic mobility was identical to native islet GAD65. Like native antigen, recombinant GAD65 migrated as two bands during electrophoresis, but converted to one under stronger reduction. Immunoprecipitation was linear with respect to antibody or antigen concentration. In 120 population-based diabetic patients of all ages grouped by treatment at onset and after 18 mo, GAD65Ab were present in 70% on insulin (n = 37), 10% on oral agent (n = 62, P < 0.0001), 69% changing from oral agent to insulin (n = 16, P < 0.001), and 1 of 33 controls. 65% with GAD65Ab, versus 8% without, changed from oral agent to insulin (P < 0.01). The GAD65Ab quantitative index was remarkably stable, and only 2 of 32 patients changed antibody status during follow-up. Concordance between GAD65Ab and islet cell antibodies was 93%. Quantitative correlation was approximate but significant. This highly sensitive, quantitative, high capacity assay for GAD65Ab reveals treatment requirements better than clinical criteria, perhaps guiding immunomodulatory therapy.
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- Holmgren, Allan, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of pinosylvins in solid wood of Scots pine using Fourier transform Raman and infrared spectroscopy
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of wood chemistry and technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0277-3813 .- 1532-2319. ; 19:1-2, s. 139-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared (DRIFT) and near infrared (NIR) FT-Raman spectroscopy were used to detect pinosylvins in the wood of Pinus sylvestris L. trees. NIR FT-Raman spectroscopy offered the possibility of revealing pinosylvins simply by visual inspection of Raman spectra whereas DRIFT spectra needed a more complicated evaluation. Pinosylvin and resin acids from Scots pine were examined as to the possibility of their being the cause of observed spectral differences between sapwood and heartwood. Since pinosylvins are important compounds for the decay resistance of Scots pine wood, the detection of pinosylvins with Raman spectroscopy might be used to assess durability of wood products.
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- Holmgren, Allan, et al.
(författare)
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SER spectra analysis of molecules with D-3h and D-6h symmetry groups
- 1998
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Ingår i: Pure and Applied Optics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0963-9659. ; 7:1, s. 115-117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On the basis of the theory of SER spectra, proposed in a previous paper, the SER spectra of 1,3,5-trifluorobenzene, 1,3,5-trideuteriobenzene, benzene and hexafluorobenzene are analysed. It is demonstrated that the bands, caused by the totally symmetric modes and by the mode transforming as the d(z) moment experience large enhancement. The existence of a large number of forbidden bands in the SER spectra is pointed out. Some anomalies in the enhanced spectra are explained by qualitative ideas and by the 'interference phenomenon' of various contributions. It is pointed out that all the observed lines and regularities of the SER spectra can be explained within the framework of the quadrupole and dipole electrodynamical mechanism of the enhancement.
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- Jenkins, A., et al.
(författare)
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HYDROLOGY
- 1994
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Ingår i: BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF SMALL CATCHMENTS. - 0471937231 ; , s. 31-54
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Lund, Allan A.
(författare)
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Lidt om arkæologi og racisme
- 1996
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Ingår i: Tor. - Uppsala : Uppsala universitet. - 0495-8772. ; 28, s. 357-360
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Nilsson, A., et al.
(författare)
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An FTIR study of the hydration and molecular ordering at phase transitions in the monooleoylglycerol/water system
- 1994
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Ingår i: Chemistry and Physics of Lipids. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-3084 .- 1873-2941. ; 71:2, s. 119-131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The liquid-crystalline phases of monooleoylglycerol and water have been investigated by FTIR spectroscopy. The use of polarized IR radiation made it possible to obtain the order parameters of transition moments in the lipid molecule. The order parameters as a function of the temperature and water content have been studied for the lamellar liquid-crystalline phase (L(α)). The decrease in the ordering of the C=O and C-O-CO stretching vibrations in the polar headgroup started earlier than for the CH=CH and CH2 stretching vibrations in the acyl chain region at the phase transition between lamellar and non-lamellar structures. The hydration of the ester carbonyl group increased with the water content. The ordering of the acyl chain decreases drastically in the two-phase regions, while it is nearly constant in the L(α) phase.
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