| 1. |
- Kattge, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
- 2020
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:1, s. 119-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
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| 2. |
- Becher, Christoph, et al.
(författare)
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High degree of consensus amongst an expert panel regarding focal resurfacing of chondral and osteochondral lesions of the femur with mini-implants
- 2023
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Ingår i: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. - : Springer Nature. - 0942-2056 .- 1433-7347. ; 31:9, s. 4027-4034
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The rationale for the use of mini-implants for partial resurfacing in the treatment of femoral chondral and osteochondral lesions is still under debate. The evidence supporting best practise guidelines is based on studies with low-level evidence. A consensus group of experts was convened to collaboratively advance towards consensus opinions regarding the best available evidence. The purpose of this article is to report the resulting consensus statements.Methods: Twenty-five experts participated in a process based on the Delphi method of achieving consensus. Questions and statements were drafted via an online survey of two rounds, for initial agreement and comments on the proposed statements. An in-person meeting between the panellists was organised during the 2022 ESSKA congress to further discuss and debate each of the statements. A final agreement was made via a final online survey a few days later. The strength of consensus was characterised as: consensus, 51–74% agreement; strong consensus, 75–99% agreement; unanimous, 100% agreement.Results: Statements were developed in the fields of patient assessment and indications, surgical considerations and postoperative care. Between the 25 statements that were discussed by this working group, 18 achieved unanimous, whilst 7 strong consensus.Conclusion: The consensus statements, derived from experts in the field, represent guidelines to assist clinicians in decision-making for the appropriate use of mini-implants for partial resurfacing in the treatment of femoral chondral and osteochondral lesions. Level of evidence: Level V.
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| 3. |
- Becher, Christoph, et al.
(författare)
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High degree of consensus amongst an expert panel regarding focal resurfacing of chondral and osteochondral lesions of the femur with mini-implants
- 2023
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Ingår i: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. - : Springer Nature. - 0942-2056 .- 1433-7347. ; 31:9, s. 4027-4034
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The rationale for the use of mini-implants for partial resurfacing in the treatment of femoral chondral and osteochondral lesions is still under debate. The evidence supporting best practise guidelines is based on studies with low-level evidence. A consensus group of experts was convened to collaboratively advance towards consensus opinions regarding the best available evidence. The purpose of this article is to report the resulting consensus statements. Methods: Twenty-five experts participated in a process based on the Delphi method of achieving consensus. Questions and statements were drafted via an online survey of two rounds, for initial agreement and comments on the proposed statements. An in-person meeting between the panellists was organised during the 2022 ESSKA congress to further discuss and debate each of the statements. A final agreement was made via a final online survey a few days later. The strength of consensus was characterised as: consensus, 51–74% agreement; strong consensus, 75–99% agreement; unanimous, 100% agreement. Results: Statements were developed in the fields of patient assessment and indications, surgical considerations and postoperative care. Between the 25 statements that were discussed by this working group, 18 achieved unanimous, whilst 7 strong consensus. Conclusion: The consensus statements, derived from experts in the field, represent guidelines to assist clinicians in decision-making for the appropriate use of mini-implants for partial resurfacing in the treatment of femoral chondral and osteochondral lesions. Level of evidence: Level V.
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| 4. |
- Beckmann, Kerri, et al.
(författare)
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Spironolactone use is associated with lower prostate cancer risk : a population-wide case-control study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 1365-7852 .- 1476-5608. ; 23:3, s. 527-533
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Spironolactone, a cheap effective diuretic used to manage hypertension and heart failure, also has anti-androgenic effects through its non-selective binding to steroid receptors, and hence may affect prostate cancer (PCa) risk. This study investigated the association between spironolactone use and PCa risk. For comparison, we also examined associations with thiazide diuretics which do not have anti-androgenic properties. Methods A matched case-control study was undertaken using population-wide data from the Prostate Cancer Data Base Sweden (PCBaSe). All PCa cases diagnosed from 2014 to 2016 were matched by birth year and county with PCa-free controls selected from the general population (1:5). Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to examine associations between spironolactone use (dose and duration) and PCa risk, and similarly for thiazides. Results Three percent of the 31,591 cases and 4% of the 156,802 controls had been prescribed spironolactone. Multivariable analyses indicated reduced risk of PCa among those ever exposed to spironolactone (odds ratio [OR] 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76-0.89), with a stronger association for current users (OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.69-0.86) than past users (OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.79-0.97) and decreasing risk with increasing dose (p-trend < 0.001). No association was observed for thiazide exposure and PCa risk. Biases due to differences in prescribing patterns or frequency of PSA testing may have influenced these findings. Conclusion PCa risk was reduced among men exposed to the diuretic spironolactone. Further investigation of spironolactone's potential chemopreventive effects is warranted.
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| 5. |
- Bidola, Pidassa M., et al.
(författare)
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A high-speed X-ray Radiography Setup for in-situ Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion at PETRA III
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components XVIII. - : SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A high-energy white synchrotron X-ray beam enables penetration of relatively thick and highly absorbing samples. At the P61A White Beam Engineering Materials Science Beamline, operated by Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon at the PETRA III ring of the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), a tailored X-ray radiography system has been developed to perform in-situ X-ray imaging experiments at high temporal resolution, taking advantage of the unprecedented X-ray beam flux delivered by ten successive damping wigglers. The imaging system is equipped with an ultrahigh-speed camera (Phantom v2640) enabling acquisition rates up to 25 kHz at maximal resolution and binned mode. The camera is coupled with optical magnification (5x, 10x) and focusing lenses to enable imaging with a pixel size of 1,35 micrometre. The scintillator screens are housed in a special nitrogen gas cooling environment to withstand the heat load induced by the beam, allowing spatial resolution to be optimized down to few micrometres. We present the current state of the system development, implementation and first results of in situ investigations, especially of the electron beam powder bed fusion (PBF-EB) process, where the details of the mechanism of crack and pore formation during processing of different powder materials, e.g. steels and Ni-based alloys, is not yet known.
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| 6. |
- Ostaszewski, Marek, et al.
(författare)
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COVID19 Disease Map, a computational knowledge repository of virus-host interaction mechanisms
- 2021
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Ingår i: Molecular Systems Biology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1744-4292 .- 1744-4292. ; 17:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We need to effectively combine the knowledge from surging literature with complex datasets to propose mechanistic models of SARS-CoV-2 infection, improving data interpretation and predicting key targets of intervention. Here, we describe a large-scale community effort to build an open access, interoperable and computable repository of COVID-19 molecular mechanisms. The COVID-19 Disease Map (C19DMap) is a graphical, interactive representation of disease-relevant molecular mechanisms linking many knowledge sources. Notably, it is a computational resource for graph-based analyses and disease modelling. To this end, we established a framework of tools, platforms and guidelines necessary for a multifaceted community of biocurators, domain experts, bioinformaticians and computational biologists. The diagrams of the C19DMap, curated from the literature, are integrated with relevant interaction and text mining databases. We demonstrate the application of network analysis and modelling approaches by concrete examples to highlight new testable hypotheses. This framework helps to find signatures of SARS-CoV-2 predisposition, treatment response or prioritisation of drug candidates. Such an approach may help deal with new waves of COVID-19 or similar pandemics in the long-term perspective.
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| 7. |
- Westerberg, Marcus, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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Choice of imputation method for missing metastatic status affected estimates of metastatic prostate cancer incidence.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. - : Elsevier. - 0895-4356 .- 1878-5921. ; 155, s. 22-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To study how handling missing data on M stage in a clinical cancer register affects estimates of incidence of metastatic prostate cancer.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Estimates of age-standardized incidence of metastatic prostate cancer were obtained by use of data in a population-based clinical cancer register in Sweden and using four methods for imputation of missing M stage. Adjusted survival was used to compare men with known and imputed M stage.RESULTS: The proportion of men with missing M stage was high (66%) and varied according to risk group and over calendar time. The estimated incidence of metastatic disease varied depending on imputation method, with all methods indicating a decreasing incidence over time. A combination of deterministic imputation and multiple imputation produced adjusted survival curves for men with imputed M stage that best resembled the survival for men with known M stage.CONCLUSIONS: Plausible estimates of incidence of metastatic prostate cancer in clinical cancer registers can be obtained by use of a combination of deterministic imputation of missing M stage and multiple imputation.
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