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| 2. |
- Bergenholtz, Gunnar, 1939, et al.
(författare)
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Sveriges ledande position inom odontologisk forskning hotas
- 2003
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Ingår i: Tandläkartidn. ; 9, s. 60-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nationella samordningsgruppens aktiviteter syftar till att: - identifiera forskningsmiljöer som kan stärkas genom nationell koordinering - sammanföra yngre forskare från olika forskningsmiljöer - sammanföra etablerade forskare men yngre forskare - stimulera till forskningssamarbete på ett nationellt plan
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| 3. |
- Ernberg, M, et al.
(författare)
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Examina och utbildning inom svensk odontologisk forskning
- 2003
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Ingår i: Tandläkartidn. ; 95:9, s. 54-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En internationell utvärdering visade för några år sedan att Sverige riskerar att förlora sin position som världsledande nation inom odontologisk forskning. För att få en uppfattning om förändringarna inom forskarutbildningen och den postdoktorala meriteringen samlades data för 1990-2001 in från fakulteterna, Statistiska Centralbyrån samt Högskoleverket. Avsikten var att undersöka antalet forskarutbildade tandläkare, mångfalden bland doktoranderna och de som disputerat samt deras nuvarande anställningsform. Materialet jämfördes sedan med tidigare data. I medeltal avlade 25 personer per år doktorsexamen åren 1990-2001. Antalet har minskat under senare år. En majoritet av dem som avlade doktorsexamen hade odontologisk bakgrund. Relativt få har meriterat sig för en fortsatt akademisk karriär. 32 studerande påbörjade forskarutbildning åren 1991-2001. Andelen doktorander med annan akademisk grundexamen än odontologisk ökar. Sedan 1999 har forskningsvolymen minskat med motsvarande en hel fakultets forskningsvolym. Vi drar därför slutsatsen att kunskapsutvecklingen inom svensk odontologi riskerar att stagnera samt att fakulteternas behov av lärare till högre akademiska tjänster liksom folktandvårdens behov av handledare inom specialistutbildningen inte kommer att kunna tillgodoses i framtiden.
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| 4. |
- Bergenholtz, Gunnar, 1939, et al.
(författare)
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Controversies in endodontics.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. - 1544-1113. ; 15:2, s. 99-114
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diseases of the dental pulp often have an infectious origin, and treatments are aimed to control infections of the root canal system. Endodontic treatment principles originally evolved on the basis of trial and error, and only in recent decades have scientific methods been adopted to support clinical strategies. Yet, relevant research on the disease processes, their diagnoses, and efficient treatment are rare in the endodontic literature. Hence, the advancement of biologically based knowledge significant to clinical endodontics has been slow. Therefore, many differences of opinion still prevail in this field of dentistry. This review highlights and analyzes the background of some of the more heavily debated issues in recent years. Specifically, it deals with disagreements regarding the clinical management of pulpal exposures by caries in the adult dentition, definitions of success and failure of endodontic therapy, and causes of and measures to control infections of the root canal system. Clearly, a most apparent gap in the published endodontic literature is the lack of randomized clinical trials that address the more significant controversial matters relating to the management of pulpal wounds, medication, and the number of appointments required for the treatment of infected root canals. However, trials in endodontics require extremely long follow-up periods if valid conclusions are to be generated. Therefore, it is not to be expected that there will be rapid solutions to these issues in the foreseeable future.
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| 5. |
- Gesi, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Pulpectomy - studies on outcome
- 2003
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Ingår i: Endodontic Topics. - : Wiley. - 1601-1538 .- 1601-1546. ; 5, s. 57-70
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Hasséus, Bengt, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Langerhans cells from human oral epithelium are more effective at stimulating allogeneic T cells in vitro than Langerhans cells from skin.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Clinical and experimental immunology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0009-9104 .- 1365-2249. ; 136:3, s. 483-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report is focused on the functional capacity of Langerhans cells (LC) in the epithelium of skin and oral mucosa, which both meet different antigenic challenges. The capacity of LC from human oral and skin epithelium to provide co-stimulatory signals to T cells in vitro was compared. LC in a crude suspension of oral epithelial cells had a significantly enhanced T cell co-stimulatory capacity compared to skin epithelial cells. This applied both to cultures with concanavalin A (con-A)-stimulated syngeneic T cells and to a mixed epithelial cell lymphocyte reaction involving allogeneic T cells. The co-stimulatory capacity of oral and skin epithelial cells was reduced by >70% if monoclonal antibodies against HLA-DR, -DP and -DQ were added to the cultures with allogeneic T cells, indicating the involvement of HLA class II expressing LC. Immunohistochemistry revealed that 6% of the epithelial cells were CD1a + LC in sections from both oral and skin epithelium. Interleukin (IL)-8 production was higher in cultures of oral epithelial cells and con-A stimulated T cells than in corresponding cultures with skin epithelial cells as accessory cells. The results suggest that LC in human oral epithelium are more efficient at stimulating T cells than those of skin.
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| 7. |
- Hasséus, Bengt, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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T-cell costimulatory capacity of oral and skin epithelial cells in vitro: presence of suppressive activity in supernatants from skin epithelial cell cultures.
- 2004
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Ingår i: European journal of oral sciences. - 0909-8836. ; 112:1, s. 48-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oral Langerhans cells (LC) have better T-cell costimulatory capacity than skin LC. In this study factors affecting this capacity have been assessed in a mixed epithelial cell lymphocyte reaction (MELR) assay. Flow cytometry analysis of freshly recovered cells revealed major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecule expression on 7.5% of the oral epithelial cells and 9.7% of the skin epithelial cells. Monoclonal anti class II antibodies significantly reduced the T-cell proliferation in the MELR. Pretreatment of skin epithelial cells with interleukin-1beta, tumour necrosis factor-alpha or interferon (IFN)-gamma did not affect the MELR proliferation, but incubation with IFNgamma significantly suppressed the T-cell response. Transfer of supernatants from cultures of skin epithelial cells and allogeneic T cells to cultures of oral epithelial cells and T cells resulted in a reduced T-cell proliferation while supernatants from oral epithelial cells and T cells did not reduce proliferation. The higher proliferation in cultures of T cells and oral epithelial cells than in cultures containing skin epithelial cells may be due to the presence of a suppressive factor in the skin epithelial cell suspensions.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Ricucci, D, et al.
(författare)
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Histologic features of apical periodontitis in human biopsies
- 2004
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Ingår i: Endodontic Topics. - : Wiley. - 1601-1538 .- 1601-1546. ; 8:1, s. 68-87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to exhibit some of the challenges a clinician may be faced with in the management of apical periodontitis associated with primary infected pulps. Histological sections of selected clinical cases are displayed to show variations in the location of the bacterial mass, features of the microbial–host tissue interface, advanced apical root resorption and radicular cyst formation. While a single case may only give a glimpse of the set of events that may prevail in apical periodontitis, histologic examination of human biopsy specimens, linked to clinical records, has nevertheless served as an important basis for our current understanding of its natural history.
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| 10. |
- Svensäter, G, et al.
(författare)
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Biofilms in endodontic infections
- 2004
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Ingår i: Endodontic Topics. - : Wiley. - 1601-1538 .- 1601-1546. ; 9:1, s. 27-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biofilm biology has become an expanding field of research in human, industrial and environmental ecosystems. The knowledge accumulated suggests that organisms growing in biofilms develop properties different to those dwelling in the planktonic state. On surveying the endodontic literature it is obvious that this realization and the fact that biofilms afford the resident microorganisms protection/resistance against harmful exogeneous influences including anti-microbial agents, is rather new to endodontology. Hence, the conditions under which biofilms occur in endodontic infections, and the measures that ought to be taken for their eradication, are not well understood. In this review the biofilm concept is presented and how it may apply to endodontic infections is discussed.
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