| 1. |
- Bergström, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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A comprehensive workplace intervention and its outcome with regard to lifestyle, health and sick leave : the AHA study
- 2008
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 31:2, s. 167-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is a prospective multicentre cohort study entitled Work and Health in the Processing and Engineering Industries, the AHA Study (AHA is the Swedish abbreviation for the study). Four large workplaces in Sweden participated during the years from 2000 to 2003. The present report has two objectives: (1) to present a comprehensive occupational health intervention programme and (2) to evaluate this programme with a focus on lifestyle (smoking and exercise), health related quality of life (HRQoL) and sick leave. Interventions were provided on an individual and group level, including evidence-based methods for four health/focus areas (individual level) and a group intervention based on a survey-feedback methodology. The analyses in this report were exclusively employed at an organizational level. The proportion of smokers decreased at three companies and the course of the HRQoL was advantageous at two of the companies as compared to a gainfully employed reference group. A significant decrease in sick leave was revealed at one company, whereas a break in an ascending sick-leave trend appeared at a second company as compared to their respective corporate groups. This comprehensive workplace intervention programme appears to have had positive effects on smoking habits, HRQoL and sick leave.
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| 2. |
- Blom, Victoria, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic susceptibility to burnout in a Swedish twin cohort
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 27:3, s. 225-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most previous studies of burnout have focused on work environmental stressors, while familial factors so far mainly have been overlooked. The aim of the study was to estimate the relative importance of genetic influences on burnout (measured with Pines Burnout Measure) in a sample of monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) Swedish twins. The study sample consisted of 20,286 individuals, born 1959–1986 from the Swedish twin registry who participated in the cross-sectional study of twin adults: genes and environment. Probandwise concordance rates (the risk for one twin to be affected given that his/her twin partner is affected by burnout) and within pair correlations were calculated for MZ and DZ same—and opposite sexed twin pairs. Heritability coefficients i.e. the proportion of the total variance attributable to genetic factors were calculated using standard biometrical model fitting procedures. The results showed that genetic factors explained 33% of the individual differences in burnout symptoms in women and men. Environmental factors explained a substantial part of the variation as well and are thus important to address in rehabilitation and prevention efforts to combat burnout.
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| 3. |
- Blom, Victoria, et al.
(författare)
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The Importance of Genetic and Shared Environmental Factors for the Associations between Job Demands, Control, Support and Burnout.
- 2013
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Ingår i: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:9, s. e75387-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Within occupational health research, one of the most influential models is the Job Demands-Control-Support model. Numerous studies have applied the model to different domains, with both physical and psychological health outcomes, such as burnout. The twin design provides a unique and powerful research methodology for examining the effects of environmental risk factors on burnout while taking familial factors (genetic and shared environment) into account. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of familial factors on the associations of burnout with job demands, control and support. A total of 14 516 individuals from the Swedish Twin Registry, who were born between 1959 and 1986, and who participated in the Study of Twin Adults: Genes and Environment (STAGE) by responding to a web-based questionnaire in 2005, were included in the analyses. Of these, there were 5108 individuals in complete same-sex twin pairs. Co-twin control analyses were performed using linear mixed modeling, comparing between-pairs effects and within-pair effects, stratified also by zygosity and sex. The results indicate that familial factors are of importance in the association between support and burnout in both women and men, but not between job demands and burnout. There are also tendencies towards familial factors being involved in the association between control and burnout in men. These results offer increased understanding of the mechanisms involved in the associations between work stress and burnout.
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| 4. |
- Bodin Danielsson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Difference in satisfaction with office environment among employees in different office types
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Architectural and Planning Research. - 0738-0895. ; 26:3, s. 241-257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Differences between office types may have an influence on the employees' satisfaction and psychological responses with respect to different aspects of the office environment. For this study, 469 employees rated their perceptions of and satisfaction with the office environments of seven different office types, which were classified as cell-office, shared-room office, small open-plan office, medium open-plan office, large open-plan office, flex-office, and combi-office. Three domains of environmental factors were analyzed: (1) ambient factors, (2) noise and privacy, and (3) design-related factors. Employee responses were evaluated using multivariate logistic and Poisson regression., Adjustments were made for potential confounders such as age, gender job rank, and line of business. Substantial differences between employees in different office types were found The analysis of frequencies in complaints within the three domains shows that noise and privacy is the domain that causes the most dissatisfaction among office employees. Cell-office employees are most satisfied with the physical environment overall, followed by those in flex-office. However the results for cell-office are not uniformly best, since they score low with regard to the social aspects of design-related factors and, in particular on support of affinity. The most dissatisfaction is reported in medium and large open-plan offices, where the complaints about noise and lack of privacy are especially negative. Architectural and functional features of the offices are discussed as the main explanatory factors for these results.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bodin Danielsson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Office-type in Relation to Health, Well-being and Job Satisfaction Among Employees
- 2008
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Ingår i: Environment and Behavior. - : SAGE Publications. - 0013-9165 .- 1552-390X. ; 40, s. 636-668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates the hypothesis that office type has an influence on workers’ health status and job satisfaction and 469 employees in seven different types, defined by their unique setup of architectural and functional features, have rated their health status and job satisfaction. Multivariate regression models were used for analysis of these outcomes, with adjustment for age, gender, job rank, and line of business. Both health status and job satisfaction differed between the seven office types. Lowest health status was found in medium-sized and small open plan offices. Best health was among employees in cell offices and flex offices. Workers in these types of offices and in shared room offices also rated the highest job satisfaction. Lowest job satisfaction was in combi offices, followed by medium-sized open plan offices. The differences between employees could possibly be ascribed to variations in architectural and functional features of the office types.
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| 7. |
- Bodin Danielsson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Office type in relation to health, well-being, and job satisfaction among employees : Erratum
- 2010
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Ingår i: Environment and Behavior. - : Sage Publications. - 0013-9165 .- 1552-390X. ; 42:6, s. 887-887
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reports an error in "Office type in relation to health, well-being, and job satisfaction among employees" by Christina Bodin Danielsson and Lennart Bodin (Environment and Behavior, 2008[Sep], Vol 40[5], 636-668). In the original article, a symbol was missing from Table 7 on p. 654. In that table, an open circle ("o") should have been present to show that the odds ratio indicated low risk for having poor quality of sleep among those who worked in the flex office. The corrected table is present in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2008-12036-003). This article investigates the hypothesis that office type has an influence on workers' health status and job satisfaction and 469 employees in seven different types, defined by their unique setup of architectural and functional features, have rated their health status and job satisfaction. Multivariate regression models were used for analysis of these outcomes, with adjustment for age, gender, job rank, and line of business. Both health status and job satisfaction differed between the seven office types. Lowest health status was found in medium-sized and small open plan offices. Best health was among employees in cell offices and flex offices. Workers in these types of offices and in shared room offices also rated the highest job satisfaction. Lowest job satisfaction was in combi offices, followed by medium-sized open plan offices. The differences between employees could possibly be ascribed to variations in architectural and functional features of the office types. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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| 8. |
- Bodin Danielsson, Christina, 1969-
(författare)
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The Office - An Explorative Study : Architectural Design's Impact on Health, Job Satisfaction & Well-being
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This doctoral thesis examines the office environment’s influence on employees’ perception oftheir workplaces, their organizations and their job satisfaction, as well as their health and wellbeing.It is based on an empirical study of 491 office employees from twenty-six companies anddivisions in large companies. Seven office types, defined by their architectural and functionalfeatures, are represented in the study group: cell-office, shared-room office, small open planoffice, medium-sized open plan office, large open plan office, flex-office and combi-office. Theresearch has its basis in architecture, although an interdisciplinary approach using organizationaland management theory, environmental psychology, and social and stress medicine has beenemployed. Qualitative (Articles I & V) and quantitative methods(Articles II & IV) were used.The thesis also contains an explorative, review article. Thus it comprises all in all five articles.Article I is an analysis of the importance of architectural quality for employees´ perceptionand experience of the office using Lynch’s method (1960) developed to measure inhabitants’perception of architectural quality in cities. The study shows that in the office the experienceto a high degree is independent of both the scale of the office and office type; instead it isdetermined by the quality of the plan layout combined with the quality of other design features.It also shows Lynch’s method to be useful in foreseeing where the elements that reinforce‘imageability’ will most likely appear in an office environment.Article II investigates employees’ environmental satisfaction focusing on:1) ambient factors; 2) noise and privacy; and 3) design-related factors. The results, based onregression models with age, gender, job rank and line of business as additional covariates,show office type as a factor with a statistically significant impact on satisfaction with the officeenvironment. Employees in cell-offices are prominently most satisfied, followed by those inflex-offices, cell-offices rate low only on social aspects of design-related factors. A major findingis the internal differences between office types where employees share workspace and facilitieswith lowest satisfaction in medium-sized and large open plan offices.Article III is a review article that analyzes the employees’ office experiences in two ways:1) by framing the physical work environment’s influence on employees into the model oforganizational theorist Davis (1994); and 2) by categorizing the office experience into twogroups based on the nature of the experience and problems related to them. The results of theemperical study presented in Article II are the basis for the discussion in this article.Article IV examines employees’ health, well-being and job satisfaction. A multivariateanalysis applied to the study sample and equivalent to that of Article II shows significantly higherrisks for ill health and poor well-being in medium-sized and small open plan offices, comparedespecially with cell-office. In medium-sized open plan and combi-offices the employees evincethe lowest job satisfaction. The best chance for good health status and job satisfaction is in cellofficesand flex-offices.Article V examines the office architecture´s importance for employees’ perception of theirown workplaces and organizations based on the two key components of architecture—theaesthetical and functional dimensions. The results show that overall the employees had positiveexperiences of their office environments. These mainly concerned the aesthetical dimension,whereas the negative comments dealt with the functional dimension. The aesthetical dimensionappears not only to set the agenda for employees’ perception of the workplace and organizationas a whole, but also for the perception of the functional dimensions. The functional dimensionswere only in focus when the workstation and its proximate area were discussed.
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| 9. |
- Bodin Danielsson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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The relation between office type and workplace conflict : A gender and noise perspective
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Psychology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0272-4944 .- 1522-9610. ; 42, s. 161-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This exploratory study aimed to investigate the impact of the office design on workplace conflicts, with a special attention to noise in the office. A gender perspective was applied. The sample consisted of 5229 employees from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health 2010 (SLOSH), working in different office types. In the multivariate analysis office type was used as the explanatory variable with adjustments for age, supervisory position and labour market sector. Analysis stratified for gender was used. Among women a significant impact of office type per se on workplace conflicts was found, but not among men. For women several office types differed significantly from the cell-office with regard to prevalence of conflicts during the past two years, but for men only the combi-office differed from the cell-office. Noise had an impact on workplace conflicts, but is not the only explanatory factor since the effect of office type remained also after adjustment for noise in multivariate analyses. Other environmental factors inherent in the office type might thus explain the occurrence of conflicts.
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| 10. |
- Franzén, Lennart E., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of colon carcinoma growth pattern by computerized morphometry : definition of a complexity index
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Medicine. - : Spandidos Publications. - 1107-3756 .- 1791-244X. ; 22:4, s. 465-472
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The invasive front of carcinomas may vary in complexity from smooth to highly complex when the front splits up into small cell clusters or even single cancer cells. The degree of complexity is usually estimated visually and semiquantitatively by a pathologist, although more objective methods based on computer-assisted image analysis are available. In this study, we compared the visual estimation of the irregularity of the tumour invasion front of colon carcinomas to different quantitative image analytical techniques and defined a complexity index for the invasive margin. Sections from 29 archived colon carcinomas were stained immunohistochemically for cytokeratin 8. Images of the tumour invasion front were read into a computer and thresholded so that the tumour tissue became black and the background white or so that the tumour front was outlined by a single pixel line. The invasive front was visually classified into four degrees of irregularity by a pathologist. The complexity of the front was then assessed using four different image analysis techniques, i.e. the estimation of fractal dimension, tumour front length, number of tumour cell clusters and lacunarity. Fractal dimension and tumour cell clusters together gave the best correlation to visual grading using a discriminant analysis. A cluster analysis and a tree diagram analysis were then performed and were found to be superior to visual estimation. The clusters represent different degrees of complexity and the result of the tree diagram analysis can be used to assign complexity indices to colon tumours. The fractal dimension separated tumours up to a certain level (1.5-1.6) of complexity. When the tumour front split up into small cell clusters, the counting of tumour cell clusters separated the cells over and above the fractal dimension. This new technique can be used to objectively and quantitatively describe the complexity of the invasive front of tumours.
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