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- Chang, Yanhai, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammatory cytokine of IL-1β is involved in T-2 toxin-triggered chondrocyte injury and metabolism imbalance by the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling
- 2017
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Ingår i: Molecular Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0161-5890 .- 1872-9142. ; 91, s. 195-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mycotoxin T-2 exerts a causative role in Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) suffering chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage matrix homeostasis disruption. Recent research corroborated the aberrant levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1ß in KBD patients and mycotoxin environment. In the present study, we investigated the relevance of IL-1ß in T-2 toxin-evoked chondrocyte cytotoxic injury and aberrant catabolism. High levels of IL-1ß were detected in serum and cartilages from KBD patients and in T-2-stimulated chondrocytes. Moreover, knockdown of IL-1ß antagonized the adverse effects of T-2 on cytotoxic injury by enhancing cell viability and inhibiting apoptosis. However, exogenous supplementation of IL-1β further aggravated cell damage in response to T-2. Additionally, cessation of IL-1β rescued T-2-elicited tilt of matrix homeostasis toward catabolism by elevating the transcription of collagen II and aggrecan, promoting release of sulphated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and TIMP1, and suppressing matrix metalloproteinases production including MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-13. Conversely, IL-1β stimulation deteriorated T-2-induced disruption of matrix metabolism balance toward catabolism. Mechanistic analysis found the high activation of Wnt/β-catenin in KBD patients and chondrocytes upon T-2. Furthermore, this activation was mitigated after IL-1β inhibition, but further enhanced following IL-1β precondition. Importantly, blocking this pathway by transfection with β-catenin alleviated the adverse roles of IL-1β on cytotoxic injury and metabolism disorders under T-2 conditioning. Together, this study elucidates a new insight into how T-2 deteriorates the pathological progression of KBD by regulating inflammation-related pathways, indicating a promising anti-inflammation strategy for KBD therapy.
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| 2. |
- Qin, Gang, et al.
(författare)
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A novel face-centered-cubic high-entropy alloy strengthened by nanoscale precipitates
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scripta Materialia. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 1359-6462 .- 1872-8456. ; 172, s. 51-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new single-phase face-centered-cubic (FCC) Co9Cr7Cu36Mn25Ni23 [atomic percent, similar hereinafter] high-entropy alloy (HEA) was prepared by arc melting. A uniform distribution of nanometer-sized precipitates was achieved. The tensile yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation were 401 MPa, 700 MPa, and 36%, respectively. The energy-dispersive spectrometer results showed that the nano-precipitates were rich in Co and Cr elements. Moreover, the crystal-forming behavior and the nanoscale-precipitates-forming mechanism were revealed. Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Zhu, Kai, et al.
(författare)
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Operation characteristics of a new-type loop heat pipe (LHP) with wick separated from heating surface in the evaporator
- 2017
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Ingår i: Applied Thermal Engineering. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 1359-4311 .- 1873-5606. ; 123, s. 1034-1041
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The loop heat pipe (LHP) has been widely used for cooling devices with high heat flux. In addition to the capillary pumping force, the pressure head due to evaporation has been assumed to play an important role in the circulation of working fluid. Based on such a hypothesis, a new LHP is designed, in which the wick is separated from the heating surface in the evaporator. Experiments show that such a LHP can start up successfully and reach steady operation, which indirectly verified the hypothesis. The influences of heating power, height of steam chamber, pore radius and porosity of wick are comprehensively investigated. The results show that the start-up time of the new-designed LHP is shorter and the temperature fluctuation is smaller at higher heating power. The steam chamber height has clear impacts on the start-up time and the thermal resistance. The start-up time with the steam chamber height of 2 mm is shorter than that of 3 mm, but the thermal resistance is relatively higher. Moreover, a larger pore radius and a higher porosity of the wick can lead to a shorter start-up time and a smaller thermal resistance of the new LHP.
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| 5. |
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社会企业家 : 影响经济、社会与文化的新力量
- 2016
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- 其一，本书提供一个全新的理论视角，在系统梳理和反思社会创业的理论和实践基础上，从社会—经济—文化三维视角审视了社会创业，建立了基于三维学科知识体系的价值观，该探索性的研究丰富了社会创业研究的理论元。三维视角建构的社会创业价值方法，推崇社会企业应当兼顾商业、人文和社会价值，并具体运用于评价不同类型社会创业的内在价值和外在价值，社会企业和社会创业要规划一个完整的价值创造战略，推动和驱使企业创造社会和人文效益，并由此形成良性互动，创造更好的经济价值。其二，本书汇集了来自9个国家的23位具有不同背景的研究人员的最新研究成果。书中的论文结合商业、社会和人类发展需要，从不同背景出发探讨经济、政治、文化等议题，涉及不同国家和区域的情况。对于社会创业，探讨范围包括人口稀少的地区或城区、社会创业教育、旨在卫生保健事业的社会创业、社会创业融资、社会创业如何建立和完善共享价值观等，所有这些都是从社会属性和社会结构层面寻找社会创业的理念，从这个意义上而言，这是一本拓展社会创业研究领域的著作。其三，社会创业的实践推动着理论的发展。社会创业在全球实践的兴盛可追溯到穆罕默德·尤努斯于1976年创立的格莱珉银行，通过他们非凡而卓有成效的努力，促进了社会最贫困阶层的经济和社会发展，2006年穆罕默德·尤努斯和孟加拉乡村银行被授予诺贝尔和平奖。在理论领域，社会创业的学术论文和专著从2000年后呈几何级数增长，主要集中在六个研究主题： 社会创业的变革性影响(Eikenberry & Kluver, 2004; Fowler, 2000)，社会创新架构(Austin et al． , 2006)，社会创业（社会性创业）的界定及定义 (Mair & Marti, 2006; Peredo & McLean, 2006; Thompson, 2002; Weerawardena & Mort, 2006; Dees, 2006; Alex Nicholls, 2006), 社会创业和缓解贫困(Fowler, 2000; Seelos & Mair, 2005), 社会企业家的动力和价值观 (Hemingway & Maclagan, 2004; Alex Nicholls, 2006, 2015; Anders Lundstrom, 2010), 以及社会创业组织的启动类型和启动模式(De Leeuw, 1999)。这些研究的时间相对较早，目前国内学者从不同研究主题各有介绍。作为系统梳理社会创业理论和案例的主要著作者，安德斯·伦德斯特罗姆教授在理论和实践领域均具有国际性影响力和声誉。伦德斯特罗姆教授1994年就成立了小企业研究瑞典基金会和国际研究网络经济增长创新研究(IPREG)； 1996 年他设立了企业创业研究国际奖，这是一个为全世界的学者设立的独特奖项； 作为国际小企业署(ICSB)的前任主席，先后组织了三次以企业创业、小企业以及企业创新为主题的世界性会议。本书是安德斯·伦德斯特罗姆教授在社会创业领域的最新著作，也是这个领域比较具有代表性的著作。
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