| 1. |
- Gustafsson, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Health-promoting interventions for persons aged 80 and older are successful in the short term-results from the randomized and three-armed elderly persons in the risk zone study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of The American Geriatrics Society. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0002-8614 .- 1532-5415. ; 60:3, s. 447-454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesTo examine the outcomes of the Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone study, which was designed to evaluate whether it is possible to delay deterioration if a health-promoting intervention is made when an older adult (≥80) is at risk of becoming frail and whether a multiprofessional group intervention is more effective in delaying deterioration than a single preventive home visit with regard to frailty, self-rated health, and activities of daily living (ADLs) at 3-month follow-up.DesignRandomized, three-armed, single-blind, controlled trial performed between November 2007 and May 2011.SettingTwo urban districts of Gothenburg, Sweden.ParticipantsFour hundred fifty-nine community-living adults aged 80 and older not dependent on the municipal home help service.InterventionA preventive home visit or four weekly multiprofessional senior group meetings with one follow-up home visit.MeasurementsChange in frailty, self-rated health, and ADLs between baseline and 3-month follow-up.ResultsBoth interventions delayed deterioration of self-rated health (odds ratio (OR) = 1.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.12-3.54). Senior meetings were the most beneficial intervention for postponing dependence in ADLs (OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.14-3.33). No effect on frailty could be demonstrated.ConclusionHealth-promoting interventions made when older adults are at risk of becoming frail can delay deterioration in self-rated health and ADLs in the short term. A multiprofessional group intervention such as the senior meetings described seems to have a greater effect on delaying deterioration in ADLs than a single preventive home visit. Further research is needed to examine the outcome in the long term and in different contexts.
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| 2. |
- Arola, L. A., et al.
(författare)
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Distribution and evaluation of sense of coherence among older immigrants before and after a health promotion intervention – results from the RCT study promoting aging migrants’ capability
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical Interventions in Aging. - 1176-9092. ; 13, s. 2317-2328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The migration process can be a threat to a person’s sense of coherence (SOC) and to their ability to experience life as comprehensible, manageable, and meaningful. Seen from a salutogenic perspective, this may have a negative impact on the experience of health. Purpose: We describe the distribution of SOC and its components among older persons with an immigrant background now aging in Sweden. In addition, we evaluated whether a group-based health promotion program with a person-centered approach could support the SOC among older persons in this group. Materials and methods: A randomized controlled trial with postintervention follow-ups at 6 and 12 months was conducted with 131 independently living persons aged ≥70 years from Finland and the Balkan Peninsula. Participants were randomly allocated to an intervention group (4 weeks of group intervention and one follow-up home visit) and a control group (no intervention but access to ordinary health care services). The outcome measure was the SOC measured by SOC-13. Chi-square and ORs were calculated. Results: There was a significant improvement in total SOC scores for the intervention group at 6-month follow-up. Also, the ORs for the SOC components were higher in the person-centered intervention group. However, we found no significant between-group differences nor did the effect last until the 12-month follow-up. Conclusion: Persons who have lived a long time in a host country after migration seem to have a SOC similar to native-born persons. Interventions with a person-centered approach could support the SOC by capturing individual life situations. Such interventions could support older persons by making everyday life more comprehensible and manageable and helping them to cope with challenges in daily life caused by aging.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Blankenau, I., et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of body height estimated by different proxy measures in Swedish older adults
- 2012
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Approximately 40 per cent of older adults living at home are at risk of malnutrition. To detect this condition, body mass index is often used as a tool. The standard way of measuring body height is in a standing position. Height decreases with age and further, many older adults are not physically capable to undergo standing height measures. As height is one of the components in BMI it can be affected by body height decrease which in turn will affect the estimated prevalence of malnutrition risk. There are many different ways to estimate height by proxy measures. The aim of this study was to investigate whether proxy measurements could prove to be useful when estimating height in Swedish community-dwelling older adults. Home visits were made to 51 men and 51 women, who had participated in the randomized, single-blinded health-promoting intervention study, Elderly in the Risk Zone, living in the urban district Örgryte-Härlanda in Gothenburg, Sweden. Body weight, standing height, recumbent height, knee-height and demi-span was measured. An interview was also conducted, retrieving information regarding e.g. height around 20 years of age. T-test and Wilcoxon rank tests were performed and to further examine the results regression analyses and Bland & Altman-plots were conducted. The result showed that between 20 years of age to present age the men had decreased, in body height, on average 3,8 cm and the women 4,9 cm. In both the regression analysis and in the Bland & Altman plots, recumbent height and youth height seem to best conform to standing measured height. In the men, a negative correlation was found between the difference standing and knee-height measure of body height compared to mean values of the two measures in the Bland & Altman plots, though it was the only measurement that did not show any group mean statistical significant difference from standing height by t-test. No negative or positive correlation was seen in the women by the Bland & Altman plots. Demi-span gave an underestimation of body height in both genders. The present results show that body height seems to decrease with age and that besides standing, the best proxy measure is recumbent height otherwise that right knee-height could be used. Different height measurements could affect the BMI classification. Though we need to learn more about what affects the height decrease with age and what proxy measures are reliable. It would be desirable that a larger study would be conducted.
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| 5. |
- Blankenau, I., et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of body height estimated by different proxy measures in Swedish older adults
- 2012
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Approximately 40 per cent of older adults living at home are at risk of malnutrition. To detect this condition, body mass index is often used as a tool. The standard way of measuring body height is in a standing position. Height decreases with age and further, many older adults are not physically capable to undergo standing height measures. As height is one of the components in BMI it can be affected by body height decrease which in turn will affect the estimated prevalence of malnutrition risk. There are many different ways to estimate height by proxy measures. The aim of this study was to investigate whether proxy measurements could prove to be useful when estimating height in Swedish community-dwelling older adults. Home visits were made to 51 men and 51 women, who had participated in the randomized, single-blinded health-promoting intervention study, Elderly in the Risk Zone, living in the urban district Örgryte-Härlanda in Gothenburg, Sweden. Body weight, standing height, recumbent height, knee-height and demi-span was measured. An interview was also conducted, retrieving information regarding e.g. height around 20 years of age. T-test and Wilcoxon rank tests were performed and to further examine the results regression analyses and Bland & Altman-plots were conducted. The result showed that between 20 years of age to present age the men had decreased, in body height, on average 3,8 cm and the women 4,9 cm. In both the regression analysis and in the Bland & Altman plots, recumbent height and youth height seem to best conform to standing measured height. In the men, a negative correlation was found between the difference standing and knee-height measure of body height compared to mean values of the two measures in the Bland & Altman plots, though it was the only measurement that did not show any group mean statistical significant difference from standing height by t-test. No negative or positive correlation was seen in the women by the Bland & Altman plots. Demi-span gave an underestimation of body height in both genders. The present results show that body height seems to decrease with age and that besides standing, the best proxy measure is recumbent height otherwise that right knee-height could be used. Different height measurements could affect the BMI classification. Though we need to learn more about what affects the height decrease with age and what proxy measures are reliable. It would be desirable that a larger study would be conducted.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Ekdahl, A. W., et al.
(författare)
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Frailty and comprehensive geriatric assessment organized as CGA-ward or CGA-consult for older adult patients in the acute care setting : a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Geriatric Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 1878-7649 .- 1878-7657. ; 6:6, s. 523-540
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: With worldwide population aging, increasing numbers of people need hospital care. Evidence suggests comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is superior to usual care.Objective: To summarize the evidence for the effects of CGA in frail and moderately frail patients compared with usual care in acute care settings.Data sources: CINAHL, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed were searched in October 2011, January 2013, and February 2015.Study eligibility: Randomized controlled trials.Participants: Older adults aged ≥ 65 years who were admitted to hospital with a complex condition, divided into frail and moderately frail groups.Intervention: CGA.Control: Usual care.Outcomes: Change in housing, personal activities of daily living (PADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), readmission, cognitive function, depression, quality-of-life care-giver burden, and mortality.Study appraisal and synthesis: The grading of recommendations assessment development and evaluation (GRADE) system to assess the quality of evidence and PRISMA-guidelines for meta-analyses and reviews. Continuous data were presented as standardized mean differences and dichotomous data were presented as risk differences.Results: Twenty-nine articles based on 17 unique studies (6005 patients in total). CGA was categorized as CGA-ward or CGA-consult. In the frail group, CGA-ward was superior to usual care for change in housing, PADL, and depression. CGA-consult was superior to usual care for PADL and IADL in the moderately frail group.Conclusion: There was a stronger effect for frail older adults and CGA-ward compared with usual care. This highlights the importance of detecting frailty. However, the degree of evidence was limited.
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| 8. |
- Erlandsson, Lena-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Interventionsprogram och metod för att underlätta i vardagen
- 2014
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Ingår i: Hälsa och aktivitet i vardagen: att främja hälsa ur ett arbetsterapeutiskt perspektiv. - Nacka : Förbundet Sveriges Arbetsterapeuter. - 9789187837050 ; , s. 79-87
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Gustafsson, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational therapists' and patients' perceptions of ABILHAND, a new assessment tool for measuring manual ability
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 11:3, s. 107-117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore and describe how occupational therapists (OTs) and patients perceived ABILHAND, a new assessment tool for measuring manual ability, in order to evaluate it in terms of content validity and clinical utility in stroke rehabilitation in Sweden. Three main steps were followed to achieve the study goal. First, ABILHAND was translated, and second OTs used ABILHAND with patients admitted for occupational therapy intervention. Finally, in the third step, which aimed to evaluate the content validity and clinical utility of ABILHAND, focus-group interviews were used as a qualitative method of research. The results indicate that ABILHAND might benefit from adjustments to improve content validity. The results also show that standardization for clinical administration is necessary, the production of a manual is essential and the development of a user-friendly computer program for processing data is desirable. An additional finding in this study is an insight into the clinical reasoning of the OTs, which resulted in two conclusions. First, OTs need to discuss and learn more about central concepts in occupational therapy, and second they need to learn more about standardized assessment and how tests are developed and used.
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