| 1. |
- Blomé, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Visualisation of Human Characteristics in Vehicle and Health Care Product Development
- 2007
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Ingår i: SIGRAD 2007 Conference Proceedings. - Linköping : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 1650-3686. - 9789173939904 ; , s. 31-34
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the research project described in this paper is to improve the efficiency of product development processes by exchanging knowledge and experiences about user centred design methods and technologies between the two branches: vehicle and health care industries. The health care industry can benefit from visualisation and simulation tools that include computer manikins, a physical representation of the human, and the vehicle industry can benefit from manikins having personal characteristics, which has proven to be successful in the health care industry.
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| 2. |
- Högberg, Dan, et al.
(författare)
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Representing the elderly in digital human modelling
- 2008
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Ingår i: The 40th annual Nordic Ergonomic Society Conference, NES 2008, Reykjavík, Iceland, August 11-13.. - Kópavogur : Vinnuvistfræðifélag Íslands.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital human modelling (DHM) tools have been introduced in industry, mainly in automotive, aerospace and industrial engineering, to facilitate a proactive and efficient consideration of ergonomics in the design process. The employment of DHM tools in the health care sector calls for customisation work to be carried out in order to make the tools fit the design activities. The human model, i.e. the computer manikin, needs to be modified since it has the characteristics and appearance of an able healthy young or middle-aged human, but the resident or patient is frequently an elderly person with impairments of some kind. This paper suggests concepts and structures for assigning the computer manikins characteristics of the elderly. These changes are made by the modification of anthropometric and joint range of motion data in the DHM tool, and by assigning narrative descriptions to themanikins and more age-corresponding appearances. The objective is to define a manageable number of representative manikins that will support a proactive and user-centred design process in the health care industry, and in other types of design processes for the elderly, or in an inclusive design context.
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| 3. |
- Jesus Esteves Barata, Terezinha, et al.
(författare)
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Comparasion of two minimally invasive methods on the longevity of glass ionomer cement restorations : short-term results of a pilot study
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Oral Science. - 1678-7757 .- 1678-7765. ; 16:2, s. 155-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations comparing two minimally invasive methods in permanent teeth after 12 months. Fifty pregnant women (second trimester of pregnancy), mean age 22 ± 5.30 years, were treated by two previously trained operators. The treatment approaches tested were: chemomechanical method (CarisolvTM; MediTeam) and atraumatic restorative treatment (ART). A split-mouth study design was used in which the two treatments were randomly placed in 50 matched pairs of permanent teeth. The chemomechanical method (CM) was the test group and the ART was the control group. The treatments were performed in Public Health Centers. The tested restorative material was a high-strength GIC (Ketac Molar; 3M/ESPE). The restorations were placed according to the ART guidelines. Two calibrated independent examiners evaluated the restorations in accordance with ART criteria. The inter-examiner kappa was 0.97. Data were analyzed using 95% confidence interval on the binomial distribution and Fisher's exact test at 5% significance level. In a 12-month follow-up, 86% of the restorations were evaluated. In the test group (CM), 100% (CI=93.3-100%) of the restorations were considered successful. In the control group (ART) 97.6% (CI=87.4-99.9%) of the restorations were considered successful and 2.4% unsuccessful (marginal defect >0.5 mm). There was no statistically significant difference between the 12-mounth success rate for both groups (Fisher's exact test: P=0.49) and between the two operators (Fisher's exact test: P=1.00). Both minimally invasive methods, chemomechanical method and ART, showed a similar clinical performance after 12 months of follow up. Key words: Clinical trials. Restorations. Glass ionomer cements. Atraumatic Restorative Treatment. chemomechanical method. Carisolv.
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| 4. |
- Karlberg, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Mixed solutions of an associating polymer with a cleavable surfactant
- 2005
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 21:21, s. 9756-9763
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mixtures of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHEC) and alkali-sensitive cleavable betaine ester surfactants have been studied by viscometry, H-1 NMR, absorbance measurements, and birefringence determinations. Before the hydrolysis, the surfactants behaved as conventional nondegradable surfactants in terms of the effect on the viscosity of increasing surfactant concentration. As the surfactants were hydrolyzed, systems with time-dependent viscosity were obtained. The viscosity either decreased monotonically or went through a maximum as a function of time, depending on the initial surfactant concentration. Different surfactant chain lengths gave rise to different viscosity profiles. The rate of hydrolysis, and thus the time-dependency of the surfactant concentration, could be controlled by changing the pH of the solution.
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| 5. |
- Mirabelli, Maria C, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational risk factors for asthma among nurses and related healthcare professionals in an international study
- 2007
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Ingår i: Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : BMJ. - 1351-0711 .- 1470-7926. ; 64:7, s. 474-479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The authors examined the relations between self-reported work tasks, use of cleaning products and latex glove use with new-onset asthma among nurses and other healthcare workers in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS II). Methods: In a random population sample of adults from 22 European sites, 332 participants reported working in nursing and other related healthcare jobs during the nine-year ECRHS II follow-up period and responded to a supplemental questionnaire about their principal work settings, occupational tasks, products used at work and respiratory symptoms. Poisson regression models with robust error variances were used to compare the risk of new-onset asthma among healthcare workers with each exposure to that of respondents who reported professional or administrative occupations during the entire follow-up period (n=2481). Results: Twenty (6%) healthcare workers and 131 (5%) members of the referent population reported new-onset asthma. Compared to the referent group, the authors observed increased risks among hospital technicians (RR 4.63; 95% Cl 1.87 to 11.5) and among those using ammonia and/or bleach at work (RR 2.16; 95% Cl 1.03 to 4.53). Conclusions: In the ECRHS II cohort, hospital technicians and other healthcare workers experience increased risks of new-onset current asthma, possibly due to specific products used at work.
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| 6. |
- Sodergren, Erica, et al.
(författare)
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The genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1095-9203 .- 0036-8075. ; 314:5801, s. 941-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the sequence and analysis of the 814-megabase genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, a model for developmental and systems biology. The sequencing strategy combined whole-genome shotgun and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) sequences. This use of BAC clones, aided by a pooling strategy, overcame difficulties associated with high heterozygosity of the genome. The genome encodes about 23,300 genes, including many previously thought to be vertebrate innovations or known only outside the deuterostomes. This echinoderm genome provides an evolutionary outgroup for the chordates and yields insights into the evolution of deuterostomes.
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