| 1. |
- Hillier, Ladeana W, et al.
(författare)
-
Sequence and comparative analysis of the chicken genome provide unique perspectives on vertebrate evolution
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 432:7018, s. 695-716
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present here a draft genome sequence of the red jungle fowl, Gallus gallus. Because the chicken is a modern descendant of the dinosaurs and the first non-mammalian amniote to have its genome sequenced, the draft sequence of its genome--composed of approximately one billion base pairs of sequence and an estimated 20,000-23,000 genes--provides a new perspective on vertebrate genome evolution, while also improving the annotation of mammalian genomes. For example, the evolutionary distance between chicken and human provides high specificity in detecting functional elements, both non-coding and coding. Notably, many conserved non-coding sequences are far from genes and cannot be assigned to defined functional classes. In coding regions the evolutionary dynamics of protein domains and orthologous groups illustrate processes that distinguish the lineages leading to birds and mammals. The distinctive properties of avian microchromosomes, together with the inferred patterns of conserved synteny, provide additional insights into vertebrate chromosome architecture.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Gennery, A. R., et al.
(författare)
-
Treatment of CD40 ligand deficiency by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a survey of the European experience, 1993-2002
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 103:3, s. 1152-7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CD40 ligand (CD40L) deficiency causes recurrent sinopulmonary infection, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and Cryptosporidium parvum infection. Approximately 40% to 50% of patients survive to the third decade: long-term survival is unclear. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is curative. We present a retrospective analysis of 38 European patients undergoing HSCT for CD40L deficiency in 8 European countries between 1993 and 2002. Donor stem cell source included 14 HLA-identical siblings, 22 unrelated donors, and 2 phenotypically matched parental stem cells (12 T-cell depleted). Of the patients, 34 engrafted and 26 (68%) survived; 3 had autologous reconstitution, 22 (58%) were cured, and 1 engrafted but has poor T-cell immune reconstitution. There were 18 evaluated patients who responded to vaccination. Of the patients, 12 (32%) died from infection-related complications, with severe cryptosporidiosis in 6. Grades 2 to 4 graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) associated with infection occurred in 6 of 12 fatal cases. HSCT cured 58% of patients, 72% of those without hepatic disease. Early T-cell function following whole marrow HSCT may limit cryptosporidial disease, but survival was similar after T-cell-depleted HSCT. Preexisting lung damage was the most important adverse risk factor. Further studies will determine optimal timing and type of HSCT.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Davies, G, et al.
(författare)
-
Optical properties of a silver-related defect in silicon
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics). - 1098-0121. ; 67:23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Doping crystalline silicon with silver results in a photoluminescence center with multiplet zero-phonon structure near 778.9 meV. We show that the published assignments of the vibronic sidebands are wrong, with severe implications for the relative transition probabilities of the luminescence transitions from the excited states. At low temperature, most of the luminescence intensity derives from the phonon sideband associated with a forbidden zero-phonon line through the phonon-assisted coupling of two of the excited states of the center. The effective mass of the vibration is determined from isotope effects to be close to the mass of one Ag atom. Uniaxial stress and magnetic perturbations establish that the current assignment of the electronic structure of the center is incorrect and that it is best described by a new variant on the "pseudodonor" model. An electron orbits in an effective T-d environment, with an orbital triplet as its lowest-energy state, giving a j=3/2 electron state. A tightly bound hole has its orbital angular momentum quenched by the C-3v symmetry of the center, leaving only spin angular momentum (s=1/2). These particles couple to give J=2,1,0 states. Using this model, the temperature dependence of both the total luminescence intensity and measured radiative decay time can be understood. These data allow an estimate to be made of the thermally induced transition rate of the electron from the effective-mass excited states into the conduction band.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
