| 1. |
- Ahlbeck Bergendahl, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i hav och sötvatten 2016 : Resursöversikt
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I rapporten kan du ta del av bedömningen som görs av situationen för bestånd som regleras inom ramen för EU:s gemensamma fiskeripolitik (GFP). Bedömningarna baseras på det forskningssamarbete och den rådgivning som sker inom det Internationella Havsforskningsrådet (ICES).De bestånd som förvaltas nationellt baseras på de biologiska underlagen, och rådgivningen i huvudsak på den forskning och övervakning samt analys som bedrivs av Institutionen för akvatiska resurser vid Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU Aqua) samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.Rapporten omfattar 41 fiskarter uppdelade i olika bestånd, samt sju skal- och blötdjursarter.Nytt för årets upplaga är kapitlet om ekosystemtjänster. Avsnittet beskriver de fördelar människan får genom ekosystemen, till exempel hur fisk och skaldjur kommer till nytta för människan genom föda, rekreation och biologisk mångfald. Nytt för i år är också att rapportens diagram och figurer anpassats för läsare med defekt färgseende.Översikten är utarbetad av SLU Aqua på uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten.
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| 2. |
- Ahlbeck Bergendahl, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i hav och sötvatten 2017 : Resursöversikt
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I rapporten kan du ta del av bedömningen som görs av situationen för bestånd som regleras inom ramen för EU:s gemensamma fiskeripolitik (GFP). Bedömningarna baseras på det forskningssamarbete och den rådgivning som sker inom det Internationella Havsforskningsrådet (ICES).De bestånd som förvaltas nationellt baseras på de biologiska underlagen, och rådgivningen i huvudsak på den forskning och övervakning samt analys som bedrivs av Institutionen för akvatiska resurser vid Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU Aqua) samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.Rapporten omfattar 41 fiskarter och sju skaldjursarter.Nytt för i år är att vi även beskriver fritidsfisket mer utförligt. Det fisket får allt större betydelse för utvecklingen av många av Sveriges bestånd av fisk- och skaldjur, till exempel sötvattens- och kustlevande arter som abborre, gädda, gös, lax, röding och öring, liksom marina arter som torsk och hummerÖversikten är utarbetad av SLU Aqua på uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten.
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| 3. |
- Alves Dias, Joana, et al.
(författare)
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Low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress and risk of invasive post-menopausal breast cancer - A nested case-control study from the Malmö diet and cancer cohort
- 2016
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Although cancer promotes inflammation, the role of inflammation in tumor-genesis is less well established. The aim was to examine if low-grade inflammation is related to post-menopausal breast cancer risk, and if obesity modifies this association. Methods; In the Malmo Diet and Cancer cohort, a nested case-control study was defined among 8,513 women free of cancer and aged 55.73 years at baseline (1991.96); 459 were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer during follow-up (until December 31st, 2010). In laboratory analyses of blood from 446 cases, and 885 controls (matched on age and date of blood sampling) we examined systemic inflammation markers: oxidized (ox)-LDL, interleukin (IL)- 1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, white blood cells, lymphocytes and neutrophils. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for breast cancer risk was calculated using multivariable conditional logistic regression. Results: Inverse associations with breast cancer were seen in fully-adjusted models, for 2nd and 3rd tertiles of ox-LDL, OR (95% CI): 0.65 (0.47.0.90), 0.63 (0.45.0.89) respectively, p-trend = 0.01; and for the 3rd tertile of TNF-α, 0.65 (0.43.0.99), p-trend = 0.04. In contrast, those in the highest IL-1β category had higher risk, 1.71 (1.05.2.79), p-trend = 0.01. Obesity did not modify associations between inflammation biomarkers and breast cancer. Conclusion; Our study does not suggest that low-grade inflammation increase the risk of post-menopausal breast cancer.
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| 4. |
- Alves Dias, Joana, et al.
(författare)
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Plasma variation and reproducibility of oxidized LDL-cholesterol and low-grade inflammation biomarkers among participants of the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort
- 2016
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Ingår i: Biomarkers. - 1354-750X. ; 21:6, s. 562-571
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Large epidemiological studies often collect non-fasting samples, although the reliability of biomarkers may be uncertain. Objective: To explore the reliability and reproducibility of a single measurement of selected biomarkers in a sub-sample of the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. Methods: We estimated single- and average-measures intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for oxidized (ox)-LDL, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α. Results: Single-measures ICC in non-fasting samples of ox-LDL, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were the following: 0.85, 0.71, 0.61, 0.78 and 0.66 for men, and 0.67, 0.81, 0.87, 0.69 and 0.81 for women. Biomarkers at non-fasting and fasting samples were highly correlated (all r > 0.80). Conclusions: The observed ICC suggest that most of the examined biomarkers (non-fasting blood) would allow meaningful analysis in epidemiological studies.
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| 5. |
- Amundsdotter, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Motstånd och strategier i jämställdhetsarbete
- 2015
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Jämställdhetsarbete väcker ofta motstånd, det har de flesta som arbetar med jämställdhet erfarenhet av. Men vilka strategier kan förändringsaktörer använda för att bemöta motstånd och komma vidare i jämställdhetsarbetet, är frågan som utforskas i denna bok.Jämställdhetsarbete berör ofta angelägna frågor där det kan finnas motstridiga intressen, till exempel kring fördelning av resurser, inflytande och ansvar. Inte sällan uppstår starka känslor hos människor. En del visar öppet sin oro. Andra praktiserar förnekelse på olika sätt. Vissa blir aggressiva. Många protesterar i tysthet. Denna ovilja mot förändring brukar formuleras i termer av motstånd och kan alltså komma till uttryck på många sätt.I boken ges ett perspektiv på makt och motstånd som syftar till att bidra till upplevelser av ett större handlingsutrymme för att möta motstånd mot jämställdhetsarbete. Ingången består av material som har skapats i ett forskningsprojekt där jämställdhetsarbetare, medarbetare och chefer, från myndigheter och kommuner har utforskat motstånd och strategier tillsammans med genusforskare. Materialet ger en inblick i vad det kan innebära att arbeta med jämställdhet, vad en förändringsaktör möter och förväntas hantera i jämställdhetsarbetet. Ett bidrag i boken är en rad av idéer på handlingsalternativ för att möta motstånd, som mejslats fram i olika former i projektet. Bokens bidrag handlar också om att förvalta de kunskaper som skapats gemensamt och hur teori kan hjälpa oss att fördjupa, förstå och agera.Boken är skriven av fyra genusforskare vid Karlstads universitet respektive Göteborgs universitet och riktar sig till alla som är intresserade av jämställdhet, förändring och utbildning i organisationer och verksamheter.
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| 6. |
- Bakker, Marije F., et al.
(författare)
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Plasma carotenoids, vitamin C, tocopherols, and retinol and the risk of breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 103:2, s. 454-464
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Carotenoids and vitamin C are thought to be associated with reduced cancer risk because of their antioxidative capacity.Objective: This study evaluated the associations of plasma carotenoid, retinol, tocopherol, and vitamin C concentrations and risk of breast cancer.Design: In a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, 1502 female incident breast cancer cases were included, with an oversampling of premenopausal (n = 582) and estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) cases (n = 462). Controls (n = 1502) were individually matched to cases by using incidence density sampling. Prediagnostic samples were analyzed for alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, and 454 vitamin C. Breast cancer risk was computed according to hormone receptor status and age at diagnosis (proxy for menopausal status) by using conditional logistic regression and was further stratified by smoking status, alcohol consumption, and body mass index (BMI). All statistical tests were 2-sided.Results: In quintile 5 compared with quintile 1, alpha-carotene (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.39, 0.98) and beta-carotene (OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.65) were inversely associated with risk of ER- breast tumors. The other analytes were not statistically associated with ER- breast cancer. For estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) tumors, no statistically significant associations were found. The test for heterogeneity between ER- and ER+ tumors was statistically significant only for beta-carotene (P-heterogeneity = 0.03). A higher risk of breast cancer was found for retinol in relation to ER-/progesterone receptor-negative tumors (OR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.20, 4.67; P-heterogeneity with ER+/progesterone receptor positive = 0.06). We observed no statistically significant interaction between smoking, alcohol, or BMI and all investigated plasma analytes (based on tertile distribution).Conclusion: Our results indicate that higher concentrations of plasma beta-carotene and alpha-carotene are associated with lower breast cancer risk of ER tumors.
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| 7. |
- Bamia, C., et al.
(författare)
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Fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma in a multi-centre, European cohort study
- 2015
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 112:7, s. 1273-1282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:Vegetable and/or fruit intakes in association with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been investigated in case-control studies conducted in specific European countries and cohort studies conducted in Asia, with inconclusive results. No multi-centre European cohort has investigated the indicated associations. Methods: In 486 799 men/women from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition, we identified 201 HCC cases after 11 years median follow-up. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for HCC incidence for sex-specific quintiles and per 100 g d(-1) increments of vegetable/fruit intakes. Results: Higher vegetable intake was associated with a statistically significant, monotonic reduction of HCC risk: HR (100 g d(-1) increment): 0.83; 95% CI: 0.71-0.98. This association was consistent in sensitivity analyses with no apparent heterogeneity across strata of HCC risk factors. Fruit intake was not associated with HCC incidence: HR (100 g d(-1) increment): 1.01; 95% CI: 0.92-1.11. Conclusions: Vegetable, but not fruit, intake is associated with lower HCC risk with no evidence for heterogeneity of this association in strata of important HCC risk factors. Mechanistic studies should clarify pathways underlying this association. Given that HCC prognosis is poor and that vegetables are practically universally accessible, our results may be important, especially for those at high risk for the disease.
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| 8. |
- Brunkwall, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Commonly consumed beverages associate with different lifestyle and dietary intakes
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-7486 .- 1465-3478. ; 70:1, s. 88-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sugar sweetened beverages (SSB), artificially sweetened beverages (ASB), juice, coffee and tea has been associated with risk of metabolic disease. High consumption of these beverages may be associated with certain characteristics of the overall diet that would be important to take into account when analysing beverage-disease associations. Here, we investigate five beverages and their association with lifestyle and diet in 25,112 individuals from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Cohort. We observed that high consumption of SSB was associated with lower intakes of foods perceived as healthy. However, high consumption of both tea and juice was associated with higher intakes of foods perceived as healthy. Further, high consumption of ASB was associated with higher intakes of low-fat products. High consumption of coffee was associated with higher intakes of meat and high-fat margarine, and lower intake of breakfast cereals. We observe five beverages to associate with different lifestyle and dietary patterns.
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| 9. |
- Brunkwall, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and genetic predisposition to obesity in 2 Swedish cohorts
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 104:3, s. 809-815
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), which has increased substantially during the last decades, has been associated with obesity and weight gain.Objective: Common genetic susceptibility to obesity has been shown to modify the association between SSB intake and obesity risk in 3 prospective cohorts from the United States. We aimed to replicate these findings in 2 large Swedish cohorts.Design: Data were available for 21,824 healthy participants from the Malmö Diet and Cancer study and 4902 healthy participants from the Gene-Lifestyle Interactions and Complex Traits Involved in Elevated Disease Risk Study. Self-reported SSB intake was categorized into 4 levels (seldom, low, medium, and high). Unweighted and weighted genetic risk scores (GRSs) were constructed based on 30 body mass index [(BMI) in kg/m2]-associated loci, and effect modification was assessed in linear regression equations by modeling the product and marginal effects of the GRS and SSB intake adjusted for age-, sex-, and cohort-specific covariates, with BMI as the outcome. In a secondary analysis, models were additionally adjusted for putative confounders (total energy intake, alcohol consumption, smoking status, and physical activity).Results: In an inverse variance-weighted fixed-effects meta-analysis, each SSB intake category increment was associated with a 0.18 higher BMI (SE = 0.02; P = 1.7 × 10−20; n = 26,726). In the fully adjusted model, a nominal significant interaction between SSB intake category and the unweighted GRS was observed (P-interaction = 0.03). Comparing the participants within the top and bottom quartiles of the GRS to each increment in SSB intake was associated with 0.24 (SE = 0.04; P = 2.9 × 10−8; n = 6766) and 0.15 (SE = 0.04; P = 1.3 × 10−4; n = 6835) higher BMIs, respectively.Conclusions: The interaction observed in the Swedish cohorts is similar in magnitude to the previous analysis in US cohorts and indicates that the relation of SSB intake and BMI is stronger in people genetically predisposed to obesity.
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| 10. |
- Buckland, G., et al.
(författare)
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Healthy lifestyle index and risk of gastric adenocarcinoma in the EPIC cohort study
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 137:3, s. 598-606
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several modifiable lifestyle factors, including smoking, alcohol, certain dietary factors and weight are independently associated with gastric cancer (GC); however, their combined impact on GC risk is unknown. We constructed a healthy lifestyle index to investigate the joint influence of these behaviors on GC risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. The analysis included 461,550 participants (662 first incident GC cases) with a mean follow-up of 11.4 years. A healthy lifestyle index was constructed, assigning 1 point for each healthy behavior related to smoking status, alcohol consumption and diet quality (represented by the Mediterranean diet) for assessing overall GC and also body mass index for cardia GC and 0 points otherwise. Risk of GC was calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models while adjusting for relevant confounders. The highest versus lowest score in the healthy lifestyle index was associated with a significant lower risk of GC, by 51% overall (HR 0.49 95% CI 0.35, 0.70), by 77% for cardia GC (HR 0.23 95% CI 0.08, 0.68) and by 47% for noncardia GC (HR 0.53 (95% CI 0.32, 0.87), p-trends<0.001. Population attributable risk calculations showed that 18.8% of all GC and 62.4% of cardia GC cases could have been prevented if participants in this population had followed the healthy lifestyle behaviors of this index. Adopting several healthy lifestyle behaviors including not smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, eating a healthy diet and maintaining a normal weight is associated with a large decreased risk of GC. What's new? Several modifiable lifestyle factors, including smoking status, alcohol consumption, diet quality and weight, have been independently associated with gastric cancer. Behavioral patterns often cluster, however, lifestyle scores can be used to analyse overlapping risk factors. In this study, the authors used a healthy-lifestyle index to evaluate the combined effects of all of the above factors on the risk of developing gastric cancer (GC). They found that following a healthy lifestyle dramatically decreases the burden of gastric cancer.
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