| 1. |
- Buemi, Francesco, et al.
(författare)
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Empty vehicle detection with video analytics
- 2013
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Ingår i: Image Analysis and Processing – ICIAP 2013. ICIAP 2013. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783642411830 - 9783642411847 ; , s. 731-739
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important issue to be addressed in transit security, in particular for driverless metro, is the assurance that a vehicle is empty before it returns to the depot. Customer specifications in recent tenders require that an automatic empty vehicle detector is provided. That improves system security since it prevents voluntary (e.g. in case of thieves or graffiti makers) or involuntary (e.g. in case of drunk or unconscious people) access of unauthorized people to the depot and possibly to other restricted areas. Without automatic systems, a manual inspection of the vehicle should be performed, requiring considerable personnel effort and being prone to failure. To address the issue, we have developed a reliable empty vehicle detection system using video content analytics techniques and standard on-board cameras. The system can automatically check whether the vehicles have been cleared from passengers, thus supporting the security staff and central control operators in providing a higher level of security. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.
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| 2. |
- Fiaschetti, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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On the use of semantic technologies to model and control security, privacy and dependability in complex systems
- 2011
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Ingår i: Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783642242694 - 9783642242700 ; , s. 467-479
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper a semantic approach is presented to model and control Security, Privacy and Dependability (SPD) in complex interconnected environment composed by heterogeneous Embedded Systems. Usually, only the individual properties are locally considered to obtain desired functionalities and this could result in sub-optimal solutions. With the use of modern semantic technologies (like OWL or reasoning engines) it is possible to model not only the individual parameters but also the relations between the different (and dynamically changing) parts of the systems, thus providing enriched knowledge and more useful information that could feed control algorithms. The model presented in this paper is based on the results obtained during the first phase of the pSHIELD project (conceived and lead by Finmeccanica) and it is focused on a concrete application coming from a critical scenario in railway environment: the monitoring of freight trains transporting hazardous material.
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| 3. |
- Flammini, Francesco, Senior Lecturer, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Towards wireless sensor networks for railway infrastructure monitoring
- 2010
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Ingår i: Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway and Ship Propulsion. - Piscataway : IEEE. - 9781424490943 - 9781424490929 - 9781424490936 ; , s. 1-6
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the adoption of emerging sensing technologies for instrumentation within a variety of structural systems. Structural health monitoring systems are widely adopted to monitor the behavior of structures during forced vibration testing or natural excitation (e.g. earthquakes, winds, live loading). They can be found in a number of civil structures, including bridges and viaducts, and also in applications of vehicle health monitoring. Moreover, since infrastructures can be damaged by human originated threats, the adoption of security measures is also essential. This paper presents a proposal of an early warning system based on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) for railway infrastructure monitoring. It exploits already available research results and tools for WSN management, integration and data fusion. The aim is to hedge detection capabilities in a complete framework for structural failures as well as security threats, including both natural hazards and intentional attacks.
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| 4. |
- Bernardi, S., et al.
(författare)
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Enabling the usage of UML in the verification of railway systems : The DAM-rail approach
- 2013
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Ingår i: Reliability Engineering & System Safety. - : Elsevier. - 0951-8320 .- 1879-0836. ; 120, s. 112-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The need for integration of model-based verification into industrial processes has produced several attempts to define Model-Driven solutions implementing a unifying approach to system development. A recent trend is to implement tool chains supporting the developer both in the design phase and V&V activities. In this Model-Driven context, specific domains require proper modelling approaches, especially for what concerns RAM (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability) analysis and fulfillment of international standards. This paper specifically addresses the definition of a Model-Driven approach for the evaluation of RAM attributes in railway applications to automatically generate formal models. For this aim we extend the MARTE-DAM UML profile with concepts related to maintenance aspects and service degradation, and show that the MARTE-DAM framework can be successfully specialized for the railway domain. Model transformations are then defined to generate Repairable Fault Tree and Bayesian Network models from MARTE-DAM specifications. The whole process is applied to the railway domain in two different availability studies. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.
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| 5. |
- Bernardi, Simona, et al.
(författare)
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Model-driven availability evaluation of railway control systems
- 2011
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Ingår i: Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security. SAFECOMP 2011. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783642242694 ; , s. 15-28
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maintenance of real-world systems is a complex task involving several actors, procedures and technologies. Proper approaches are needed in order to evaluate the impact of different maintenance policies considering cost/benefit factors. To that aim, maintenance models may be used within availability, performability or safety models, the latter developed using formal languages according to the requirements of international standards. In this paper, a model-driven approach is described for the development of formal maintenance and reliability models for the availability evaluation of repairable systems. The approach facilitates the use of formal models which would be otherwise difficult to manage, and provides the basis for automated models construction. Starting from an extension to maintenance aspects of the MARTE-DAM profile for dependability analysis, an automated process based on model-to-model transformations is described. The process is applied to generate a Repairable Fault Trees model from the MARTE-DAM specification of the Radio Block Centre - a modern railway controller. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.
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| 6. |
- Casola, Valentina, et al.
(författare)
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Freight train monitoring : A case-study for the pSHIELD project
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 6th International Conference on Innovative Mobile and Internet Services in Ubiquitous Computing, IMIS 2012. - : IEEE. - 9780769546841 ; , s. 597-602
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Embedded Systems (ES) are increasingly being used in critical applications, where Security, Privacy and Dependability (SPD) attributes are essential. The pSHIELD research project, funded in the framework of the European ARTEMIS program, introduces some innovative approaches to address SPD issues for ES. In this paper, after an introduction to the scope of the pSHIELD project, we describe a case study application to the monitoring of freight trains transporting hazardous materials. The application uses heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) to measure environmental parameters like temperature, vibrations and transmit them to the security control center. The sensors are integrated by means of an appropriate middleware and data is elaborated by a specfically developed application. We report the architecture and the results achieved by testing the application and some of its relevant SPD functionalities, including data criptography, in a real railway environment. © 2012 IEEE.
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| 7. |
- Casola, Valentina, et al.
(författare)
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Performance evaluation of video analytics for surveillance on-board trains
- 2013
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Ingår i: Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems. ACIVS 2013.. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319028941 - 9783319028958 ; , s. 414-425
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Real-time video-surveillance systems are nowadays widespread in several applications, including public transportation. In those applications, the use of automatic video content analytics (VCA) is being increasingly adopted to support human operators in control rooms. However, VCA is only effective when its performances are such to reduce the number of false positive alarms below acceptability thresholds while still detecting events of interest. In this paper, we report the results of the evaluation of a VCA system installed on a rail transit vehicle. With respect to fixed installations, on-board ones feature specific constraints on camera installation, obstacles, environment, etc. Several VCA performance evaluation metrics have been considered, both frame-based and object-based, computed by a tool developed in Matlab. We compared the results obtained using a commercial VCA system with the ones produced by an open-source one, showing the higher performance of the former in all test conditions. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.
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| 8. |
- Casola, V., et al.
(författare)
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Securing freight trains for hazardous material transportation : A WSN-based monitoring system
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Defense and Homeland Security Simulation Workshop, DHSS 2012, Held at the International Multidisciplinary Modeling and Simulation Multiconference, I3M 2012. - : Caltek s.r.l.. ; , s. 52-59
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years the interest in monitoring infrastructures has spread in many application domains, even because of the number of natural disasters and terrorist attacks. This important activity can be seen in the general context of critical infrastructure protection such as the freight train meant for hazardous materials transportation. The design of these systems must answer to several issues: low-cost, easiness of installation, interoperability of information sources, security mechanisms. The use of wireless sensor networks emerged in this field as a compliant solution to these issues. In this paper we will present a monitoring system that uses heterogeneous WSN to monitor a freight train transporting hazardous materials. The sensors interact through a security platform in order to share different information. We illustrate some details on the architecture and the software application to prove the feasibility of such system on a real scenario by discussing most significant results about measurement parameters and networks performance. Copyright© (2012) by CAL-TEK S.r.l.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Fantechi, Alessandro, et al.
(författare)
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Formal methods for intelligent transportation systems
- 2012
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Ingår i: Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation. Applications and Case Studies. ISoLA 2012. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783642340314 - 9783642340321 ; , s. 187-189
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The term Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), [4,5], refers to information and communication technology (applied to transport infrastructure and vehicles) that improve transport outcomes such as transport safety, transport productivity, travel reliability, informed travel choices, social equity, environmental performance and network operation resilience [2,3]. Safety-critical ITS include the so called X-by-wire (where 'X' can stand for 'fly', 'brake', 'accelerate, 'steer', etc.) systems used in domains like aerospace, automotive and railways. The importance of ITS is increasing as novel driverless/pilotless applications are emerging. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.
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