| 1. |
- Enander, Rebecka, et al.
(författare)
-
Beta cell function after intensive subcutaneous insulin therapy or intravenous insulin infusion at onset of type 1 diabetes in children without ketoacidosis.
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Pediatric diabetes. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1399-5448 .- 1399-543X. ; 19:6, s. 1079-1085
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our aim was to see if IV insulin therapy at diagnosis preserves beta-cell function better than multiple subcutaneous (SC) injections.Fifty-four children 9.9 ± 3.5years (range 2.8-14.9) without ketoacidosis were included in a 2years, randomized multicenter study with insulin SC or 48 to 72hours IV initially. Thirty-three (61%) were boys, 22 (41%) were pubertal. Forty-eight subjects completed 12 months follow-up and 43 completed 24 months. At 1, 6, 12, and 24 months, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), C-peptide and insulin/kg/24 h were measured. At 24 months, a mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT) was performed.HbA1c at diagnosis was 10.7%, (93mmol/mol) for IV, 10.7%, (94mmol/mol) for SC. During the first 2 full days of insulin therapy, mean plasma glucose was 8.2 mmol/L for IV, 9.5 for SC (P =.025). Mean insulin dose was 1.5 U/kg/d for IV vs 1.0 for SC (P =.001). Sixteen (7 in IV, 9 in SC group) started with insulin pumps during the follow-up. At 24 months, we saw no significant differences: HbA1c (7.5%, 58mmol/mol, for IV, 7.2%, 55mmol/mol, for SC; ns), insulin doses (0.79 vs 0.88U/kg/d; ns), fasting C-peptide (0.08 vs 0.12nmol/L; ns), maximal MMTT response (0.19 vs 0.25nmol/L; ns) and AUC (18.26 vs 23.9 nmol/L*min; ns). Peak C-peptide >0.2 nmol/L in the combined IV and SC groups correlated significantly with HbA1c and C-peptide at onset in a multiple regression.Residual beta cell function at 2years seems to be independent from initial insulin regimens but related to HbA1c and C-peptide at onset.
|
|
| 2. |
- Forsander, Gun, 1951, et al.
(författare)
-
Preferences for treatment among adolescents with Type 1 diabetes: a national study using a discrete choice experiment model
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0742-3071 .- 1464-5491. ; 35:5, s. 621-629
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimTo test the possibility of using a discrete choice experiment model, on a national level in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes, in order to obtain a better understanding of drivers of and barriers to diabetes self-care. MethodsA survey instrument was constructed and tested on a small group of the target population: adolescents aged 15 to <18 years with Type 1 diabetes. All individuals in Sweden belonging to this target group (N=2112) were then identified via the Swedish paediatric diabetes quality registry SWEDIABKIDS, and were sent an invitation to answer an online questionnaire. A valid response for the discrete choice experiment analyses was achieved from 431 individuals. ResultsThe included respondents were not statistically different from non-participants in terms of age and duration of diabetes, but more young women entered the study and the participants had (on average) a significantly lower HbA(1c) value than the non-participants. Participants regarded as undesirable both non-severe hypoglycaemic events (day and night) and hyperglycaemic events. Avoiding weight gain and even achieving weight loss were the most important aspects among female respondents, who were willing to trade off a substantial level of glycaemic control [13 mmol/mol (1.2%)] to avoid a weight gain of 3 kg. Hypothetical equipment improvements were desired. ConclusionsThe responses may provide useful indications of the aspects that the respondents would prioritize given a real-life dilemma. For treatment effects, stratification along gender lines was important, whereas the treatment administration aspects were stratified according to treatment type because these aspects are closely related.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bixo Ottosson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Self-care management of type 1 diabetes has improved in Swedish schools according to children and adolescents
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 106:12, s. 1987-1993
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Age-appropriate support for diabetes self-care is essential during school time, and we investigated the perceived quality of support children and adolescents received in 2015 and 2008.Methods: This national study was based on questionnaires answered by children and adolescents aged 6–15 years of age with type 1 diabetes attending schools or preschools in 2008 (n = 317) and 2015 (n = 570) and separate parental questionnaires. The subjects were recruited by Swedish paediatric diabetes units, with 41/44 taking part in 2008 and 41/42 in 2015.Results: Fewer participants said they were treated differently in school because of their diabetes in 2015 than 2008. The opportunity to perform insulin boluses and glucose monitoring in privacy increased (80% versus 88%; p < 0.05). Most (83%) adolescents aged 13–15 years were satisfied with the support they received, but levels were lower in girls (p < 0.05). More subjects had hypoglycaemia during school hours (84% versus 70%, p < 0.001), but hypoglycaemia support did not increase and was lower for adolescents than younger children (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Children and adolescents received more support for type 1 diabetes in Swedish schools in 2015 than 2008, but more support is needed by girls and during hypoglycaemia.
|
|
| 4. |
- Boman, Åse, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
-
Conceptions of Diabetes and Diabetes Care in Young People With Minority Backgrounds.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Qualitative Health Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 1049-7323 .- 1552-7557. ; 25:1, s. 5-15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) need stable self-care routines for good metabolic control to minimize future cardiovascular health complications. These routines are demanding, and might be particularly challenging in underprivileged groups. The aim of this study was to gain in-depth knowledge on the experience of adolescents with T1DM and a non-Swedish background regarding factors that might influence their ability to take care of themselves; in particular, factors that might influence diabetes management routines, their social situation, and the support they receive from caregivers. We interviewed 12 adolescents with T1DM and minority backgrounds. The results indicated resources and constraints in the adolescents' social context and in the health care organization. The adolescents developed conceptions that helped to explain and excuse their self-care failures, and their successes. These findings highlight the importance of integrating T1DM as part of the individual's personal prerequisites. We discuss implications for the organization of diabetes care for adolescents.
|
|
| 5. |
- Boman, Åse, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
-
Health care to empower self-care in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and an immigrant minority background
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Sage Open medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 2050-3121 .- 2050-3121. ; 5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The pediatric diabetes team aims to support health, quality of life, and normal growth and development among adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Adolescents with an immigrant background have been found less successful in self-care. Previous research indicated that adolescents who had integrated the disease as a part of their self-image reasoned differently about their self-care to those who had not. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify elements in the patient–pediatrician consultations that might influence such integration of the disease among adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 12 pediatrician–adolescent consultations were video-recorded and analyzed. The adolescents all had an immigrant background. Results: Integration of the disease appeared enabled when responsibility was shared; when hope, autonomy, and emotions were confirmed; and when the pediatrician asked probing questions. Letting objective data dominate the adolescent’s experiences, using risk as a motivator, neutralizing emotions in relation to having diabetes, and confirming forgetfulness, may instead inhibit disease integration. Conclusion: An extended person-centered approach with focus on the adolescent’s experiences of everyday life with a chronic disease and less attention on physical parameters in the pediatrician–adolescent consultations may increase integration of the disease.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Bybrant, M. C., et al.
(författare)
-
Tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes are related to human leukocyte antigen but not to islet autoantibodies: A Swedish nationwide prospective population-based cohort study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Autoimmunity. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0891-6934 .- 1607-842X. ; 51:5, s. 221-227
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: This study explored the association between tissue transglutaminase autoantibody (tTGA), high-risk human leucocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes and islet autoantibodies in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1D).Patients and methods: Dried blood spots and serum samples were taken at diagnosis from children <18years of age participating in Better Diabetes Diagnosis (BDD), a Swedish nationwide prospective cohort study of children newly diagnosed with T1D. We analyzed tTGA, high-risk HLA DQ2 and DQ8 (DQX is neither DQ2 nor DQ8) and islet auto-antibodies (GADA, IA-2A, IAA, and three variants of Zinc transporter; ZnT8W, ZnT8R, and ZnT8QA).Results: Out of 2705 children diagnosed with T1D, 85 (3.1%) had positive tTGA and 63 (2.3%) had borderline values. The prevalence of tTGA was higher in children with the HLA genotypes DQ2/2, DQ2/X or DQ2/8 compared to those with DQ8/8 or DQ8/X (p=.00001) and those with DQX/X (p.00001). No significant differences were found in relation to islet autoantibodies or age at diagnosis, but the presence of tTGA was more common in girls than in boys (p=.018).Conclusion: tTGA at T1D diagnosis (both positive and borderline values 5.4%) was higher in girls and in children homozygous for DQ2/2, followed by children heterozygous for DQ2. Only children with DQ2 and/or DQ8 had tTGA. HLA typing at the diagnosis of T1D can help to identify those without risk for CD.
|
|
| 8. |
- Carlsson, Annelie, et al.
(författare)
-
10 år med BDD-studien har gett bättre diabetesdiagnos hos barn : Studiens analysbatteri är nu klinisk rutin och kunskapen om olika diabetessjukdomar har ökat
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 115:11, s. 484-484
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish study Better Diabetes Diagnosis (BDD) has now been ongoing for ten years and detailed information and blood samples have been collected from more than 8000 children and adolescents with newly diagnosed diabetes. We have been able to demonstrate that by means of HLA diabetes antibodies and C-peptide the discrimination between type one and type 2 diabetes is improved. These analyses are therefore included in the clinical check-up for all children and adolescents in Sweden who are diagnosed with diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is by far the most prevalent type of diabetes among Swedish children and adolescents. Type 2 diabetes is still relatively rare in Sweden but it is urgent to obtain a correct diagnosis as the long-term prognosis depends on a prompt pharmacological treatment. Monogenic diabetes (MODY) is also important to identify early. We therefore recommend that sequencing of MODY genes should be performed if an individual with newly-diagnosed diabetes is auto-antibody negative and has an HLA pattern associated with low risk for type 1 diabetes. However, despite these analytical tools it can be difficult to make the correct diabetes diagnosis initially. It is therefore prudent to re-evaluate the diabetes diagnosis after one year.
|
|
| 9. |
- Forsander, Gun, 1951, et al.
(författare)
-
Adolescent life with diabetes-Gender matters for level of distress. Experiences from the national TODS study
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Pediatric Diabetes. - : WILEY. - 1399-543X .- 1399-5448. ; 18:7, s. 651-659
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To examine the relationship between diabetes distress and gender, and the association with glycemic control, social support, health behaviors, and socio-economic status. Methods: All adolescents, aged 15 to 18 years, in the national, pediatric diabetes registry SWE-DIABKIDS with type 1 diabetes were invited to complete an online questionnaire. A total of 2112 teenagers were identified. Results: 453 complete responses were valid for analyses. Young women scored significantly higher on the distress-screening instrument DDS-2. Almost half of the female respondents exhibited moderate to severe diabetes distress-more than twice the proportion than among male respondents (44% vs 19%). Females reported twice as high scores on the fear of hypoglycemia scale (P amp;lt; 0.0001) and had a higher HbA1c value than males (P amp;lt; 0.0001). Gender was highly correlated with distress level even when controlling for multiple factors that may affect distress (parameter(female) = 0.4, P = 0.0003). Particular social problems were highly significant, that is, those who trust that their parents can handle their diabetes when necessary were significantly less distressed than others (P = 0.018). Higher HbA1c levels were associated with higher distress scores (P = 0.0005 [female], P = 0.0487 [male]). Conclusions: Diabetes-related distress is a great burden for adolescents living with diabetes. Actively involved family and friends may reduce diabetes distress, but female adolescents appear to be particularly vulnerable and may need extra focus and support. Our findings indicate that pediatric diabetes teams working with teenagers must intensify the care during this vulnerable period of life in order to reduce the risk of both psychological and vascular complications in young adults.
|
|
| 10. |
- Hartvigsson, Thomas, 1985, et al.
(författare)
-
Error trawling and fringe decision competence: Ethical hazards in monitoring and addressing patient decision capacity in clinical practice
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Clinical Ethics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-7509 .- 1758-101X. ; 13:3, s. 126-136
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article addresses how health professionals should monitor and safeguard their patients’ ability to participate in making clinical decisions and making subsequent decisions regarding the implementation of their treatment plan. Patient participation in clinical decision-making is essential, e.g. in self-care, where patients are responsible for most ongoing care. We argue that one common, fact-oriented patient education strategy may in practice easily tend to take a destructive form that we call error trawling. Illustrating with empirical findings from a video study of consultations between clinicians and adolescent patients with diabetes, we argue on independent grounds that this strategy not only risks to overlook significant weaknesses in patient decision competence, but also to undermine patient capacity for decision-making and implementing care. In effect, this strategy for clinically monitoring and addressing the problem of fragile decision-making capacity brings hazards in need of address. We close by suggesting complementary and alternative strategies, and comment on how these may call for broadened competency among clinical health professionals.
|
|
