| 1. |
- Settele, Josef, et al.
(författare)
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Rice ecosystem services in South-east Asia
- 2018
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Ingår i: Paddy and Water Environment. - : Springer. - 1611-2490 .- 1611-2504. ; 16:2, s. 211-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Avdic, Tarik, et al.
(författare)
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Reduced Long-Term Risk of Aortic Aneurysm and Aortic Dissection Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Observational Study.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association. - 2047-9980. ; 7:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- No studies have examined long-term risks for aortic aneurysm (AA) and aortic dissection (AD) or mortality after AA or AD hospitalization among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).In this observational cohort study, we linked data for patients with T2DM in the Swedish National Diabetes Register, and 5 individually matched population-based control subjects (CSs) without diabetes mellitus (on the basis of sex, age, and county), to other national databases to capture hospitalizations and death. We examined the risk of hospitalization for AA and AD, as well as mortality risk after AA and AD using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression hazards models. Data on 448319 patients with T2DM and 2251015 CSs were obtained between 1998 and 2015. Mean follow-up time was 7.0years for the T2DM group and 7.2years for the CS group. Patients with T2DM had a relative risk reduction of 28% (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence interval, 0.68-0.76; P<0.0001) for AA and a 47% relative risk reduction (hazard ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.42-0.65; P<0.0001) for AD compared with CSs. Patients with T2DM had a relative risk reduction of 12% (hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% confidence interval, 0.82-0.94; P<0.0001) for mortality after hospitalization for AA, and unaltered risk (hazard ratio, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 0.85-1.34; P=0.5859) for mortality after AD, up to 2years compared with CSs.Patients with T2DM had significantly reduced risks of AA and AD as well as reduced risk of mortality after hospitalization for AA, compared to CS. Data suggest that glycated cross-links in aortic tissue may play a protective role in the progression of aortic diseases among patients with T2DM.
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| 3. |
- Hudson, Lawrence N, et al.
(författare)
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The database of the PREDICTS (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems) project
- 2017
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Ingår i: Ecology and Evolution. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2045-7758. ; 7:1, s. 145-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PREDICTS project-Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)-has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.
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| 4. |
- Taimour, Soumia, et al.
(författare)
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Survival, cardiovascular morbidity, and reinterventions after elective endovascular aortic aneurysm repair in patients with and without diabetes : A nationwide propensity-adjusted analysis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Vascular Medicine (United Kingdom). - 1358-863X. ; 24:6, s. 539-546
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epidemiological data indicate decreased risk for development and growth of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). On the other hand, DM adds to increased cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. In a nationwide observational cohort study of patients registered in the Swedish Vascular Register and the Swedish National Diabetes Register, we evaluated potential effects of DM on total mortality, CV morbidity, and the need for reintervention after elective endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) for AAA. We compared 748 patients with and 2630 without DM with propensity score-adjusted analysis, during a median 4.22 years of follow-up for patients with DM, and 4.05 years for those without. In adjusted analysis, diabetic patients showed higher rates of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during follow-up (relative risk (RR) 1.44, 95% CI 1.06–1.95; p = 0.02), but lower need for reintervention (RR 0.12, CI 0.02–0.91; p = 0.04). There were no differences in total (RR 0.88, CI 0.74–1.05; p = 0.15) or CV (RR 1.58, CI 0.87–2.86; p = 0.13) mortality, or stroke (RR 0.95, CI 0.68–1.32; p = 0.75) during follow-up. In conclusion, patients with DM had higher rates of AMI and lower need for reintervention after elective EVAR than those without DM, whereas neither total nor CV mortality differed between groups. The putative protective effects of DM towards further AAA enlargement and late sac rupture may help explain the lower need for reintervention and absence of excess mortality.
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| 5. |
- Abbott, Allan, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding the role of diabetes in the osteoarthritis disease and treatment process: a study protocol for the Swedish Osteoarthritis and Diabetes (SOAD) cohort
- 2019
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Ingår i: Bmj Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 9:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Metabolic comorbidities such as type II diabetes occur with a higher rate in people with OA than in the general population. Several factors including obesity, hyperglycaemia toxicity and physical inactivity have been suggested as potential links between diabetes and OA, and have been shown to negatively impact patients' health and quality of life. However, little is known on the role of diabetes in determining the outcome of non-surgical and surgical management of OA, and at the same time, how different OA interventions may affect diabetes control. Thus, the overall aim of this project is to explore (1) the impact of diabetes on the outcome of non-surgical and surgical OA treatments and (2) the impact of non-surgical and surgical OA treatments on diabetes control. Methods and analysis The study cohort is based on prospectively ascertained register data on a national level in Sweden. Data from OA patients who received a first-line non-surgical intervention and are registered in the National Quality Register for Better Management of Patients with Osteoarthritis will be merged with data from the Swedish Knee and Hip Arthroplasty Registers and the National Diabetes Register. Additional variables regarding patients' use of prescribed drugs, comorbidities, socioeconomic status and cause of death will be obtained through other national health and population data registers. The linkage will be performed on an individual level using unique personal identity numbers. Ethics and dissemination This study received ethical approval (2019-02570) from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority. Results from this cohort will be submitted to peer-reviewed scientific journals and reported at the leading national and international meetings in the field.
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| 6. |
- Abele, Eberhard, et al.
(författare)
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Learning factories for future oriented research and education in manufacturing
- 2017
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Ingår i: CIRP annals. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 66:2, s. 803-826
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Learning factories present a promising environment for education, training and research, especially in manufacturing related areas which are a main driver for wealth creation in any nation. While numerous learning factories have been built in industry and academia in the last decades, a comprehensive scientific overview of the topic is still missing. This paper intends to close this gap by establishing the state of the art of learning factories. The motivations, historic background, and the didactic foundations of learning factories are outlined. Definitions of the term learning factory and the corresponding morphological model are provided. An overview of existing learning factory approaches in industry and academia is provided, showing the broad range of different applications and varying contents. The state of the art of learning factories curricula design and their use to enhance learning and research as well as potentials and limitations are presented. Conclusions and an outlook on further research priorities are offered. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of CIRP.
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| 7. |
- Akram, Asif, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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AEOLIX Reference Book
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This is a documentation on the AEOLIX Reference Book (ARB), a website created during the project to collect, highlight and present emerging trends, technologies and practices that are of interest to the problem domain of the project (http://reference.aeolix.eu). The purpose of this document is to present the content of the website.
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| 8. |
- Bager, Johan-Emil, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment of hypertension in old patients without previous cardiovascular disease.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of hypertension. - 1473-5598. ; 37:11, s. 2269-2279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to compare the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) - nonfatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or stroke - at blood pressure levels that meet current recommendations with risk at lower levels, particularly in older patients.We identified patients with hypertension aged 40-90 years from a primary care register. Patients with a history of cancer, diabetes mellitus or CVD were excluded. Patients were divided into age groups (40-75 and 76-90), and four groups of SBP 110-129, 130-139 (reference), 140-149 and ≥150mmHg. We used the Kaplan-Meier estimator to study incidence of AMI, stroke and a composite of the two. Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios for outcomes.We included 31704 patients: 26663 were 40-75 years old and 5041 were 76-90 years old. Mean follow-up was 2 years. Although no significant differences in risk of any outcome were found in the younger group, low blood pressure was associated with the lowest risk in the older group. Older patients in the 110-129mmHg group had a lower incidence of CVD (15.9/1000 vs. 25.3/1000 person-years) than the reference group. After adjustment for covariates, the hazard ratio of CVD in older patients in the 110-129mmHg group compared with the reference group was 0.60 (95% confidence interval 0.40-0.92).Blood pressure levels lower than those currently recommended are not harmful among older patients. The association between lower SBP and lesser risk of CVD may instead suggest a beneficial effect of lower SBP.
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| 9. |
- Chantzichristos, Dimitrios, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence, prevalence and seasonal onset variation of Addison's disease among persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus: nationwide, matched cohort studies.
- 2018
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Ingår i: European journal of endocrinology. - 1479-683X. ; 178:1, s. 115-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We determined the incidence and prevalence of Addison's disease (AD) among persons with or without type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in nationwide, matched cohort studies.Persons with T1DM were identified from the Swedish National Diabetes Register and each was matched for age, sex, year and county to five controls randomly selected from the general population. Persons with AD were identified from the Swedish National Inpatient Register. Baseline demographics and seasonal onset variation of AD were presented by descriptive statistics. Prevalence and incidence were estimated by proportions and incidence rates, respectively. Times to AD were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard model.Between 1998 and 2013, 66 persons with T1DM were diagnosed with AD at a mean age (s.d.) of 36.4 (13.0) years among 36 514 persons with T1DM, while 32 were diagnosed with AD at a mean age of 42.7 (15.2) years among 182 570 controls. The difference in mean age at diagnosis of AD between the groups was 6.3 years (P value=0.036). The incidence of AD for a person with or without T1DM was therefore 193 and 18 per million person-years, respectively. The adjusted relative risk increase of developing AD in T1DM was 10.8 (95% CI: 7.1-16.5). The highest incidence of AD was observed during February-March and September-October. The prevalence of AD in persons with or without T1DM in December 2012 was 3410 and 208 per million, respectively. The odds ratio for AD in persons with T1DM vs controls was 16.5 (95% CI: 11.1-24.5).The risk to develop AD among persons with T1DM is more than 10 times higher than in persons without T1DM. Persons with T1DM develop AD at a younger age. The incidence of AD may have a seasonal pattern.
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| 10. |
- Chantzichristos, Dimitrios, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus and Addison's disease: a nationwide, matched, observational cohort study.
- 2017
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Ingår i: European journal of endocrinology. - 1479-683X. ; 176:1, s. 31-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our hypothesis was that patients with diabetes mellitus obtain an additional risk of death if they develop Addison's disease (AD).Nationwide, matched, observational cohort study cross-referencing the Swedish National Diabetes Register with Inpatient, Cancer and Cause of Death Registers in patients with diabetes (type 1 and 2) and AD and matched controls with diabetes. Clinical characteristics at baseline, overall, and cause-specific mortality were assessed. The relative risk of death was assessed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model.Between January 1996 and December 2012, 226 patients with diabetes and AD were identified and matched with 1129 controls with diabetes. Median (interquartile range) follow-up was 5.9 (2.7-8.6) years. When patients with diabetes were diagnosed with AD, they had an increased frequency of diabetes complications, but both medical history of cancer and coronary heart disease did not differ compared with controls. Sixty-four of the 226 patients with diabetes and AD (28%) died, while 112 of the 1129 controls (10%) died. The estimated relative risk increase (hazard ratio) in overall mortality in the diabetes and AD group was 3.89 (95% confidence interval 2.84-5.32) compared with controls with diabetes. The most common cause of death was cardiovascular in both groups, but patients with diabetes and AD showed an increased death rate from diabetes complications, infectious diseases and unknown causes.Patients with the rare combination of diabetes and AD showed a markedly increased mortality and died more frequently from infections and unknown causes than patients with diabetes alone. Improved strategy for the management of this combination of metabolic disorders is needed.
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