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- Ohara, N, et al.
(författare)
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Sequence analysis and variation of EBNA-1 in Epstein-Barr virus-related herpesvirus of cynomolgus monkey
- 2000
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Ingår i: Intervirology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0300-5526 .- 1423-0100. ; 43:2, s. 102-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <i>Objectives:</i> The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) is an important protein for immortalization and tumorigenesis of infected cells. EBNA-1 gene variants may play a role in tumorigenesis. We determined the nucleotide and amino acid (aa) sequences of EBNA-1 in EBV-related herpesviruses from cynomolgus monkeys (cynomolgus-EBV) which induced malignant lymphomas in its natural host and in rabbits, and compared them with sequences of EBV and other lymphocryptoviruses (LCVs). <i>Methods:</i> Polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing methods were performed using extracted DNA from cynomolgus-EBV-infected cell lines. <i>Results:</i> The amino acid sequences of cynomolgus-EBV EBNA-1 from two cell lines (Si-IIA: 588 aa; Ts-B6: 619 aa) which are antigenically cross-reactive to human EBV EBNA-1 showed homology with human EBV (Si-IIA: 53%; Ts-B6: 58%) and other LCVs from baboons (54 and 52%) and rhesus monkeys (60 and 58%), especially in the C-terminal unique domain. Homology of the EBNA-1 sequence between Si-IIA and Ts-B6 was 92%. The sequence difference between EBV and the related LCVs was manifested mainly in the length of the internal repeat 3-corresponding region, which contains serine in the glycine/alanine repeat region of nonhuman LCVs. <i>Conclusion:</i> Sequence variation of cynomolgus-EBV EBNA-1 from different cell lines was observed. However, their sequences show a relatively high homology with human EBV and share the common features of EBNA-1 of EBV and other LCVs.
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- Harness, Jay K, et al.
(författare)
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Future of thyroid surgery and training surgeons to meet the expectations of 2000 and beyond
- 2000
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Ingår i: World Journal of Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 24:8, s. 976-982
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What is the future of thyroid surgery in the new millennium? How can surgeons keep abreast of advances in thyroid endocrinology, genetics surgical therapy, and other aspects of thyroid disease management? How should surgeons be trained to become highly competent in thyroid disease and to perform safe, effective thyroid operative procedures? Nine internationally recognized endocrine surgeons were asked to express their views on these and related subjects. They noted that advances in molecular biology, pathology, and genetics of thyroid disease should allow more tailored surgical approaches during the twenty-first century. Current training of general surgical residents in thyroid and other types of endocrine surgery is highly variable, which may contribute to increased complication rates and number of second operations. The leadership for addressing these deficiencies and promoting a more organized approach to thyroid disease management should come from national endocrine surgery associations and their leaders. It is incumbent upon endocrine surgeons to maintain their central role in the management of many aspects of thyroid disease. Organizing teams of specialists into thyroid centers (centers of excellence) can (1) increase efficiency, (2) increase quality of care, (3) decrease costs, (4) encourage a more individualized approach to surgery, (5) lower complication rates, and (6) foster innovation in technology and disease management. Two years of additional fellowship training in thyroid and endocrine surgery is now being advocated by increasing numbers of national endocrine surgical associations as the best way to prepare surgeons for society's needs for highly skilled, competent thyroid surgeons of the future.
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