| 1. |
- Ahrens, J, et al.
(författare)
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Intermediate resonance excitation in the gamma p -> p pi(0)pi(0) reaction
- 2005
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Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 624:3-4, s. 173-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The helicity dependence of the total cross section for the (gamma) over right arrow(p) over right arrow -> p pi(0)pi(0) reaction has been measured for the first time at incident photon energies from 400 to 800 MeV. The measurement, performed at the tagged photon beam facility of the MAMI accelerator in Mainz, used the large acceptance detector DAPHNE and a longitudinally polarized frozen-spin target. This channel is found to be excited predominantly when the photon and proton have a parallel spin orientation, most likely due to the intermediate production of the D-13(1520) resonance. However, the contribution of the antiparallel spin configuration, arising from other reaction mechanisms, is also not negligible. This result gives important new information to resolve the existing model discrepancies in the identification of the nucleon resonances contributing to this channel.
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| 2. |
- Dutz, H, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of helicity-dependent photoabsorption cross sections on the neutron from 815 to 1825 MeV
- 2005
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Helicity-dependent total photoabsorption cross sections on the deuteron have been measured for the first time at ELSA (Bonn) in the photon energy range from 815 to 1825 MeV. Circularly polarized tagged photons impinging on a longitudinally polarized LiD target have been used together with a highly efficient 4 pi detector system. The data around 1 GeV are not compatible with predictions from existing multipole analyses. From the measured energy range an experimental contribution to the GDH integral on the neutron of [33.9 +/- 5.5(stat)+/- 4.5(syst)] mu b is extracted.
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| 3. |
- Iwata, S., et al.
(författare)
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Therapeutic hypothermia can be induced and maintained using either commercial water bottles or a "phase changing material'' mattress in a newborn piglet model
- 2009
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Ingår i: Archives of Disease in Childhood. - : BMJ. - 0003-9888 .- 1468-2044. ; 94:5, s. 387-391
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Therapeutic hypothermia, a safe and effective treatment for neonatal encephalopathy in an intensive care setting, is not available in low-resource settings. Aims/Methods: To assess two low-tech, low-cost cooling devices for use in low-resource settings: (i) commercially available water bottles filled with tepid water (25 degrees C); (ii) a mattress made of phase changing material (PCM) with a melting point of 32 degrees C (PCM works as a heat buffer at this temperature). Eleven anaesthetised newborn piglets were studied following transient hypoxia-ischaemia. The cooling device was applied 2-26 h after hypoxia-ischaemia with a target rectal temperature (T-rectal) of 33-34 degrees C. T-rectal undershoot was adjusted using cotton blankets; the cooling device was renewed when T-rectal rose above 35 degrees C. T-rectal data during cooling were dichotomised (within or without target) to assess: (a) the total period within the target T-rectal range; (b) the stability and fluctuation of T-rectal during cooling. Results: Therapeutic hypothermia was achieved with both water bottles (n=5) and the PCM mattress (n=6). The mean (SD) time to reach target T-rectal was 1.8 (0.5) h with water bottles and 1.9 (0.3) h with PCM. PCM cooling led to a longer period within the target T-rectal range (p<0.01) and more stable cooling (p<0.05). Water bottle cooling required device renewal (in four out of five piglets). Conclusion: Simple, low-tech cooling devices can induce and maintain therapeutic hypothermia effectively in a porcine model of neonatal encephalopathy, although frequent fine tuning by adjusting the number of blankets insulating the piglet was required to maintain a stable temperature. PCM may induce more stable cooling compared with water bottles.
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| 6. |
- Tsutsumi, A, et al.
(författare)
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Application of item response theory to achieve cross-cultural comparability of occupational stress measurement
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research. - : Wiley. - 1049-8931 .- 1557-0657. ; 18:1, s. 58-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our objective was to examine cross-cultural comparability of standard scales of the Effort-Reward Imbalance occupational stress scales by item response theory (IRT) analyses. Data were from 20,256 Japanese employees, 1464 Dutch nurses and nurses' aides, 2128 representative employees from post-communist countries, 963 Swedish representative employees, 421 Chinese female employees, 10,175 employees of the French national gas and electric company and 734 Spanish railroad employees, sanitary personnel and telephone operators. The IRT likelihood ratio model was used for differential item functioning (DIF) and differential test functioning (DTF) analyses. Despite the existence of DIF, most comparisons did not show discernible differences in the relations between Effort-Reward total score and level of the underlying trait across cultural groups. In the case that DTF was suspected, excluding an item with significant DIF improved the comparability. The full cross-cultural comparability of Effort-Reward Imbalance scores can be achieved with the help of IRT analysis.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Iwata, Takashi, et al.
(författare)
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Microdialysis monitoring for evaluation of the influence exertedby pneumoperitoneum on the kidney: an experimental study
- 2008
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Ingår i: Surgical Endoscopy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0930-2794 .- 1432-2218. ; 22, s. 938-942
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundLaparoscopic donor nephrectomy hasbecome the first choice for living donor kidney transplantation,offering advantages over open donor nephrectomy.This study aimed to evaluate kidney tissue metabolismduring and after pneumoperitoneum using a microdialysistechnique.MethodsEight pigs underwent laparotomy and implantationof two microdialysis catheters: one in the cortex andone in the medulla of the left kidney. After laparotomy, theabdominal wall was closed, and pneumoperitoneum wasinduced with a constant standard pressure of 16 to 18mmHg for 4 h, followed by rapid desufflation. In microdialysissamples collected from intrarenal catheters,markers of ischemia (glucose, lactate, pyruvate, and lactate–pyruvate ratio) and the marker of cell membraneinjury (glycerol) were monitored.ResultsThere were no changes in glucose, lactate, orpyruvate level before, during, or after pneumoperitoneum,either in the cortex or in the medulla. Additionally, thecalculated lactate–pyruvate ratio did not show signs ofischemia during or after pneumoperitoneum. However,with regard to the marker of cell injury, glycerol increasedin the medulla after decompression from 22.57 ± 3.76 to35.67 ± 5.43 mmol/l (p < 0.01). This release of glycerol inthe medulla was significantly higher than in the cortex(area under the curve [AUC], 22.18 ± 4.87 vs34.79 ± 7.88 mmol/l;p < 0.01).ConclusionsThe pattern of metabolic changes monitoredin the kidney during and after pneumoperitoneum indicatessome kind of cell injury predominant in the medulla withoutany signs of kidney ischemia. This nonischemic injury couldbe related to hyperperfusion of the kidney after decompressionor injury to cells attributable to mechanical cellexpansion at the point of rapid decompression.
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