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- Huong, Le Thi, et al.
(författare)
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Diet and nutritional status among children 24-59 months by seasons in a mountainous area of Northern Vietnam in 2012
- 2014
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Ingår i: Global Health Action. - : Co-Action publishing. - 1654-9716 .- 1654-9880. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Seasonal variation affects food availability. However, it is not clear if it affects dietary intake and nutritional status of children in Vietnam. OBJECTIVES: This paper aims at examining the seasonal variation in nutrition status and dietary intake of children aged 24-59 months. DESIGN: A repeated cross-sectional study design was used to collect data of changes in nutritional status and diets of children from 24 to 59 months through four seasons in Chiem Hoa district, Tuyen Quang province, a predominately rural mountainous province of northern Vietnam. The quantitative component includes anthropometric measurements, 24 hours dietary recall and socio-economic characteristics. The qualitative component was conducted through focus group discussions (FGDs) with mothers of the children surveyed in the quantitative component. The purpose of FGDs was to explore the food habits of children during the different seasons and the behaviours of their mothers in relation to the food that they provide during these seasons. RESULTS: The prevalence of underweight among children aged 24-59 months is estimated at around 20-25%; it peaked in summer (24.9%) and reached a low in winter (21.3%). The prevalence of stunting was highest in summer (29.8%) and lowest in winter (22.2%). The prevalence of wasting in children was higher in spring and autumn (14.3%) and lower in summer (9.3%). Energy intake of children was highest in the autumn (1259.3 kcal) and lowest in the summer (996.9 kcal). Most of the energy and the nutrient intakes during the four seasons did not meet the Vietnamese National Institute of Nutrition recommendation. CONCLUSIONS: Our study describes some seasonal variation in nutrition status and energy intake among children in a mountainous area northern Vietnam. Our study indicated that the prevalence of stunting and underweight was higher in summer and autumn, while the prevalence of wasting was higher in spring and autumn. Energy intake did not always meet national recommendations, especially in summer.
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| 2. |
- Gaudet, Mia M., et al.
(författare)
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Common Genetic Variants and Modification of Penetrance of BRCA2-Associated Breast Cancer
- 2010
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Ingår i: PLoS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404. ; 6:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The considerable uncertainty regarding cancer risks associated with inherited mutations of BRCA2 is due to unknown factors. To investigate whether common genetic variants modify penetrance for BRCA2 mutation carriers, we undertook a two-staged genome-wide association study in BRCA2 mutation carriers. In stage 1 using the Affymetrix 6.0 platform, 592,163 filtered SNPs genotyped were available on 899 young (, 40 years) affected and 804 unaffected carriers of European ancestry. Associations were evaluated using a survival-based score test adjusted for familial correlations and stratified by country of the study and BRCA2*6174delT mutation status. The genomic inflation factor (lambda) was 1.011. The stage 1 association analysis revealed multiple variants associated with breast cancer risk: 3 SNPs had p-values, 10 25 and 39 SNPs had p-values<10(-4). These variants included several previously associated with sporadic breast cancer risk and two novel loci on chromosome 20 (rs311499) and chromosome 10 (rs16917302). The chromosome 10 locus was in ZNF365, which contains another variant that has recently been associated with breast cancer in an independent study of unselected cases. In stage 2, the top 85 loci from stage 1 were genotyped in 1,264 cases and 1,222 controls. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for stage 1 and 2 were combined and estimated using a retrospective likelihood approach, stratified by country of residence and the most common mutation, BRCA2*6174delT. The combined per allele HR of the minor allele for the novel loci rs16917302 was 0.75 (95% CI 0.66-0.86, p = 3: 8 x 10(-5)) and for rs311499 was 0.72 (95% CI 0.61-0.85, p = 6: 6 x 10(-5)). FGFR2 rs2981575 had the strongest association with breast cancer risk (per allele HR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.18-1.39, p = 1: 2 x 10(-8)). These results indicate that SNPs that modify BRCA2 penetrance identified by an agnostic approach thus far are limited to variants that also modify risk of sporadic BRCA2 wild-type breast cancer.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Nguyen, Phuong, et al.
(författare)
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Distributed routing algorithms to manage power flow in agent-based active distribution network
- 2010
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Ingår i: IEEE PES Conference on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe, Gothenburg, Sweden, October 10-13, 2010. - 9781424485109
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current transition from passive to active electric distribution networks comes with problems on bi-directional power flow in the network and the uncertainty in the forecast of power generation from grid-connected renewable and distributed energy sources. The power flow management would need to be distributed, flexible, and intelligent in order to cope with these challenges. Considering the optimal power flow (OPF) problem as a minimum cost flow represented with the graph, this paper applies a cost-scaling push-relabel algorithm in order to solve the OPF in a distributed agent environment. The algorithm’s performance is compared with the successive shortest path algorithm developed in our previous work. The simulation is implemented for both meshed and radial networks. The simulation results have shown the advantages of the cost- scaling push-relabel algorithm over the shortest path algorithm in the radial networks with respect to significantly reduced number of exchanged messages on the agent platform, and thus the reduced time for calculation. This will be of great importance if the method is to be applied to a large system.
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| 5. |
- Son Phuong, Le, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Low-frequency noise in AlN/AlGaN/GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor devices: A comparison with Schottky devices.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 116:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have systematically investigated low-frequency noise (LFN) in AlN/AlGaN/GaN metalinsulator- semiconductor (MIS) devices, where the AlN gate insulator layer was sputteringdeposited on the AlGaN surface, in comparison with LFN in AlGaN/GaN Schottky devices. By measuring LFN in ungated two-terminal devices and heterojunction field-effect transistors (HFETs), we extracted LFN characteristics in the intrinsic gated region of the HFETs. Although there is a bias regime of the Schottky-HFETs in which LFN is dominated by the gate leakage current, LFN in theMIS-HFETs is always dominated by only the channel current. Analyzing the channel-current-dominated LFN, we obtained Hooge parameters α for the gated region as a function of the sheet electron concentration ns under the gate. In a regime of small ns, both the MIS- and Schottky-HFETs exhibit α ∝ ns–1. On the other hand, in a middle ns regime of the MIS-HFETs, α decreases rapidly like ns–ξ with ξ~2-3, which is not observed for the Schottky- HFETs. In addition, we observe strong increase in α ∝ ns3 in a large ns regime for both the MIS- and Schottky-HFETs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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