| 1. |
- Allard, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Småbiotopsuppföljning i NILS år 2008
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport presenterar resultat för mängden av småbiotoper vid åkermark i det svenska landskapet. Analyserna görs på uppdrag av Jordbruksverket, som underlag för bl.a. utvärderingen av miljökvalitetsmålet Ett rikt odlingslandskap. Särskilda rutiner har tagits fram för att aggregera olika variabler för att välja ut de småbiotoper som uppfyller de krav som Jordbruksverket har ställt upp, ur den befintliga databasen. Urvalet av småbiotoper är anpassat för att överensstämma med det urval av objekt som ingår i det s.k. KULT-stödet (miljöersättning till lantbrukare för skötsel av värdefulla natur- och kulturmiljöer) inom Jordbruksverkets Landsbygdsprogram. Arbetet har utförts vid institutionen för skoglig resurshushållning, Sveriges lantbruks-universitet, Umeå. Resultaten baseras på data från flygbildsinventeringen inom det nationella miljöövervakningsprogrammet NILS (Nationell Inventering av Landskapet i Sverige) vilket följer tillstånd och förändringar i det svenska landskapet och hur dessa påverkar förutsättningarna för den biologiska mångfalden. NILS finansieras av Naturvårdsverket, och ingår där i programområde Landskap. Ett viktigt syfte med programmet är att följa upp de nationella miljökvalitetsmålen för olika naturtyper och fungera som underlag för att se om genomförda policybeslut och miljövårdsåtgärder leder till önskade förbättringar
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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A transcriptional timetable of autumn senescence
- 2004
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Ingår i: Genome Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-6906 .- 1474-760X. ; 5:4, s. R24-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background We have developed genomic tools to allow the genus Populus (aspens and cottonwoods) to be exploited as a full-featured model for investigating fundamental aspects of tree biology. We have undertaken large-scale expressed sequence tag (EST) sequencing programs and created Populus microarrays with significant gene coverage. One of the important aspects of plant biology that cannot be studied in annual plants is the gene activity involved in the induction of autumn leaf senescence. Results On the basis of 36,354 Populus ESTs, obtained from seven cDNA libraries, we have created a DNA microarray consisting of 13,490 clones, spotted in duplicate. Of these clones, 12,376 (92%) were confirmed by resequencing and all sequences were annotated and functionally classified. Here we have used the microarray to study transcript abundance in leaves of a free-growing aspen tree (Populus tremula) in northern Sweden during natural autumn senescence. Of the 13,490 spotted clones, 3,792 represented genes with significant expression in all leaf samples from the seven studied dates. Conclusions We observed a major shift in gene expression, coinciding with massive chlorophyll degradation, that reflected a shift from photosynthetic competence to energy generation by mitochondrial respiration, oxidation of fatty acids and nutrient mobilization. Autumn senescence had much in common with senescence in annual plants; for example many proteases were induced. We also found evidence for increased transcriptional activity before the appearance of visible signs of senescence, presumably preparing the leaf for degradation of its components.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Cederholm, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Risk prediction of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes : A risk equation from the Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR)
- 2008
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Ingår i: Diabetes Care. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0149-5992 .- 1935-5548. ; 31:10, s. 2038-2043
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE - Risk prediction models obtained in samples from the general population do mot perform well in type 2 diabetic patients. Recently, 5-year risk estimates were proposed as being more accurate than 10-year risk estimates. This study presents a diabetes-specific equation for estimation of the absolute 5-year risk of first incident fatal/nonfatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetic patients with the use of A1C and clinical characteristics.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - The study was based on 11,646 female and male patients, aged 18-70 years, from the Swedish National Diabetes Register with 1,482 first incident CVD events based on 58,342 person-years with mean follow-up) of 5.64 years.RESULTS - This risk equation incorporates A1C, as in the UK Prospective Diabetes Study risk engine, and several clinical characteristics: onset age of diabetes, diabetes duration, sex, BMI, smoking, systolic blood pressure, and antihypertensive and lipid-reducing drugs. All predictors included were associated with the Outcome (P < 0.0001, except for BMI P = 0.0016) with Cox regression analysis. Calibration was excellent when assessed by comparing observed and predicted risk. Discrimination was sufficient, with a receiver operator curve statistic of 0.70. Mean 5-year risk of CVD in all patients was 12.0 +/- 7.5%, whereas 54% of the patients had a 5-year risk >= 10%.CONCLUSIONS - This more simplified risk equation enables 5-year risk prediction of CVD based on easily available nonlaboratory predictors in clinical practice and A1C and was elaborated in a large observational study obtained from the normal patient population aged up to 70 years.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Dal, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Spara och bevara.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Här får intet arbete utföras.. - 9789197700603 ; , s. 150-157
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 8. |
- Eeg-Olofsson, Katarina, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes: an observational study in 13,087 patients.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0428 .- 0012-186X. ; 52:1, s. 65-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study of type 2 diabetic patients in the Swedish National Diabetes Register was to study the associations of BMI, overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m(2)) and obesity (BMI >or= 30 kg/m(2)) with cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes, as these associations have not previously been clarified. METHODS: Patients aged 30-74 years with no previous CHD or stroke (N = 13,087) were followed for a mean of 5.6 years until 2003 for fatal or non-fatal CHD, stroke, cardiovascular disease (CHD or stroke) and total mortality. In total, 1,922 cardiovascular-disease events occurred, based on 64,864 person-years. RESULTS: The relative risks of CHD, stroke, cardiovascular disease and total mortality for a 5 unit increase in BMI at baseline were 15%, 11%, 13% and 27%, respectively, using Cox regression analysis, after adjusting for age, sex, diabetes duration, hypoglycaemic treatment and smoking (model 1), and were 9%, 4% (not significant), 7% and 20%, respectively, when adjusting also for HbA(1c), blood pressure, antihypertensive drugs, lipid-reducing drugs and microalbuminuria (model 2). Adjusted hazard ratios (model 1) for CHD, cardiovascular disease and total mortality with overweight were 1.27 (95% CI 1.09-1.48), 1.24 (1.09-1.41) and 1.16 (0.94-1.45), respectively, and 1.49 (1.27-1.76), 1.44 (1.26-1.64) and 1.71 (1.36-2.14) with obesity, as compared with normal weight. Significant hazard ratios were attenuated when adjusted according to model 2. For a 1 unit increase in BMI during follow-up, the relative risk of CHD (model 2) was 1.13 (1.04-1.23; p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Both overweight and obesity independently increased the risk of CHD and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. The CHD risk was higher with increasing BMI than with stable or decreasing BMI during the study.
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| 9. |
- Engqvist, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Strategies in caring for women with postpartum psychosis--an interview study with psychiatric nurses.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 16:7, s. 1333-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore strategies in caring for women with postpartum psychosis used by nurses. BACKGROUND: The most serious type of psychiatric illness in connection with childbirth is postpartum psychosis. Nearly two in 1000 newly delivered women are stricken by postpartum psychosis. Most of these patients need psychiatric care to recover. While earlier studies point to the need for psychiatric care, knowledge of specific nursing strategies in caring for postpartum psychosis patients remains limited. METHODS: Interviews with 10 experienced psychiatric nurses were carried out, transcribed verbatim and an inductive content analysis was made. RESULT: The main strategies for care found in this study were: (i) To create a patient-nurse relationship and (ii) To apply nursing therapeutic interventions. Presence, continuity and nurse-patient partnership contributed to create a relationship and incorporate the rest of the care team. To satisfy the patients' basic needs and feeling of security was the foundation of the nursing therapeutic interventions. Confirmation and giving hope were also used as nursing therapeutics as well as information to the patient and her relatives about her illness. CONCLUSION: The conclusion of the study is that strategies used by nurses are a combination of general and psychiatric nursing approaches but the specificity in caring knowledge for caring patients with postpartum psychosis requires further development. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The result of the study indicates that it is important to organize patient care for postpartum psychosis with continuity and consistency and to support the nurse to create a relationship and therapeutic intervention with the patient. The present study shows the importance of further developing specific nursing theories that can be applied when caring for patients with postpartum psychosis. It also shows the need for further pedagogical education for mental health nurses.
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| 10. |
- Gudbjörnsdottir, Soffia, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factor control in patients with Type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease : findings from the Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR)
- 2009
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Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0742-3071 .- 1464-5491. ; 26:1, s. 53-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Patients with Type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD) are infrequently treated to risk factor targets in current guidelines. We aimed to examine risk factor management and control levels in a large sample of patients with Type 2 diabetes with CHD. METHODS: This was an observational study of 1612 patients with first incidence of CHD before 2002, and of 4570 patients with first incidence of CHD before 2005, from the Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR). RESULTS: In patients with CHD 1-2 years before follow-up, the achievement of cardiovascular risk factor targets (follow-up 2002/follow-up 2005) was: HbA(1c) < 7%, 47%/54% (P < 0.01); blood pressure < or = 130/80 mmHg, 31%/40% (P < 0.001); total cholesterol < 4.5 mmol/l, 47%/60% (P < 0.001); and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol < 2.5 mmol/l, 49%/65% (P < 0.001). Use of medication: antihypertensives, 90%/94% (P < 0.01); lipid-lowering drugs, 75%/86% (P < 0.001); and aspirin, 85%/89% (P < 0.05). A high prevalence of adverse lifestyle characteristics prevailed (2002/2005): overweight [body mass index (BMI) > or = 25 kg/m(2)], 86%/85%; obesity (BMI > or = 30 kg/m(2)), 41%/42%; smokers in age group < 65 years, 16-23%/18-19%; as well as waist circumference > or = 102 cm (men) or > or = 88 cm (women), 68% in 2005. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with a combination of Type 2 diabetes and CHD showed an increased use of lipid-lowering drugs over time, corresponding to improving blood lipid levels. A discrepancy existed between the prevalent use of antihypertensive drugs and the low proportion reaching blood pressure targets. Regretfully, a high prevalence of adverse lifestyle characteristics prevailed. Evidence-based therapy with professional lifestyle intervention and drugs seems urgent for improved quality of secondary prevention in these patients.
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