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- Grieser, M., et al.
(författare)
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Storage ring at HIE-ISOLDE
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal: Special Topics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1951-6401 .- 1951-6355. ; 207:1, s. 1-117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose to install a storage ring at an ISOL-type radioactive beam facility for the first time. Specifically, we intend to setup the heavy-ion, low-energy ring TSR at the HIE-ISOLDE facility in CERN, Geneva. Such a facility will provide a capability for experiments with stored secondary beams that is unique in the world. The envisaged physics programme is rich and varied, spanning from investigations of nuclear ground-state properties and reaction studies of astrophysical relevance, to investigations with highly-charged ions and pure isomeric beams. The TSR might also be employed for removal of isobaric contaminants from stored ion beams and for systematic studies within the neutrino beam programme. In addition to experiments performed using beams recirculating within the ring, cooled beams can also be extracted and exploited by external spectrometers for high-precision measurements. The existing TSR, which is presently in operation at the Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, is well-suited and can be employed for this purpose. The physics cases as well as technical details of the existing ring facility and of the beam and infrastructure requirements at HIE-ISOLDE are discussed in the present technical design report.
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- Hultman, Karin, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 and Protease Nexin-1 in Human Astrocytes: Response to Injury-Related Factors.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuroscience Research. - 1097-4547. ; 88:11, s. 2441-2449
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Astrocytes play a diverse role in central nervous system (CNS) injury. Production of the serine protease inhibitors (serpins) plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and protease nexin-1 (PN-1) by astrocytes may counterbalance excessive serine protease activity associated with CNS pathologies such as ischemic stroke. Knowledge regarding the regulation of these genes in the brain is limited, so the objective of the present study was to characterize the effects of injury-related factors on serpin expression in human astrocytes. Native human astrocytes were exposed to hypoxia or cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-10, transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), and TGF-beta for 0-20 hr. Serpin mRNA expression and protein secretion were determined by real-time RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Localization of PAI-1 and PN-1 in human brain tissue was examined by immunohistochemistry. Hypoxia and all assayed cytokines induced a significant increase in PAI-1 expression, whereas prolonged treatment with IL-1beta or TNF-alpha resulted in a significant down-regulation. The most pronounced induction of both PAI-1 and PN-1 was observed following early treatment with TGF-alpha. In contrast to PAI-1, the PN-1 gene did not respond to hypoxia. Positive immunoreactivity for PAI-1 in human brain tissue was demonstrated in reactive astrocytes within gliotic areas of temporal cortex. We show here that human astrocytes express PAI-1 and PN-1 and demonstrate that this astrocytic expression is regulated in a dynamic manner by injury-related factors.
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- Johansen, J. G., et al.
(författare)
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Experimental study of bound states in Be-12 through low-energy Be-11(d,p)-transfer reactions
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 88:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The bound states of Be-12 have been studied through a Be-11(d, p) Be-12 transfer reaction experiment in inverse kinematics. A 2.8 MeV/u beam of Be-11 was produced using the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN. The outgoing protons were detected with the T-REX silicon detector array. The MINIBALL germanium array was used to detect gamma rays from the excited states in Be-12. The gamma-ray detection enabled a clear identification of the four known bound states in Be-12, and each of the states has been studied individually. Differential cross sections over a large angular range have been extracted. Spectroscopic factors for each of the states have been determined from distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) calculations and have been compared to previous experimental and theoretical results.
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- Nilsson, Fredrik, 1965
(författare)
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Architectural assemblages and materializations-changing notions of tectonics and materiality in contemporary architecture
- 2013
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Ingår i: Structures and Architecture: New concepts, applications and challenges. - : CRC Press. - 9781482224610 - 9780415661959 ; , s. 408-416
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The discussions on architectural tectonics have been growing dur ing the last decades, not least in relation to the development of digital technologies and their use in architectural design. During the sam e period there has been a "materi al turn" within othe r disciplines and several theoretical frameworks relating to m ateriality, artefacts, assemblages and performance have been developed and discussed. This paper presents some of these discussi ons and theories with relation to the built environment. The aim is to contribute to the critical understanding and further development of central concepts and tectonic theories in contemporary architecture.
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- Nilsson, Fredrik, 1965
(författare)
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Architectural Laborations. Setting up research as strategic tools in architectural practice
- 2013
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Ingår i: Knowing (by) Designing. - 9789081323864 ; , s. 754-763
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Challenges in architectural projects and built environments are increasing and there are growing needs to integrate different fields of knowledge in more conscious ways. The interest for research within architectural practices has grown enormously during last years, and is used as a strategic tool to develop architectural design as well as a trademark to attract both employees and clients. This paper will as one case from the ongoing changes in architectural practice, present some of the research initiatives at White arkitekter, the largest architectural office in Scandinavia and in which the author has worked since 2000. The office has a long tradition of research and development, but last years there have been intensified efforts to develop more coordinated research and to integrate it closer into creative practice.The paper will elaborate on the notions of research used within the firm, and presents efforts to set up a distributed research laboratory environment including practice-based doctoral projects working part-time in architectural projects. The intention is to show how research activities could be connected closer to architectural design practice, and meet the contemporary challenges to elucidate and use designerly thinking as well as the specific knowledge generated in the practice of the field.
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- Nilsson, Fredrik, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Building a culture of doctoral scholarship in architecture and design. A Belgian-Scandinavian case
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Architectural Research. - 1893-5281. ; 23:1, s. 41-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this paper is to present how a strongly practice oriented school of architecture in Belgium has tackled the challenges of the European policies for establishing a doctoral level. Some top-down activities of formal research education and some bottom-up initiatives by the PhD students and tutors are presented and discussed. These developments can indicate that a new practice-based scholarship, initiated by the doctoral studies, is emerging at this institution. The Bologna-Berlin policies recognized doctoral studies as the third cycle in European higher education. For Sint-Lucas School of Architecture it has meant to develop a new culture, a culture of research and doctoral scholarship. The intentions of the school were to develop experimental, practice-based concepts for this research. The process, started in spring 2006, built on four Research Training Sessions (RTS) intended to help primarily younger teachers without any research experience to define their research interests, based on their double practice as professionals and teachers of architecture. Furthermore, it was expected that their doctoral studies would be commenced based on a research proposal defined during the RTS series. The authors, both with extensive experience from Scandinavian research education in architecture, spatial planning and design, and from research in the professional fields, were requested to develop one of the four RTSes. This RTS is called Forms & Processes of Knowledge and “…focuses on different forms of knowledge and how these forms originate. There is a specific focus on the forms of knowledge present in the domain of architecture and design, put in relation to other kinds of knowledge. Established modes and notions of scientific knowledge are discussed together with other ways of knowledge production” (1). Subsequently, they were offered positions as guest professors with responsibility to provide supervision to participants of the sessions. The RTS represents a meta-level of the research education, while the micro-level is being constituted by various forms of mentoring, like the traditional doctoral supervision of one PhD students by one supervisor, as well as the peer-learning in assignments and collaborations between PhD students.The authors developed, besides “their own” RTS, an autonomous research education unit within the curriculum, since we through our collective learning process identified a need to build a mezzo-level for the pedagogical concept. While the macro- and micro- levels rely on the traditional pedagogy of lectures and supervision in the doctoral studies, the mezzo-level is based on the assumption that in order to become an innovative researcher within post-academic sciences, (which practice-based research is a representative of) a young researcher should first strengthen her identity and master the craft of the traditional research. In every profession its craft is constituted by certain professional skills and by critical attitude to quality of the professional results. Thus we offered to the doctoral students a series of workshops in “Scholarly Craft & Criticism”. These workshops included assignments, presentations and critical discussions on e.g. recent doctoral thesises, phases and requirements for producing a dissertation, research design of their projects, and philosophy of science for architects.In April 2009 eight RTS-alumni, now doctoral students enrolled at various European institutions, organized a seminar documenting their growing epistemological awareness regarding practice-based doctoral scholarship. The seminar witnessed emergence of a community of research practice with potential to initiate a new profession-based scholarship.The paper presents and discusses this autonomous research education unit within the emerging doctoral curriculum of the Sint-Lucas School of Architecture. It also describes how the practice-based PhD students recognized the role of this unit in the process of their growing epistemological awareness and maturing as prospective design scholars. These presentations are based on observations and documentations from research training activities during the years of the RTS program.The value of this paper is the positioning of an epistemological-pedagogical stance with regard to research education for practitioners. Some opinions hold that practice-based researchers do not need epistemological and scholarly foundations in order to pursue practice-oriented research, and there are research educational programs with aims to “avoid verbal theorising or credential-seeking through reference to texts from other disciplines”. Our stance is that practice-based PhD students should be introduced to and trained in certain generic research skills. By that the professional doctorate will be trained to contextualise and position their research as well as to be communicative and innovative in a broad professional field.
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