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- Accomando, E., et al.
(författare)
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Physics with e + e - linear colliders
- 1998
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Ingår i: Physics Reports. - 0370-1573. ; 299:1, s. 1-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The physics potential of e + e - linear colliders is summarized in this report. These machines are planned to operate in the first phase at a center-of-mass energy of 500 GeV, before being scaled up to about 1 TeV. In the second phase of the operation, a final energy of about 2 TeV is expected. The machines will allow us to perform precision tests of the heavy particles in the Standard Model, the top quark and the electroweak bosons. They are ideal facilities for exploring the properties of Higgs particles, in particular in the intermediate mass range. New vector bosons and novel matter particles in extended gauge theories can be searched for and studied thoroughly. The machines provide unique opportunities for the discovery of particles in supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model, the spectrum of Higgs particles, the supersymmetric partners of the electroweak gauge and Higgs bosons, and of the matter particles. High precision analyses of their properties and interactions will allow for extrapolations to energy scales close to the Planck scale where gravity becomes significant. In alternative scenarios, i.e. compositeness models, novel matter particles and interactions can be discovered and investigated in the energy range above the existing colliders up to the TeV scale. Whatever scenario is realized in Nature, the discovery potential of e + e - linear colliders and the high precision with which the properties of particles and their interactions can be analyzed, define an exciting physics program complementary to hadron machines.
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| 2. |
- Söderdahl, G, et al.
(författare)
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Ursodeoxycholic acid increased bile flow and affects bile composition in the early postoperative phase following liver transplantation
- 1998
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Ingår i: Transplant International. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 0934-0874 .- 1432-2277. ; 11:Suppl 1, s. S231-S238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Orally given ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has beneficial effects on laboratory parameters in different cholestatic conditions. In order to investigate the effect on early graft function after liver transplantation, 33 patients were randomized to receive either UDCA 15 mg/kg per day or placebo from the 1st postoperative day until 3 months after transplantation. All liver grafts produced bile within 24 h after revascularization. In both groups there was an increasing bile flow each day until day 5 after transplantation. This increase was more pronounced in the UDCA group where the flow on day 2 reached a mean value of 183 +/- 28 ml/day compared to 106 +/- 17 ml/day in the placebo group (P < 0.05). The average daily volume of bile produced during the first 10 days was also found to be higher in the UDCA group compared to the placebo group (242 +/- 20 ml vs 176 +/- 18 ml, P < 0.02). In the UDCA group a significant decrease in total bile acid output between the 5th and 10th postoperative days was found, while in the placebo group the amount of bile acids excreted remained stable over time. The composition of bile differed between the two groups with an increase in the portion of UDCA in the UDCA group from the 2nd postoperative day (25% vs 4.6%, P < 0.0003). The fraction of UDCA then remained high during the whole study period with a peak at day 3 when 38.1 +/- 6.6% of the bile acids consisted of UDCA. In the placebo group, the fraction of UDCA was low from the beginning and diminished further over time. Prophylactic UDCA treatment was found to have a significant positive impact on the ALT level during the 4th and 5th postoperative days, but had no effect on bilirubin or GGT in the early postoperative phase (days 1-10). No differences in cyclosporine requirement were found between the two groups.
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