| 1. |
- Brorsson, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Maximal strength in one leg squat correlates with acceleration capacity and agility
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: In many intermittent team sports capacities such as speed, agility and explosiveness are important for performance and are evaluated by sprint-, agility- and strength tests. Earlier studies have shown strong correlations between strength in the two leg squat exercise and sprint performance in various distances but not in sprint performance in agility. Studies evaluating squat strength predominantly perform tests on two legs even when they test athletes involved in intermittent sports where sprinting and agility are common features. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between maximal strength in a one leg squat (Bulgarian split squat) and acceleration capacity in various sprint distances and agility.METHODS: The test group consisted of 19 men (mean age 24 ± 2 years ) with experience in intermittent team sports. Acceleration capacity was assessed by sprint tests at 5, 10 and 20 meters and agility was evaluated using the zigzag agility test. The timing was made using photocells (Muscle lab,Ergotest Technology,Norway). The Bulgarian split squat was performed in a smith machine with the barbell on the shoulders to a depth of 110 degrees between tibia and femur.RESULTS: The results show significant correlation between maximal strength in the Bulgarian split squat and sprint capacity in the 5 and 10 meter sprint test (Rp= -0,56; p<0.01) as well as the agility test. Maximal strength relative to bodyweight showed significant correlation with the 5 and 20 meter sprint (Rp=-0,62; p< 0,01) as well as the agility test. The zigzag agility test also showed significant correlation between all distances in the sprint tests (p<0.01).CONCLUSION: The results from this study show that there maximal strength in one leg correlate significantly with both acceleration capacity and agility. Implementing one leg exercises in the strength and conditioning routine can be useful for athletes in intermittent sports wanting to improve agility and short sprinting capacity. Further implications is that the Bulgarian split squat could be a more functional test for agility performance than the squat on two legs which predominantly is being used today.
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| 2. |
- Gambäck, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Active Learning for Dialogue Act Classification
- 2011. - 9
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Active learning techniques were employed for classification of dialogue acts over two dialogue corpora, the English human-human Switchboard corpus and the Spanish human-machine Dihana corpus. It is shown clearly that active learning improves on a baseline obtained through a passive learning approach to tagging the same data sets. An error reduction of 7% was obtained on Switchboard, while a factor 5 reduction in the amount of labeled data needed for classification was achieved on Dihana. The passive Support Vector Machine learner used as baseline in itself significantly improves the state of the art in dialogue act classification on both corpora. On Switchboard it gives a 31% error reduction compared to the previously best reported result.
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| 3. |
- Holmes, Michael V., et al.
(författare)
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Secretory Phospholipase A(2)-IIA and Cardiovascular Disease
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 62:21, s. 1966-1976
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives This study sought to investigate the role of secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2))-IIA in cardiovascular disease. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanBackground Higher circulating levels of sPLA(2)-IIA mass or sPLA(2) enzyme activity have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events. However, it is not clear if this association is causal. A recent phase III clinical trial of an sPLA(2) inhibitor (varespladib) was stopped prematurely for lack of efficacy. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods We conducted a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis of 19 general population studies (8,021 incident, 7,513 prevalent major vascular events [MVE] in 74,683 individuals) and 10 acute coronary syndrome (ACS) cohorts (2,520 recurrent MVE in 18,355 individuals) using rs11573156, a variant in PLA2G2A encoding the sPLA(2)-IIA isoenzyme, as an instrumental variable. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults PLA2G2A rs11573156 C allele associated with lower circulating sPLA(2)-IIA mass (38% to 44%) and sPLA(2) enzyme activity (3% to 23%) per C allele. The odds ratio (OR) for MVE per rs11573156 C allele was 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98 to 1.06) in general populations and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.90 to 1.03) in ACS cohorts. In the general population studies, the OR derived from the genetic instrumental variable analysis for MVE for a 1-log unit lower sPLA(2)-IIA mass was 1.04 (95% CI: 0.96 to 1.13), and differed from the non-genetic observational estimate (OR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.79). In the ACS cohorts, both the genetic instrumental variable and observational ORs showed a null association with MVE. Instrumental variable analysis failed to show associations between sPLA2 enzyme activity and MVE. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions Reducing sPLA(2)-IIA mass is unlikely to be a useful therapeutic goal for preventing cardiovascular events.
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| 4. |
- Jacobson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Final testing protocols
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report is the final document summarizing the inspection and testing protocols of the eVALUE project. It describes principles, inspection protocols and testing protocols for performance testing of ICT-based safety systems. The inspection protocols (published earlier in D2.2) and the testing protocols introduced in D3.1 are replaced by the ones in D3.2. The older versions are obsolete and should be disregarded. The inspection protocols cover the definition of the test vehicle, HMI aspects, environmental conditions, and functional safety. The inspection protocols are used to prepare for the physical tests as well as evaluating the performance of the vehicle. The testing protocols address longitudinal, lateral, and stability-oriented traffic scenarios. The longitudinal scenarios include a pedestrian crossing the road in front of the vehicle, or the situation where a driver approaches a stationary queue of cars. Involuntarily lane departures and cars in the blind spot during a lane change are situations covered by the lateral scenarios. Exiting a highway, avoiding an obstacle, and braking on a partially ice-covered road surface are examples of traffic scenarios related to stability.
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| 5. |
- Olsson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Chronic prostatic infection and inflammation by propionibacterium acnes in a rat prostate infection model
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public library of science. - 1932-6203. ; 7:12, s. e51434-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic inflammation in the prostate, seen as infiltration of inflammatory cells into the prostate gland in histological samples, affects approximately half the male population without indication of prostate disease, and is almost ubiquitous in patients diagnosed with benign prostate hyperplasia and cancer. Several studies have demonstrated the Gram-positive bacterium Propionibacterium acnes to be frequently present in prostate tissue from men suffering from prostate disease. P. acnes has been shown to be associated with histological inflammation in human prostatectomy specimens, and also to induce strong inflammatory response in prostate-derived tissue culture models. The present paper describes a rat model for assessment of the pathogenic potential of P. acnes in prostate. Prostate glands of Sprague Dawley rats (n = 98) were exposed via an abdominal incision and live P. acnes or, in control rats, saline were injected into the ventral and dorso-lateral lobes. Rats were sacrificed 5 days, 3 weeks, 3 months and 6 months post infection, and prostate tissue was analyzed for bacterial content and histological inflammation. Rat sera were assessed for levels of CRP and anti-P. acnes IgG. Live P. acnes could be recovered from the dorso-lateral lobes up to 3 months post infection, while the ventral lobes were cleared from bacteria at that time. In samples up to 3 months post infection, the dorso-lateral lobes exhibited intense focal inflammation. CRP and IgG levels were elevated throughout the span of the experiment, and reached maximum levels 3 weeks and 3 months post infection, respectively. We show that P. acnes have the potential to cause chronic infection in previously healthy prostate, and that the infection has potential to cause chronic histological inflammation in the infected tissue. The high prevalence of P. acnes in human prostate tissue calls for resolution of pathogenic details. The present rat model suggests that complications such as chronic inflammation may be induced by P. acnes infection.
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| 6. |
- Olsson, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Hybrid buses with continuous energy transfer from tram network
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Expanding cities need to cope with significant challenges to provide good mobility, while atthe same time minimizing congestion, emissions and noise. Compared to combustion vehicles,electric vehicles have higher energy efficiency, reduced local emissions and are quiet, and cantherefore ease the above challenges. Unfortunately, the energy density in batteries is relativelylow; therefore they would be both expensive and heavy to achieve a corresponding range ofconventional vehicles. This case study has therefore examined the possibilities, ambiguitiesand requirements for utilizing Gothenburg’s existing tram network as energy source foren-route charging of buses. A conceptual technical solution has furthermore been presented toenable the connection to the tram network. It is also recommended to implement smart controlof the vehicle’s energy consumption in order to optimize the network power utilizationwithout additional infrastructure investments.
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| 7. |
- Olsson, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Poly segment monorail, a conductive method as an alternative for highway electrification
- 2012
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Ingår i: World Electric Vehicle Journal. - 2032-6653. ; 5:3, s. 679-687
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vehicles driven on alternative fuels, such as electric vehicles (EVs), are becoming more common while awareness of a diminishing oil supply, oil prices and environmental pollution are increasing. Despite technical breakthroughs, the low energy density in the battery is a problem that limits long distance travel, especially for heavy-duty vehicles (HDV). The low energy density combined with the high cost and the uncertain predictable lifetime of the battery could be estimated to hamper the expansion of the long distance EVs. Electrified highways connecting cities could be one solution to reduce the battery and fuel dependency by supplying electricity continuously to the vehicles. Different technical solutions of electric roads, both conductive and inductive, have been proven functional but are today mainly used in the tram and train industry. Despite the inductive system's major benefit of not relying on a physical contact, an inductive system is not necessarily the best option due to high costs and questionable efficiency. This said, also a conductive system intended for highway transport, despite the mature technology used, is far from problem free. This paper presents the new concept Poly segment monorail (PSM), intended to reduce the drawbacks of the general conductive system for highways. PSM utilizes segments alternating each other at road level, in contrast to traditionally being parallel and sometimes partially buried. With the new design and segments that are galvanically insulated, reduced losses and increase safety could be achieved. The paper also highlights the complexity for the new technology, involving several stakeholder markets, to achieve an international standard, which could be estimated a requirement for such a system to be beneficial and reasonable.
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