| 1. |
- Stenberg, Maud, et al.
(författare)
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Family experiences up to seven years after a severe traumatic brain injury-family interviews
- 2022
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 44:4, s. 608-616
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To explore the experiences of being a family with one member suffering from severe traumatic brain injury (STBI) up to 7 years earlier through narrative family interviews.Methods: There are few studies where a family as a unit, including persons with STBI, are interviewed together. This study used a family systems research approach following a qualitative interpretative design. Therefore, 21 families with a total of 47 family members were interviewed. Qualitative content analysis was used to reveal categories with sub-categories and a theme.Results: "From surviving STBI towards stability, through the unknown, into a new everyday life and a new future as a family" characterized the implicit message. The results revealed two categories both with three subcategories. The first category characterized the rapid change from a normal everyday life to one of uncertainty and finally to one of stability, and the second category described how it is to adapt as a family after STBI.Conclusions: Long-term experiences of STBI show the importance for the whole family of belonging to a context, having a job, and having something to belong to as a way to achieve stability. Families' feelings of loneliness and lack of treatment and support are challenges for professionals when trying to involve families in care and rehabilitation.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONAsense of belonging, having a purpose and a social network are important within families.Professionals can provide information and can help to eliminate misunderstandings for individuals with severe traumatic brain injury and their families.It is important for rehabilitation professionals to undertake a thorough family assessment.This assessment will support families become involved in the process of rehabilitation.
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| 2. |
- Stenberg, Maud, et al.
(författare)
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Health and Well-Being of Persons of Working Age up to Seven Years after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Northern Sweden : A Mixed Method Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Medicine. - : MDPI. - 2077-0383. ; 11:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To explore the health and well-being of persons seven years after severe traumatic brain injury (STBI).Material and methods: Follow-up of 21 persons 1 and 7 years after STBI using surveys for functional outcome, anxiety/depression, health and mental fatigue. Interviews were conducted and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Convergent parallel mixed method then merged and analysed the results into an overall interpretation.Results: Good recovery, high functional outcome and overall good health were relatively unchanged between 1 and 7 years. Well-being was a result of adaptation to a recovered or changed life situation. Persons with good recovery had moved on in life. Persons with moderate disability self-estimated their health as good recovery but reported poorer well-being. For persons with severe disability, adaptation was an ongoing process and health and well-being were low. Only a few persons reported anxiety and depression. They had poorer health but nevertheless reported well-being. Persons with moderate and severe mental fatigue had low functional outcomes and overall health and none of them reported well-being.Conclusions: The life of a person who has suffered STBI is still affected to a lesser or greater degree several years after injury due to acceptance of a recovered or changed life situation. Further studies are needed on how health and well-being can be improved after STBI in the long-term perspective.
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| 3. |
- Antonsson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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School Nurses' Attitudes toward Family Involvement in School Healthcare
- 2020
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Ingår i: Health Behavior and Policy Review. - : Paris Scholar Publishing. - 2326-4403. ; 7:1, s. 51-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: We evaluated school nurses' attitudes towards family involvement in school healthcare when children exhibit signs of mental health problems.Methods: In a cross-sectional study, the Families' Importance in Nursing Care-Nurses' Attitudes (FINC-NA) instrument was used to measure school nurses' (N = 133) attitudes towards family involvement. Data were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U-test.Results: School nurses (95%) encountered students with mental health problems every day or every week. Overall, school nurses were positive towards family involvement in school healthcare. Primary school nurses were more positive compared to secondary school nurses, seeing the family as a resource and a conversation partner. School nurses who felt that they had insufficient tools to work with children with mental health problems saw the family as a burden compared to school nurses who reported they have sufficient tools. Conclusion: School nurses' attitudes toward involving families as a resource are promising. However, when nurses perceive themselves as lacking sufficient tools to respond to children's mental health problems, they are more likely to experience the family as a burden than a resource. Cooperation between school nurses and families may be crucial. Therefore, we suggest a Family Health Conversations model to improve nurse-family collaboration
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| 4. |
- Baetzner, Anke S., et al.
(författare)
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Preparing medical first responders for crises : a systematic literature review of disaster training programs and their effectiveness
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1757-7241. ; 30:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Adequate training and preparation of medical first responders (MFRs) are essential for an optimal performance in highly demanding situations like disasters (e.g., mass accidents, natural catastrophes). The training needs to be as effective as possible, because precise and effective behavior of MFRs under stress is central for ensuring patients’ survival and recovery. This systematic review offers an overview of scientifically evaluated training methods used to prepare MFRs for disasters. It identifies different effectiveness indicators and provides an additional analysis of how and to what extent the innovative training technologies virtual (VR) and mixed reality (MR) are included in disaster training research.Methods: The systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and focused specifically on (quasi-)experimental studies published between January 2010 and September 2021. The literature search was conducted via Web of Science and PubMed and led to the inclusion of 55 articles. Results: The search identified several types of training, including traditional (e.g., lectures, real-life scenario training) and technology-based training (e.g., computer-based learning, educational videos). Most trainings consisted of more than one method. The effectiveness of the trainings was mainly assessed through pre-post comparisons of knowledge tests or self-reported measures although some studies also used behavioral performance measures (e.g., triage accuracy). While all methods demonstrated effectiveness, the literature indicates that technology-based methods often lead to similar or greater training outcomes than traditional trainings. Currently, few studies systematically evaluated immersive VR and MR training.Conclusion: To determine the success of a training, proper and scientifically sound evaluation is necessary. Of the effectiveness indicators found, performance assessments in simulated scenarios are closest to the target behavior during real disasters. For valid yet inexpensive evaluations, objectively assessible performance measures, such as accuracy, time, and order of actions could be used. However, performance assessments have not been applied often. Furthermore, we found that technology-based training methods represent a promising approach to train many MFRs repeatedly and efficiently. These technologies offer great potential to supplement or partially replace traditional training. Further research is needed on those methods that have been underrepresented, especially serious gaming, immersive VR, and MR.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Boström, Anita, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Förekomsten av våld i nära relationer bland äldre personer
- 2022
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Ingår i: Äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer. - : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144155142 ; , s. 31-64
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Frågor om våld i nära relationer är numera vanligt förekommande i media, politiska debatter, offentliga utredningar och lagändringar. Men trots detta uppmärksammas sällan äldre personers utsatthet för våld. Anledningarna kan vara flera, men tanken på att äldre kan utsättas för våld i en nära relation är för många avlägsen.Äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer vill synliggöra att olika typer av våld förekommer mot och bland äldre personer. Men det allra viktigaste är att ge kunskap om hur omgivningen kan uppmärksamma detta och förhindra våld, samt ge hjälp och stöd. Boken belyser det ansvar som olika myndigheter, såsom socialtjänst, hälso- och sjukvård samt tandvård, har. Ett kapitel beskriver rättsprocessen vid en anmälan och ett annat belyser vilka svårigheter en äldre person kan ha när det gäller att söka hjälp och att bryta upp från en relation. Flera kapitel innehåller konkreta råd för hur exempelvis personal kan ge hjälp och stöd.Äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer är i första hand skriven för högskoleutbildningar inom socialt arbete, vård, omsorg och medicin. Boken kan också vara till nytta för alla som vill öka sin kunskap om äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer.
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| 7. |
- Eklund, Annika, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Situational awareness during a full-scale exercise in an underground mine : A qualitative single-case study of the ambulance incident commander
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Emergency Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 1755-599X .- 1878-013X. ; 54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Underground environments present challenges for providing and managing effective emergency care. Situational awareness (SA) has been suggested as a critical process to the management of care.AIM: This study aims to explore the process of SA in the tasks of an ambulance incident commander (AIC) during a fullscale underground mine exercise.METHODS: Data consisted of video recordings, audiotapes and fieldnotes; these were subjected to content analysis based on the categories from the Busby Theory of Situational Awareness in Multi-casualty Incidents.RESULTS: The results show that the underground mining environment presented the AIC with specific challenges for the SA process with respect to aspects such as situational information about the scene and the victims, as well as with making decisions for ambulance personnel so they could perform their work safely, and having a structured manner to counteract information overload. Both technical and non-technical aspects influenced the process.CONCLUSION: The AIC's situational awareness was largely built through coordinated communications and actions with collaborating actors. The results of this study can be used for further exploration of how to train and support people in medical leadership roles on aspects of SA in emergency care, as well as on how to evaluate educational outcomes through exercises.
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| 8. |
- Gyllencreutz, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Injury risks during outdoor play among Swedish schoolchildren : teachers' perceptions and injury preventive practices
- 2020
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Ingår i: Education 3-13. - : Routledge. - 0300-4279 .- 1475-7575. ; 48:1, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Approximately 36,000 Swedish children seek medical care annually because of injuries during school time. The purpose of this field study is to investigate risky outdoor play at the school yard and to describe teachers’ perceptions of risk and safety in relation to learning and development. The study includes observations of children (6–12 years old) during outdoor activities as part of the school’s activities and includes focus-group interviews with teachers and children. Children were seen climbing high in play facilities, speeding down slides, or competing with sticks in the woods. Different views of risk and safety among the participants influence outdoor play activities. Teachers’ knowledge of risk seems to be derived from common sense and personal experiences rather than from a professional perspective. A joint approach of educational and medicine disciplines is desirable when it comes to children’s health and development.
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| 9. |
- Gyllencreutz, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Medical incident commander leadership during a full-scale exercise in an underground mining environment : a qualitative single-case study
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emergency Management. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1471-4825 .- 1741-5071. ; 17:1, s. 90-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish underground mines are constantly improving their safety. However, major incidents still occur, and the extreme environment poses challenges during rescue operations. The aim of this study was to evaluate prehospital medical management during a full-scale exercise in an underground mine in order to gain knowledge on the leadership and decision-making of the medical incident commander. We used a qualitative single-case study design following a full-scale exercise that included emergency medical services (EMSs), rescue services, and a mining company. The exercise was documented through on-site observation notes, audio recordings, and video recordings, all of which were written out as text and analysed using qualitative content analysis. The results showed that few decisions were made, and without all available medical information, and that they were made by others than the medical incident commander. This resulted in a delay in decision-making, in vital treatment, and in transport of patients from the site. Clearer leadership and more active decisions might have resulted in a different outcome for the injured parties.
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| 10. |
- Gyllencreutz, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Templates for handling multi-agency collaboration activities and priorities in mining injury incidents : a Delphi study
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emergency Services. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2047-0894 .- 2047-0908. ; 9:3, s. 257-271
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this study was from a Swedish perspective to map experts' opinions on theoretical statements of essential collaboration activities for management of mining injury incidents.Design/methodology/approach: A Delphi technique was performed, asking opinions from experts in iterative rounds to generate understanding and form consensus on group opinion around multi-agency management. The experts were personnel from emergency medical service, rescue service and mine industry, all with operative command positions.Findings: Three iterative rounds were performed. The first round was conducted as a workshop to collect opinions about the most important multi-agency collaboration activities to optimize victim's outcome from an injury incident in an underground mine. This resulted in 63 statements and additional three were added during the second round. The statements were divided into one trajectory and seventh time phases and comprised, e.g. early alarm routines, support of early life-saving interventions, relevant resources and equipment for the assignment and command and control center and functions with predefined action plans for response. It also comprised shared and communicated decisions about each agency's responsibility and safety. All statements reached consensus among the experts in Round 3.Research limitations/implications: The experts included in this study seem to be adequate but there could be other experts and different statements that other researchers might consider.Practical implications: These statements could be used to evaluate collaboration in major incidents exercises. The statements can also be quality indicators for reporting results from multi-agency management.Originality/value: This paper contributes to the research field of collaboration and joint practices between and among personnel involved in rescue operations.
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