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- Saeed, Muhammad Ahsan, et al.
(författare)
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2D MXene Additive-Induced Treatment Enabling High-Efficiency Indoor Organic Photovoltaics
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Optical Materials. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 2162-7568 .- 2195-1071. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The surge of Internet-of-everything applications over the past decade demands the adoption of novel material design and device engineering strategies for the development of state-of-the-art organic photovoltaics (OPVs) in low-light indoor environments. Owing to their excellent optoelectronic properties, two-dimensional MXenes possess outstanding potential in this regard. Herein, an unprecedented indoor power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 33.8% under light-emitting-diode (LED) illumination (1000-lx) is secured by additive-induced treatment of MXene in polymer-donor:non-fullerene-acceptor-based organic photoactive layer. The remarkable indoor performance of MXene OPVs mainly originates from the enhanced absorption, compact molecular packing, and smooth surface morphology with a reduced number of grain boundaries in the photoactive layer, resulting in an improved fill factor and balanced charge transport and extraction characteristics with suppressed recombination, thereby producing an impressive indoor PCE. In addition, the presence of MXene in the photoactive layer facilitates polaron-pair dissociation owing to improved free-charge generation, leading to enhanced photoconductivity. This performance represents the highest PCE among the OPVs measured under indoor illumination. This work highlights the promising prospect of 2D MXene and its composites for indoor light energy harvesting applications.
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| 2. |
- Kim, Kwangwoo, et al.
(författare)
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High-density genotyping of immune loci in Koreans and Europeans identifies eight new rheumatoid arthritis risk loci
- 2015
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 74:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective A highly polygenic aetiology and high degree of allele-sharing between ancestries have been well elucidated in genetic studies of rheumatoid arthritis. Recently, the high-density genotyping array Immunochip for immune disease loci identified 14 new rheumatoid arthritis risk loci among individuals of European ancestry. Here, we aimed to identify new rheumatoid arthritis risk loci using Korean-specific Immunochip data. Methods We analysed Korean rheumatoid arthritis case-control samples using the Immunochip and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) array to search for new risk alleles of rheumatoid arthritis with anticitrullinated peptide antibodies. To increase power, we performed a meta-analysis of Korean data with previously published European Immunochip and GWAS data for a total sample size of 9299 Korean and 45 790 European case-control samples. Results We identified eight new rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility loci (TNFSF4, LBH, EOMES, ETS1-FLI1, COG6, RAD51B, UBASH3A and SYNGR1) that passed a genome-wide significance threshold (p<5x10(-8)), with evidence for three independent risk alleles at 1q25/TNFSF4. The risk alleles from the seven new loci except for the TNFSF4 locus (monomorphic in Koreans), together with risk alleles from previously established RA risk loci, exhibited a high correlation of effect sizes between ancestries. Further, we refined the number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that represent potentially causal variants through a trans-ethnic comparison of densely genotyped SNPs. Conclusions This study demonstrates the advantage of dense-mapping and trans-ancestral analysis for identification of potentially causal SNPs. In addition, our findings support the importance of T cells in the pathogenesis and the fact of frequent overlap of risk loci among diverse autoimmune diseases.
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| 3. |
- Lee, Hyun-Seob, et al.
(författare)
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Foxa2 and Nurr1 Synergistically Yield A9 Nigral Dopamine Neurons Exhibiting Improved Differentiation, Function, and Cell Survival
- 2010
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Ingår i: Stem Cells. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1549-4918 .- 1066-5099. ; 28:3, s. 501-512
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Effective dopamine (DA) neuron differentiation from neural precursor cells (NPCs) is prerequisite for precursor/stem cell-based therapy of Parkinson's disease (PD). Nurr1, an orphan nuclear receptor, has been reported as a transcription factor that can drive DA neuron differentiation from non-dopaminergic NPCs in vitro. However, Nurr1 alone neither induces full neuronal maturation nor expression of proteins found specifically in midbrain DA neurons. In addition, Nurr1 expression is inefficient in inducing DA phenotype expression in NPCs derived from certain species such as mouse and human. We show here that Foxa2, a forkhead transcription factor whose role in midbrain DA neuron development was recently revealed, synergistically cooperates with Nurr1 to induce DA phenotype acquisition, midbrain-specific gene expression, and neuronal maturation. Thus, the combinatorial expression of Nurr1 and Foxa2 in NPCs efficiently yielded fully differentiated nigral (A9)-type midbrain neurons with clearly detectable DA neuronal activities. The effects of Foxa2 in DA neuron generation were observed regardless of the brain regions or species from which NPCs were derived. Furthermore, DA neurons generated by ectopic Foxa2 expression were more resistant to toxins. Importantly, Foxa2 expression resulted in a rapid cell cycle exit and reduced cell proliferation. Consistently, transplantation of NPCs transduced with Nurr1 and Foxa2 generated grafts enriched with midbrain-type DA neurons but reduced number of proliferating cells, and significantly reversed motor deficits in a rat PD model. Our findings can be applied to ongoing attempts to develop an efficient and safe precursor/stem cell-based therapy for PD. STEM CELLS 2010; 28: 501-512
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