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| 2. |
- Babcock, Gerald T, et al.
(författare)
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Tyrosyl radicals in enzyme catalysis: Some properties and a focus on photosynthetic water oxidation
- 1997
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Ingår i: Acta Chemica Scandinavica. - 0904-213X. ; 51:5, s. 533-540
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enzymes that require a redox-active amino acid for catalysis or function have emerged as a distinct class of proteins. For the tyrosine-based radical enzymes, we show that the spin-density distribution in the radical follows an odd alternate pattern that is invariant to within 10% across the class. General properties of the radical enzymes are summarized from which we conclude that their essential role in catalysis is to initiate substrate metabolism by hydrogen-atom abstraction. These ideas are extended to the Y-Z and Y-D tyrosines in Photosystem II and a radical-based hydrogen-atom abstraction model for water oxidation is discussed. Differences in rates of oxidation of Y-Z and Y-D by the reaction-center chlorophyll, P680(+), under various conditions, are considered and rationalized on the basis of changes in reorganization energy induced by the local protein structure and by the presence or absence of the (Mn)(4) cluster that binds substrate water.
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| 3. |
- Berglund-Baudin, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Intramolecular Electron Transfer from Manganese(II) Coordinatively Linked to a Photogenerated Ru(III)-Polypyridine Complex: A Kinetic Analysis
- 1998
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part A: Molecules, Spectroscopy, Kinetics, Environment and General Theory. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5215. ; 102:15, s. 2512-2518
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For further investigations in the field of artificial photosynthesis, a model compound, 1, has been developed to mimic the electron-transfer steps from the manganese cluster to P680+ in photosystem II. In this model compound the photosensitizer ruthenium(II)-trisbipyridyl was linked to a manganese(II) ion through a bridging ligand. Photoexcitation of 1 in the presence of the electron acceptor methyl viologen (MV2+) lead to electron transfer from the Ru moiety to MV2+. Laser flash photolysis experiments at different concentrations of 1 were performed in order to follow the subsequent reduction of the photooxidized Ru(III) species. A kinetic model, taking different parallel reactions into account, could explain the experimental data. It was shown that the major part of the photooxidized Ru(III) created was reduced again by intramolecular electron transfer from the attached Mn(II), with a rate constant of 1.8 × 105 s-1. However, Mn(II) was partially dissociated from 1, giving a fraction of Ru(III) without Mn(II) attached. In these complexes electron transfer could occur only after a rate-limiting reassociation of Mn(II), with a rate constant 2.9 × 109 M-1 s-1. In the analysis of the data, the fraction of dissociated Mn(II) could be determined independently at each concentration of 1, utilizing the fact that bound Mn(II) quenched the excited state, probably by energy transfer.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Blomberg, Margareta R A, et al.
(författare)
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A Quantum Chemical Study of Hydrogen Abstraction from Manganese-Coordinated Water by a Tyrosyl Radical: A Model for Water Oxidation in Photosystem II
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5126 .- 0002-7863. ; 119:35, s. 8285-8292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, water oxidation in photosystem II was proposed to involve direct abstraction of hydrogen atoms from water molecules terminally ligated to manganese ions in the oxygen-evolving complex by the oxidized tyrosine radical, TyrZ. This model is tested here by performing quantum chemical calculations. An empirically parametrized hybrid density functional method is used, and both monomeric and dimeric manganese model systems are studied. It is found that, by coordination to a manganese center, the first O-H bond strength of water is lowered from 113.4 to 84.3 kcal/mol. This O-H bond strength is only 2.8 kcal/mol stronger than that in tyrosine. Using an extended basis set, we find that this difference decreases still further. The second hydrogen abstraction energy is quite similar. Since thermoneutrality in the reaction (or a weak exothermicity) is a requirement for the hydrogen abstraction model, the present calculations support this model. Possible functions of a coordinated chloride and a nearby calcium complex are suggested. Five- or six-coordination and ferro- or antiferromagnetic spin couplings of the manganese centers are discussed.
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| 6. |
- Blondin, Geneviève, et al.
(författare)
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Electron paramagnetic resonance study of the S=1/2 ground state of a radiolysis-generated manganese(III)-trimanganese(IV) form of [Mn-IV;O-4(6)(bipy)(6)](4+) (bipy=2,2'-bipyridine). Comparison with the photosynthetic Oxygen Evolving Complex
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of the Chemical Society. Dalton Transactions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1472-7773 .- 0300-9246 .- 1364-5447. ; 1997:21, s. 4069-4074
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- gamma-Ray irradiation at liquid nitrogen temperature of a dimethylformamide solution of the tetranuclear complex [(Mn4O6)-O-IV(bipy)(6)](4+) (bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine) allowed the generation of the first mixed-valence tetranuclear system containing Mn-III and Mn-IV ions and exhibiting a S = 1/2 ground state. The X-band EPR spectrum of this tetranuclear system has been obtained. Simulations have been undertaken and the Mn hyperfine coupling tensors determined clearly show a (MnMn3IV)-Mn-III, composition for the EPR active species. A general approach for the analysis of the isotropic components of the Mn hyperfine tensors is presented in detail. This allowed the determination of the spin projection value for each Mn site. A three J coupling scheme assuming that the linear topology of the starting compound remains is able to reproduce these spin projection values if and only if the Mn-III ion is located at a terminal position in a N4O2 environment. The EPR signal of this [Mn4O6(bipy)(6)](3+) species is compared with the multiline signal observed in the S-2 state of the photosynthetic Oxygen Evolving Complex.
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| 9. |
- Deák, Zsuzsanna, et al.
(författare)
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Methanol modification of the electron paramagnetic resonance signals from the S0 and S2 states of the water-oxidizing complex of Photosystem II
- 1999
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Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. - 0005-2728. ; 1412:3, s. 240-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Mn-derived electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) multiline signal from the S0 state of the water-oxidizing complex is observable only in the presence methanol. In the present study, we have characterized the effect of methanol on the EPR signals from the S0 and S2 states as well as on the EPR Signal IIslow originating from the TyrosineDox radical. The amplitudes of the S0 and S2 multiline signals increase with the methanol concentration in a similar way, whereas the S2 g=4.1 excited state signal amplitude shows a concomitant decrease. The methanol concentration at which half of the spectral change has occurred is ~0.2% and the effect is saturating around 5%. Methanol has an effect on the microwave power saturation of the S2 multiline signal, as well. The microwave power at half saturation (P1/2) is 85 mW in the presence of methanol, whereas the signal relaxes much slower (P1/2~27 mW) without. The relaxation of Signal IIslow in the presence of methanol has also been investigated. The P1/2 value of Signal IIslow oscillates with the S cycle in a similar way as without methanol, but the P1/2 values are consistently lower in the methanol-containing samples. From the results, we conclude that methanol modifies the magnetic properties of the S0 and S2 states in a similar way. The possible site and nature of methanol binding is discussed.
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| 10. |
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