| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 2. |
- Ding, Xue Bing, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired meningeal lymphatic drainage in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 27:3, s. 411-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Animal studies implicate meningeal lymphatic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, there is no direct evidence in humans to support this role1–5. In this study, we used dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to assess meningeal lymphatic flow in cognitively normal controls and patients with idiopathic PD (iPD) or atypical Parkinsonian (AP) disorders. We found that patients with iPD exhibited significantly reduced flow through the meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs) along the superior sagittal sinus and sigmoid sinus, as well as a notable delay in deep cervical lymph node perfusion, compared to patients with AP. There was no significant difference in the size (cross-sectional area) of mLVs in patients with iPD or AP versus controls. In mice injected with α-synuclein (α-syn) preformed fibrils, we showed that the emergence of α-syn pathology was followed by delayed meningeal lymphatic drainage, loss of tight junctions among meningeal lymphatic endothelial cells and increased inflammation of the meninges. Finally, blocking flow through the mLVs in mice treated with α-syn preformed fibrils increased α-syn pathology and exacerbated motor and memory deficits. These results suggest that meningeal lymphatic drainage dysfunction aggravates α-syn pathology and contributes to the progression of PD.
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| 3. |
- Ye, Lian, et al.
(författare)
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Feasibility analysis of plastic and biomass hydrochar for blast furnace injection
- 2023
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Ingår i: Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-5442 .- 1873-6785. ; 263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) technology upgrades combustible waste (CW) to high-quality fuel known as hydrochar. However, there is a research gap regarding the application limit of hydrochar instead of fossil fuels in blast furnaces. In this study, the physical, chemical, and metallurgical properties of hydrochar were thoroughly analyzed. The results showed that gross calorific value, grindability, ignition temperature, explosivity, combustion and gasification all improved by HTC process compared with the waste feedstocks. Moreover, the HTC process can effectively remove harmful elements (K, Na, Cl, and S) from feedstocks into liquid and gas phase without adding other reagents, reducing harmful effects in the blast furnace. Removal rates by HTC were >80% for alkali metals and >73.9% for Cl (reaching 98.18% for polyvinyl chloride hydrochar). The environmental benefit calculation shows that the CO2 emission reduction of replacing bituminous coal with 40% HTC-treated maize straw can reach 94.7 kg/tHM. The annual CO2 reduction can reach 1.7 x 107 kg and the annual coal reduction is 1.5 x 107 kg of a blast furnace. The results showed that hydrochar is a clean energy source compared with fossil fuel alternatives and meets the blast furnace injection requirements.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ji, Zhenbing, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of surface morphology and composition of titanium implants on osteogenesis and inflammatory responses : a review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Biomedical Materials. - : IOP Publishing. - 1748-6041 .- 1748-605X. ; 18:4
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Titanium and its alloys have been widely used in bone tissue defect treatment owing to their excellent comprehensive properties. However, because of the biological inertness of the surface, it is difficult to achieve satisfactory osseointegration with the surrounding bone tissue when implanted into the body. Meanwhile, an inflammatory response is inevitable, which leads to implantation failure. Therefore, solving these two problems has become a new research hotspot. In current studies, various surface modification methods were proposed to meet the clinical needs. Yet, these methods have not been classified as a system to guide the follow-up research. These methods are demanded to be summarized, analyzed, and compared. In this manuscript, the effect of physical signal regulation (multi-scale composite structure) and chemical signal regulation (bioactive substance) generated by surface modification in promoting osteogenesis and reducing inflammatory responses was generalized and discussed. Finally, from the perspective of material preparation and biocompatibility experiments, the development trend of surface modification in promoting titanium implant surface osteogenesis and anti-inflammatory research was proposed.
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| 6. |
- Ji, Z., et al.
(författare)
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Polydopamine and Magnesium Ions Loaded 3D-Printed Ti-6Al-4V Implants Coating with Enhanced Osteogenesis and Antibacterial Abilities
- 2022
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials Technologies. - : Wiley. - 2365-709X. ; 7:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 3D printing has been applied in the fabrication of Ti-6Al-4V implants due to its high processing efficiency and flexibility. However, the biological inertness of 3D-printed Ti-6Al-4V implant surface limits its further clinical application. This paper aims to improve the biocompatibility of 3D-printed Ti-6Al-4V implants through multi-scale composite structure and bioactive coating. The samples are prepared by selective laser melting (SLM). The multi-scale composite structure is constructed by acid etching and anodic oxidation, and then the bioactive coating is added by hydrothermal treatment. The results indicate that acid etching removes the residuals on the surface and builds micron-/sub-micron structures. Anodic oxidation superimposes TiO2 nanotube arrays with a diameter of ≈80 nm, forming the multi-scale composite structure. The polydopamine-magnesium ion coating is added by hydrothermal treatment on the basis of retaining the multi-scale composite structure. After modification, the surface wettability and corrosion resistance are improved, and the roughness is slightly reduced. Regarding the biocompatibility of the modified 3D-printed Ti-6Al-4V implant, its admirable osteogenic induction performance is verified on osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1). Also, the addition of magnesium ions achieves better antibacterial properties. The results provide new target points for the surface modification of 3D-printed Ti-6Al-4V implant to attain better clinical performance.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Tang, Jiayuan, et al.
(författare)
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Reduction of the sintering temperature and dielectric loss of the CCTO ceramic by doping tellurite glass
- 2021
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Ingår i: Ceramics International. - : Elsevier. - 0272-8842 .- 1873-3956. ; 47:7, Part A, s. 10006-10012
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) ceramics can be modified by a multi-component glass system, which shows an influence on the improvement of the sintering process and dielectric properties. In this work, we fabricate the low dielectric loss CCTO ceramics at a low sintering temperature by using the tellurite glass of TBZCBS (TeO2-B2O3-ZnO-CaO-BaO-SrO) as an additive. The study manifests that the sintering temperature of TBZCBSdoped CCTO ceramics could be reduced to 1030 degrees C when the amount of TBZCBS glass is 10 wt%, decreasing 70 degrees C compared to the CCTO ceramic without using an additive. Simultaneously, its loss tangent value at 1 kHz can also decline to similar to 0.0174 from similar to 0.1783. Moreover, we also concluded that the electric properties of TBZCBS-doped CCTO ceramics relate to the amount of TBZCBS glass. The nonlinear J-V properties and breakthrough electric field are improved with an increase of the TBZCBS glass content, confirming the dielectric properties and the electric properties are mainly relevant to the grain boundary properties of CCTO ceramics.
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| 10. |
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