| 1. |
- Norin, Lizette, et al.
(författare)
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Housing adaptations and housing accessibility problems among older adults with long-standing spinal cord injury
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; , s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Adults with spinal cord injuries are living longer than previously, and a majority are living in ordinary housing in the community. Housing accessibility is important for maintaining independent occupational performance for this population, but knowledge in this area is insufficient. We investigated housing adaptations and current accessibility problems among older adults with long-standing (>10 years) spinal cord injuries. Method: Data from home visits among 122 older adults with spinal cord injuries in Sweden were used. Housing adaptations and environmental barriers were descriptively analysed. Findings: Kitchens, entrances, and hygiene areas were common locations for housing adaptations and environmental barriers that generated accessibility problems. The most common adaptations were ramps, wheelchair-accessible stovetops, and ceiling-lifts. Wall-mounted cupboards and high shelves (kitchen), inaccessible storage areas (outside the dwelling), and a lack of grabbars (hygiene area) generated the most accessibility problems. Conclusion: Despite housing adaptations, there are considerable accessibility problems in the dwellings of older adults with long-standing spinal cord injuries in Sweden, indicating that long-term follow-up of the housing situation of this population is necessary. Focusing on accessible housing as a prerequisite for occupational performance is at the core of occupational therapy, deserving attention on the individual as well as the societal level.
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| 2. |
- Ekvall Hansson, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Gait flexibility among older persons significantly more impaired in fallers than non-fallers-a longitudinal study
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 18:13, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gait disorders are a relevant factor for falls and possible to measure with wearable devices. If a wearable sensor can detect differences in gait parameters between fallers and non-fallers has not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to measure and compare gait parameters, vestibular function, and balance performance between fallers and non-fallers among a group of older persons. Participants were senior members (n = 101) of a Swedish non-profit gymnastic association. Gait parameters were obtained using an inertial measurement unit (IMU) that the participants wore on the leg while walking an obstacle course and on an even surface. Vestibular function was assessed by the Head-shake test, the Head impulse test, and the Dix-Hallpike maneuver. Balance was assessed by the Timed Up and Go, the Timed Up and Go manual, and the Timed Up and Go cognitive tests. Falls during the 12-month follow-up period were monitored using fall diaries. Forty-two persons (41%) had fallen during the 12-month follow-up. Fallers had more limited ability to vary their gait (gait flexibility) than non-fallers (p < 0.001). No other differences between fallers and non-fallers were found. The use of gait flexibility, captured by an IMU, seems better for identifying future fallers among healthy older persons than Timed Up and Go or Timed Up and Go combined with a cognitive or manual task.
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| 3. |
- Hagell, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Direct dopaminergic responsiveness of activity performance
- 2017
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Ingår i: Movement Disorders. ; , s. 460-460
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: To assess the direct dopaminergic responsiveness of motor and process aspects of activity performance in people with parkinsonian disorders, and to compare this to the symptomatic motor response. Background: Parkinsonian disorders are associated with limitations in daily activity performance. However, while the dopaminergic responsiveness of motor symptoms is well established, the direct dopaminergic responsiveness of aspects of activity performance appears unaddressed since assessments of activity performance typically are retrospective. This is a limitation since impairment (symptoms and signs) is a separate construct from activity limitations, and the latter is not only related to the former. Methods: Twenty-seven people with parkinsonian disorders (18 men; mean age and disease duration, 68 and 8 years, respectively) underwent a clinical dopaminergic drug response test (median (range) L-dopa dose, 150 (100-300) mg) following 12 hours of dopaminergic drug withdrawal. Participants were tested according to the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor examination and the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) scale in the defined ”off” and best ”on” states. Similar to the UPDRS motor examination, AMPS ratings are based on direct observations of activity performance. Average ”off”, ”on” and change scores were compared, and magnitudes of responsiveness were estimated using Cohen’s dzeffect size (ES). Correlations between outcomes were also computed. Results: Motor symptoms (mean UPDRS motor scores) improved from 36.2 in the defined “off” to 22.5 in the best “on” state, representing an ES of 0.74. Mean AMPS motor scores improved from 1.46 (defined “off”) to 2.34 (best “on”) and mean process scores improved from 1.37 to 1.85, representing ESs of 1.13 (motor) and 0.79 (process). Absolute correlations between UPDRS motor scores and AMPS motor/process scores ranged between 0.40-0.61 for defined “off”, best “on” and change scores.Conclusions: The dopaminergic responsiveness was more pronounced for activity performance than for motor symptoms, although motor symptom responsiveness was similar to that of process aspects of activity performance. Correlations suggest that symptomatic motor response is a relatively weak predictor of daily activity performance. These observations argue for the need to specifically address activity performance outcomes in clinical studies.
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| 4. |
- Orban, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges for change : results from an occupation-based intervention targeting parents to children with obesity
- 2012
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A family intervention has been developed targeting parents with children having obesity. The parents attended the programme during one year. The assumption was that a change in parents’ daily occupations to include more regular meals, physical activity and a variation among obligations and rest would lead to a healthier lifestyle and a normalization of their children’s BMI.Aim: The study aim was to investigate whether parents attending the intervention, gradually changed their time use and experiences in occupations together with their children regarding; preparing and having meals, in physically active and inactive occupations.Method: The research context was a randomized trial involving families with preschool children having obesity. Forty parents (n=40) were included. Time-geographical diaries were collected from all parents (T1-T 6) together with The Occupational Value Assessment with predefined items (Oval-pd). Analysis was performed by a repeated measures design.Results will be reported and discussed at the conference.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Persson, Dennis, et al.
(författare)
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Defying aches and revaluating daily doing : occupational perspectives on adjusting to chronic pain
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 18:3, s. 188-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate how people with chronic pain experience their daily doing, with a special focus on possible adjustment to pain and altered life conditions in order to cope with pain and maintain well-being. In-depth interviews were guided by themes concerning daily occupation, ways to maintain well-being, and future expectations. Using qualitative content analysis a core concept "Reappraising daily doing" was arrived at, containing the categories of altering doing processes and altering values, each in turn containing four subcategories. The findings showed that along with the grief of having to abandon jobs and former social networks, the participants coped with their everyday lives in ways that opened up the use of imagination and improvisation and the valuing of non-material and altruistic behaviour. An occupation was generally given up when aches (participants' term) became worse, except for when the occupations were so enjoyed that the pain was put out of focus. Using the concept of Occupational Value to enhance coping ability seems a reasonable strategy for occupational therapists when assisting clients in finding or maintaining meaningful daily doing and effective coping strategies for experiencing well-being. This could in turn limit the use of health care resources, which is extensive.
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| 7. |
- Westergren, Albert, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Conceptual relationships between the ICF and experiences of mealtimes and related tasks among persons with Parkinson’s disease
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nordic journal of nursing research. - : SAGE Publications. - 2057-1585 .- 2057-1593. ; 36:4, s. 201-208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate experiences of mealtimes and related tasks among people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and to link these conceptually to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Data were collected by use of semi-structured interviews of 19 people with PD. Inductive content analysis resulted in five categories: 1) Managing mealtime preparations and related tasks, 2) Compromised physical control, 3) Difficulties enjoying meals, 4) Difficulties eating together with others, and 5) Strategies to maintain conventional norms and independence. Deductive content analysis linked the categories to the ICF categories: body functions (mental, sensory, neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions); activities (self-determination and chores); participation (interpersonal interactions and relationships); and environmental factors (conventional norms, attitudes of friends and strangers). Emotional and involuntary movement functions were represented in all five inductively derived categories. Eating difficulties may have negative consequences on participation and the emotional wellbeing of people with Parkinson’s disease.
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| 8. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of temperament and character on functioning and aspects of psychological health among people with schizophrenia
- 2004
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Ingår i: European psychiatry. - : Elsevier Masson SAS. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 19:1, s. 34-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research findings that link personality factors to functioning and symptoms in schizophrenia are inconsistent, and further studies are needed within the area. The purpose of this study was to investigate how personality, as measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), was related to demographic factors, subtypes of diagnoses, level of functioning, and aspects of psychological health, including sense of coherence, perceived control, and self-esteem, among people with schizophrenia. Subjects were 104 individuals, aged 20-55 years, in psychiatric outpatient care. The results indicated that personality was not related to subtypes of diagnoses or demographic characteristics of the respondents, but to level of functioning and all aspects of psychological health. Especially self-directedness distinguished three groups of functioning and was highly correlated with the different aspects of psychological health. The article discusses how knowledge of schizophrenic patients' personality structure might be used for tailoring psychiatric treatments. (C) 2003 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
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