| 1. |
- Bagio, Dirceu, et al.
(författare)
-
The ideal structure of partial skew groupoid rings with applications to topological dynamics and ultragraph algebras
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Forum mathematicum. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 0933-7741 .- 1435-5337.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Given a partial action α of a groupoid G on a ring R, we study the associated partial skew groupoid ring R ⋊ α G {R\rtimes_{\alpha}G}, which carries a natural G-grading. We show that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the G-invariant ideals of R and the graded ideals of the G-graded ring R ⋊ α G {R\rtimes_{\alpha}G}. We provide sufficient conditions for primeness, and necessary and sufficient conditions for simplicity of R ⋊ α G {R\rtimes_{\alpha}G}. We show that every ideal of R ⋊ α G {R\rtimes_{\alpha}G} is graded if and only if α has the residual intersection property. Furthermore, if α is induced by a topological partial action θ, then we prove that minimality of θ is equivalent to G-simplicity of R, topological transitivity of θ is equivalent to G-primeness of R, and topological freeness of θ on every closed invariant subset of the underlying topological space is equivalent to α having the residual intersection property. As an application, we characterize condition (K) for an ultragraph in terms of topological properties of the associated partial action and in terms of algebraic properties of the associated ultragraph algebra. © 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston 2024.
|
|
| 2. |
- Mold, Jeff E., et al.
(författare)
-
Clonally heritable gene expression imparts a layer of diversity within cell types
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Cell systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 2405-4720. ; 15:2, s. 149-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell types can be classified according to shared patterns of transcription. Non-genetic variability among individual cells of the same type has been ascribed to stochastic transcriptional bursting and transient cell states. Using high-coverage single-cell RNA profiling, we asked whether long-term, heritable differences in gene expression can impart diversity within cells of the same type. Studying clonal human lymphocytes and mouse brain cells, we uncovered a vast diversity of heritable gene expression patterns among different clones of cells of the same type in vivo. We combined chromatin accessibility and RNA profiling on different lymphocyte clones to reveal thousands of regulatory regions exhibiting interclonal variation, which could be directly linked to interclonal variation in gene expression. Our findings identify a source of cellular diversity, which may have important implications for how cellular populations are shaped by selective processes in development, aging, and disease. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
|
|
| 3. |
- Schiavon, Alfredo, et al.
(författare)
-
Navigating the drought : upstream migration of a small-sized Cypriniformes (Telestes muticellus) in response to drying in a partially intermittent mountain stream
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems. - : EDP Sciences. - 1961-9502. ; :425
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- River flow intermittence is a natural phenomenon intensified by human activities, such as water abstraction and the effects of climate change. A growing number of rivers are predicted to experience intermittent flows, which may impact the diversity and abundance of freshwater species. Dry riverbeds directly diminish the availability of habitats for freshwater organisms, and suitable environments can turn into ecological traps with reduced survival rates, posing a significant threat to population persistence. Even though fish movements can enable drought-affected populations to persist, little is known about individual fish movement between intermittent and perennial reaches. Here, we study the movement of individual PIT-tagged Italian riffle dace (Telestes muticellus) in an intermittent and perennial river reach before, during and after two severe drying events. A high proportion of fish from the intermittent reach survived the drying riverbed through directed upstream migration. This was manifested in fish living in the intermittent reach of the river displaying significantly higher linear ranges, and net travelled distances during the monitoring period than fish in the perennial reach, which remained resident with limited linear range and net distances travelled. This finding underscores the importance of conserving longitudinal river connectivity in the face of increased water scarcity and intermittent flow patterns.
|
|
| 4. |
- Andersson, Ulf, 1985-
(författare)
-
Clinical reasoning among emergency medical service clinicians : An iterative and fragmented process involving the collaborative effort(s) of many
- 2023
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim: The overall aim of the thesis was to generate knowledge and understanding of clinical reasoning in the context of EMS from the perspective of EMS clinicians.Method: Three different methodologies were employed to describe various aspects of clinical reasoning. In Study I, an integrative literature review was conducted to summarise the existing literature related to clinical reasoning in EMS. After conducting systematic searches and screening, 38 articles were identified and analysed through an inductive thematic analysis. Studies II and III were conducted as case studies within an EMS organisation to capture clinical reasoning as it takes place in the naturalistic environment. In total, 34 patient encounters were observed, and group and individual interviews were conducted with EMS clinicians and organisational representatives at various hierarchical levels within the EMS organization. The data were analysed through pattern matching and triangulation in a computerised software program for qualitative analysis. Study IV was conducted as a goal-directed task analysis which focused on what EMS clinicians need in terms of achieving situation awareness. An online survey was created and answered by 30 EMS subject matter experts, consisting of active EMS clinicians, academic teachers in specialist ambulance nursing programmes, and researchers in the field of EMS. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis and descriptive statistics.Main results: Clinical reasoning in EMS is a continuously ongoing, iterative, and fragmented process. Information is gathered, analysed, and utilised at any given point during the mission. This information is then reasoned against various goals or instructions provided by the EMS organisation or what is perceived as the most suitable action by the EMS clinician. In the reasoning process, the clinicians take the patients’ and their relatives’ points of interest into account, striving to fulfil these. The clinical reasoning process continues after and between the missions well, and clinicians constantly evaluate their decisions and care provision for future improvement. Even if medical and caring interventions are the focus of clinical reasoning, this process involves the consideration of other aspects as well, such as logistics and safety for everyone present. Nevertheless, there seems to be a vague mandate for decision making among EMS clinicians in relation to other collaborative partners. Furthermore, organisational support for clinical reasoning and development is lacking, often due to economic limitations.Conclusion: This thesis contributes to the caring science field with an increased understanding of the complexity of clinical reasoning in EMS. EMS clinicians today need to rely on themselves or their partners to have sufficient knowledge or experience to handle the situation encountered and provide safe patient care. As the reasoning process involves more than the physical patient encounter, additional support is needed to inform clinicians in decisions related to logistics and safety. As the reasoning process involves more than the physical patient encounter, additional support is needed to inform clinicians in decisions related to logistics and safety. EMS clinicians today need to rely on themselves or their partner to have sufficient knowledge or experience to handle situations encountered and provide patient safe care.
|
|
| 5. |
- Berlin, Johan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Backsourcing in the private and public sectors — A systematic review
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Financial Accountability and Management. - 0267-4424 .- 1468-0408. ; 39:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article provides a systematic review of the literature on backsourcing. The aim is to synthesize existing literature in order to compare and analyze similarities and differences in backsourcing in the private and public sectors. The study asks questions about: which methods and theories have been used, why backsourcing has been implemented, and what reasons have been described for backsourcing. The study is based on an analysis of 500 articles about backsourcing and 33 articles in the final data set. The results show that backsourcing is primarily caused by: increased costs, lack of quality, and contract problems in the private sector, along with loss of control, cost saving, and changed strategy in the public sector. The study's synthesis highlights three explanations for how backsourcing is managed and interpreted in both the sectors. The article contributes specifically to summarizing current research on backsourcing, synthesizing how backsourcing has been studied, illustrating gaps in the research, as well as explaining relevant differences between private and public backsourcing.
|
|
| 6. |
- Berlin, Johan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring the psychometric properties of the externalizing spectrum inventory-brief form in a Swedish forensic psychiatric inpatient sample
- 2023
-
Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-244X. ; 23:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The Externalizing Spectrum Inventory-Brief Form (ESI-BF) [1] is a 160-item self-report instrument designed for the assessment of externalizing psychopathology, yet few studies to date have evaluated its psychometric properties, structural fit, and criterion validity in forensic psychiatric settings. Methods Here, we investigated these aspects in a sample of forensic psychiatric inpatients (n = 77) from a maximumsecurity forensic psychiatric hospital in Sweden. We firstly investigated the reliability. Secondly, using confirmatory factor analysis, the structure of the ESI-BF. And thirdly, using a Bayesian approach, assessed how the three ESI-BF subfactors relate to criterion measures of antisocial behaviors, substance use, and lifetime externalizing spectrum diagnoses. Results The ESI-BF demonstrated good to adequate reliability and internal consistency, with all but four facet scales exhibiting a and. values = 0.80. Average inter-item correlations for the facet scales ranged from 0.31 to 0.74. However, all structural models exhibited poor to mediocre fit, with model fit values for the CFI being 0.66, 0.79 and 0.87 and RMSEA values of 0.14, 0.12 and 0.09. for the unidimensional correlated factors and bifactor model, respectively. Regarding criterion validity, all subscales of the item-based ESI-BF three-factor model exhibited robust correlations with the Life History of Aggression total, aggression and antisocial/consequences subscales, with correlations ranging from 0.29 to 0.55. All ESI-BF subfactors demonstrated robust associations, yet with different externalizing outcomes, lending tentative support to its criterion validity. Conclusion Despite remaining ambiguities regarding its structural fit, the ESI-BF may be promising for assessing externalizing psychopathology in forensic psychiatric populations. However, further investigation of the ESI-BF is needed before any firm conclusions can be drawn about its appropriateness in forensic psychiatric settings.
|
|
| 7. |
- Berlin, Johan, 1975-
(författare)
-
Överbelastning i människobehandlande organisationer : en jämförelse mellan socialtjänst, sjukvård och polis
- 2023. - 2.
-
Ingår i: Människobehandlande organisationer. - : Natur och kultur. - 9789127462205 ; , s. 234-252
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bokinfo: Människobehandlande organisationer är en antologi som ger en bred överblick över välfärdens kärnverksamheter, vården, skolan och omsorgen, och beskriver vad som utmärker och skiljer dessa verksamheter från privata företag och organisationer när det gäller uppdrag, organisation, ledarskap och förändringsarbete.I den första utgåvan från 2015 var utgångspunkten de förändringar som globaliseringen, teknikutvecklingen och marknadiseringen i form av New Public Management (NPM) medfört för de människobehandlande organisationerna. I denna andra utgåva har författarna, förutom att uppdatera och förnya innehållet utifrån aktuell forskning, även tagit hänsyn till andra betydande händelser i omvärlden, som flyktingkrisen i mitten av 2010-talet och coronapandemin. Dessutom har de följt upp det ökande intresset för granskning och kontroll och den växande kritiken mot NPM. Är alternativet en mer tillitsbaserad ledning och styrning inom välfärdssektorn?Sex nya kapitel har tillkommit. De tar upp kunskapsbildning och forskning om människobehandlande organisationer, migration och flyktingmottagande, hur man hanterar hög belastning inom grässrotsbyråkratier, standardisering och horisontell kunskapsstyrning, chefers roll och vardag inom socialtjänsten samt tillsyn inom social barnavård.Människobehandlande organisationer vänder sig till studerande på socionom-, läkar-, vård- och lärarutbildningar liksom studerande inom ekonomi, statsvetenskap, psykologi, sociologi och offentlig förvaltning. Den är även avsedd för praktiskt verksamma i människobehandlande organisationer.Bokens redaktörer Staffan Johansson, Peter Dellgran och Staffan Höjer är professorer i socialt arbete vid Göteborgs universitet. Övriga författare är forskare inom socialt arbete eller angränsande områden vid ett flertal svenska universitet.
|
|
| 8. |
- Binnewies, Julia, et al.
(författare)
-
Lifestyle-related risk factors and their cumulative associations with hippocampal and total grey matter volume across the adult lifespan : a pooled analysis in the European Lifebrain consortium
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Brain Research Bulletin. - : Elsevier. - 0361-9230 .- 1873-2747. ; 200
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Lifestyle-related risk factors, such as obesity, physical inactivity, short sleep, smoking and alcohol use, have been associated with low hippocampal and total grey matter volumes (GMV). However, these risk factors have mostly been assessed as separate factors, leaving it unknown if variance explained by these factors is overlapping or additive. We investigated associations of five lifestyle-related factors separately and cumulatively with hippocampal and total GMV, pooled across eight European cohorts.Methods: We included 3838 participants aged 18–90 years from eight cohorts of the European Lifebrain consortium. Using individual person data, we performed cross-sectional meta-analyses on associations of presence of lifestyle-related risk factors separately (overweight/obesity, physical inactivity, short sleep, smoking, high alcohol use) as well as a cumulative unhealthy lifestyle score (counting the number of present lifestyle-related risk factors) with FreeSurfer-derived hippocampal volume and total GMV. Lifestyle-related risk factors were defined according to public health guidelines.Results: High alcohol use was associated with lower hippocampal volume (r = −0.10, p = 0.021), and overweight/obesity with lower total GMV (r = −0.09, p = 0.001). Other lifestyle-related risk factors were not significantly associated with hippocampal volume or GMV. The cumulative unhealthy lifestyle score was negatively associated with total GMV (r = −0.08, p = 0.001), but not hippocampal volume (r = −0.01, p = 0.625).Conclusions: This large pooled study confirmed the negative association of some lifestyle-related risk factors with hippocampal volume and GMV, although with small effect sizes. Lifestyle factors should not be seen in isolation as there is evidence that having multiple unhealthy lifestyle factors is associated with a linear reduction in overall brain volume.
|
|
| 9. |
- Caliendo, Marco, et al.
(författare)
-
Side effects of labor market policies
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Economics. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0347-0520 .- 1467-9442. ; 125:2, s. 339-375
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Labor market policies, such as training and sanctions, are commonly used to bring workers back to work. By analogy to medical treatments, exposure to these tools can have side effects. We study the effects on health using individual-level population registers on labor market outcomes, drug prescriptions, and sickness absence, comparing outcomes before and after exposure to training and sanctions. Training improves cardiovascular and mental health, and lowers sickness absence. This is likely to be the result of the instantaneous features of participation, such as the adoption of a more rigorous daily routine, rather than improved employment prospects. Benefits sanctions cause a short-run deterioration of mental health.
|
|
| 10. |
- Demircan, Kamil, et al.
(författare)
-
Matched analysis of circulating selenium with the breast cancer selenotranscriptome: a multicentre prospective study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Translational Medicine. - 1479-5876.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionLow serum selenium and altered tumour RNA expression of certain selenoproteins are associated with a poor breast cancer prognosis. Selenoprotein expression stringently depends on selenium availability, hence circulating selenium may interact with tumour selenoprotein expression. However, there is no matched analysis to date.MethodsThis study included 1453 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer from the multicentric prospective Sweden Cancerome Analysis Network – Breast study. Total serum selenium, selenoprotein P and glutathione peroxidase 3 were analysed at time of diagnosis. Bulk RNA-sequencing was conducted in matched tumour tissues. Fully adjusted Cox regression models with an interaction term were employed to detect dose-dependent interactions of circulating selenium with the associations of tumour selenoprotein mRNA expression and mortality.Results237 deaths were recorded within ~ 9 years follow-up. All three serum selenium biomarkers correlated positively (p ConclusionsThis first unbiased analysis of serum selenium with the breast cancer selenotranscriptome identified an effect-modification of selenium on the associations of DIO1, SELENOM, and DIO3 with prognosis. Selenium substitution in patients with DIO1-expressing tumours merits consideration to improve survival.
|
|
| 11. |
- Flötteröd, Yun-Pang, et al.
(författare)
-
Simulating Interaction Behaviors in Bi-Directional Shared Corridor with Real Case Study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: 2023 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC). - 9798350369663 ; , s. 174-184
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Microscopic traffic simulation tools are able to evaluate possible impacts induced by automated shuttles under various conditions. However, automated shuttles operate more and more often in shared space areas and few microscopic traffic simulation tools are able to handle networks with shared space infrastructure. Interaction behaviors between road users and automated shuttles are addressed only seldom as well. In this paper, we propose the concept of bi-directional edges in the open source microscopic traffic simulation suite SUMO to simulate road users’ interactions in a bi-directional shared-space corridor. A case study, where automated shuttles and cyclists share the bike path, and the related data collection were conducted to examine the performance of the proposed concept and understand the usage of the shared corridor. The simulation results are promising. Further refinement of the proposed concept is planned for properly reflecting complex interaction behaviors among diverse road users, and their surrounding environment.
|
|
| 12. |
- Klingberg, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
-
How old are you? : a systematic review investigating the relationship between age and mandibular third molar maturity
- 2023
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 18:5, s. 1-14
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction and objective: Radiographic evaluation of the maturity of mandibular third molars is a common method used for age estimation of adolescents and young adults. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the scientific base for the relationship between a fully matured mandibular third molar based on Demirjian's method and chronological age, in order to assess whether an individual is above or below the age of 18 years.Methods: The literature search was conducted in six databases until February 2022 for studies reporting data evaluating the tooth maturity using Demirjian´s method (specifically stage H) within populations ranging from 8 to 30 years (chronological age). Two reviewers screened the titles and abstracts identified through the search strategy independently. All studies of potential relevance according to the inclusion criteria were obtained in full text, after which they were assessed for inclusion by two independent reviewers. Any disagreement was resolved by a discussion. Two reviewers independently evaluated the risk of bias using the assessment tool QUADAS-2 and extracted the data from the studies with low or moderate risk of bias. Logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship between chronological age and proportion of subjects with a fully matured mandibular third molar (Demirjian´s tooth stage H).Results: A total of 15 studies with low or moderate risk of bias were included in the review. The studies were conducted in 13 countries and the chronological age of the investigated participants ranged from 3 to 27 years and the number of participants ranged between 208 and 5,769. Ten of the studies presented the results as mean age per Demirjian´s tooth stage H, but only five studies showed the distribution of developmental stages according to validated age. The proportion of subjects with a mandibular tooth in Demirjian´s tooth stage H at 18 years ranged from 0% to 22% among males and 0 to 16% in females. Since the studies were too heterogenous to perform a meta-analysis or a meaningful narrative review, we decided to refrain from a GRADE assessment.Conclusion: The identified literature does not provide scientific evidence for the relationship between Demirjian´s stage H of a mandibular third molar and chronologic age in order to assess if an individual is under or above the age of 18 years.
|
|
| 13. |
- Knowles, Simon R., et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring the Impact of Covid-19-Related Perceptions on Psychological Distress and Quality of Life in an International Gastrointestinal Cohort Over Time Guided by the Common Sense Model
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings. - : Springer. - 1068-9583 .- 1573-3572. ; 30:4, s. 804-820
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this longitudinal study was to examine changes in COVID-19 and illness-related perceptions, gastrointestinal symptoms, coping, catastrophising, psychological distress, and QoL during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 831 adults with a gastrointestinal condition completed an online questionnaire at baseline (May-October 2020). Of those, 270 (32.5%) participants (85.2% female, mean age = 47.3 years) provided follow-up data (March-May 2021). Repeated-measures multiple analysis of variance and a cross-lagged panel model were used to test the study hypotheses. Gastrointestinal symptoms and COVID-19 perceptions at follow-up were strongly predicted by their baseline values, while illness perceptions were predicted by baseline gastrointestinal symptoms. Cross-lagged relationships indicated a reciprocal relationship between gastrointestinal symptoms and psychological distress. Moreover, gastrointestinal symptoms had substantial predictive utility, strongly predicting future gastrointestinal symptoms, and to a lesser extent, more negative illness perceptions, greater psychological distress, and greater use of adaptive coping strategies across time.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Pries, Johan
(författare)
-
Planning in and against the urban commons
- 2023
-
Ingår i: CITY: analysis of urban trends, culture, theory, policy, action. CCIT.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The argument running through Sevilla-Buitrago’s analysis is that spatial planning as a form of expertise cannot be untethered from capitalist urbanization, but that planning also must be related to urban commons, conceptualized as the actually existing self-management of resources in opposition to capital. The book’s four case studies are used all in an argument contending that planning must ‘neutralize, erode, or subsume’ commons to make urban life more compatible with capitalist relations. From the enclosures of the London’s rural hinterlands, Olmsted’s grand plans for Central Park in New York, the ultimately ill-fated social democratic compromises on housing developments in Weimar Berlin and late 20th century radical activism in Milan, the book demonstrates that planning has a tendency to ‘decommonize’ cities and prepare the ground for capital accumulation. Planning in this understanding tends to align with capital and against the commons, yet Sevilla-Buitrago also suggests that this is not the entire picture. Capital and commons might be competing and antagonistic ways to organize social relationships around resources as either commodities to be traded or communal assets to be shared, but planning is seldom fully and only allied with capital. To Sevilla-Buitrago, planning is both a way that the capitalist commodity form historically has expanded its reach and ‘a dynamic site and means of spatial struggle’ where this process has been resisted.
|
|
| 16. |
- Sultan, Mohammed Ali Salem, et al.
(författare)
-
Disaster Collaborative Exercises for Healthcare Teamwork in a Saudi Context
- 2023
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Disaster Risk Science. - 2095-0055. ; 14, s. 183-193
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to evaluate the development of healthcare teamwork during and after the collaboration tabletop exercises, through observation and interview methods. Integration and maturity theoretical models were employed to explain the collaborative challenges in teams that may suffer from unequally distributed power, hierarchies, and fragmentation. Using three-level collaboration tabletop exercises and the Command and control, Safety, Communication, Assessment, Treatment, Triage, Transport (CSCATTT) instrument, 100 healthcare workers were observed during each step in the implementation of the CSCATTT instrument using two simulated scenarios. The results show a lack of integration and team maturity among participants in the first scenario, leading to the delayed start of the activity, task distribution, and decision making. These shortcomings were improved in the second scenario. In-depth interviews with 20 participants in the second phase of the study revealed improved knowledge and practical skills, self-confidence, and ability in team building within trans-professional groups in the second scenario, which in concordance with the integration theory, was due to the attempts made in the first scenario. Additionally, there was an improvement in the team’s maturity, which in concordance with the maturity theory, was due to the knowledge and practical skills during scenario plays. These results indicate the importance of continuous tabletop training, and the use of CSCATTT as a collaborative instrument, to promote the development of collaboration and to test the concept of preparedness.
|
|
| 17. |
- Berlin, Johan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
How do street-level bureaucrats manage high workloads? Collegial mechanisms at the organisational level—experiences from public healthcare organisations
- 2022
-
Ingår i: European Management Review. - : Wiley. - 1740-4754 .- 1740-4762. ; 19:2, s. 299-312
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to understand and explain how street-level bureaucrats manage high workloads in public healthcare organisations. Data was collected through observations, interviews and documents. The results show that high workloads are reduced through use of collegial mechanisms at the organisation level. The study shows that workloads are reduced in a two-step process, the first is a negotiation between professionals and the second in the meeting with patients. The two-step process explains the limitation problems in more detail and makes an important contribution by explaining how high workloads are reduced in public health services.
|
|
| 18. |
- Berlin, Johan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Involuntary backsourcing in the public sector ‐ From conflict to collaboration
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Public Administration. - : Wiley. - 0033-3298 .- 1467-9299. ; 100:3, s. 674-691
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to contribute to the literature on how involuntary backsourcing in public organisations is performed in practice and how it affects the relationship between principal and agent. The study focuses on two questions; 1) Which stages characterise the process when public contracts are involuntary terminated? 2) How does involuntary backsourcing affect the relationship between principal and agent during the transfer period? The study's case concerns public backsourcing in Sweden, in particular, how a metropolitan municipality manages involuntary backsourcing. This study provides in‐depth insights into backsourcing and its practice, as well the degree to which the conflict dimension between the parties is affected. The study shows ‐ paradoxically ‐ that the relationship between principal and agent during the transition phase is characterised by dependence, mutual exchange of information, collaboration and less conflict. The study contributes to developing the theory of backsourcing, particularly the behaviour that is played out between principal and agent in the transition stage. The findings identify the need for public organisations which make outsourcing decisions to have contingency plans for bringing operations back in‐house.
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
- Cardinali, G., et al.
(författare)
-
Low-Threshold AlGaN-based UVB VCSELs enabled by post-growth cavity detuning
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 121:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The performance of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) is strongly dependent on the spectral detuning between the gain peak and the resonance wavelength. Here, we use angle-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy to investigate the emission properties of AlGaN-based VCSELs emitting in the ultraviolet-B spectral range with different detuning between the photoluminescence peak of the quantum-wells and the resonance wavelength. Accurate setting of the cavity length, and thereby the resonance wavelength, is accomplished by using doping-selective electrochemical etching of AlGaN sacrificial layers for substrate removal combined with deposition of dielectric spacer layers. By matching the resonance wavelength to the quantum-wells photoluminescence peak, a threshold power density of 0.4 MW/cm2 was achieved, and this was possible only for smooth etched surfaces with a root mean square roughness below 2 nm. These results demonstrate the importance of accurate cavity length control and surface smoothness to achieve low-Threshold AlGaN-based ultraviolet VCSELs.
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
- Demircan, Kamil, et al.
(författare)
-
Autoimmunity to selenoprotein P predicts breast cancer recurrence
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Redox Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-2317. ; 53
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundLow concentrations of serum selenium (Se) and its main transporter selenoprotein P (SELENOP) are associated with a poor prognosis following breast cancer diagnosis. Recently, natural autoantibodies (aAb) with antagonistic properties to SELENOP uptake have been identified in healthy subjects, and in patients with thyroid disease. Given the potential transport disrupting properties, we hypothesized that breast cancer patients with SELENOP-aAb may have a poor prognosis.MethodsSELENOP-aAb along with serum Se, SELENOP and GPX3 activity were determined in serum samples of 1988 patients with a new diagnosis of breast cancer enrolled in the multicentre SCAN-B study. Patients were followed for ∼9 years and multivariate Cox regression models were applied to assess hazard ratios.ResultsApplying a cut-off based on outlier detection, we identified 7.65% of patients with SELENOP-aAb. Autoantibody titres correlated positively to total Se and SELENOP concentrations, but not to GPX3 activity, supporting a negative role of SELENOP-aAb on Se transport. SELENOP-aAb were associated with age, but independent of tumor characteristics. After fully adjusting for potential confounders, SELENOP-aAb were associated with higher recurrence, HR(95%CI) = 1.87(1.17–2.99), particularly in patients with low Se concentrations, HR(95%CI) = 2.16(1.20–3.88). Associations of SELENOP-aAb with recurrence and mortality were linear and dose-dependent, with fully adjusted HR(95%CI) per log increase of 1.25(1.01–1.55) and 1.31(1.13–1.51), respectively.ConclusionOur results indicate a prognostic and pathophysiological relevance of SELENOP-aAb in breast cancer, with potential relevance for other malignancies. Assessment of SELENOP-aAb at time of diagnosis identifies patients with a distinctly elevated risk for a poor prognosis, independent of established prognostic factors, who may respond favourably to Se supplementation.
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
- Haglund, Åsa, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Out of the blue: UV VCSELs
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; PC12001
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, there has been tremendous improvement in the performance of blue-emitting vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) and they are now on the cusp of commercialization. We will summarize state-of-the-art results and outline the main challenges in extending the emission wavelength into the ultraviolet (UV). Our method to simultaneously achieve high-reflectivity mirrors and good cavity length control by selective electrochemical etching has been essential to demonstrate the world’s first UV-B VCSEL. The use of dielectric mirrors, where one material has a negative thermo-optical coefficient, counteracts the inherent red-shift of the resonance wavelength, enabling a temperature-stable emission.
|
|
| 29. |
- Haglund, Åsa, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Thin-film UV VCSELs and LEDs by electrochemical etching
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; PC12022
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We will give an overview of state-of-the-art results and challenges to achieve high-performing III-nitride vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), with a particular focus on the requirements to push the emission wavelength into the ultraviolet (UV). Our method to simultaneously achieve high-reflectivity mirrors and good cavity length control by electrochemical etching enabled the world’s first UV-B VCSEL. The use of dielectric mirrors yielded lasers with a very temperature-stable emission wavelength thanks to the negative thermo-optic coefficient of the mirrors. We have used the same etch methodology to also lift-off fully processed LEDs from their growth substrate to improve the light extraction efficiency.
|
|
| 30. |
- Haglund, Åsa, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
UV VCSELs – this is the way
- 2022
-
Ingår i: 9th Workshop on Physics and Technology of Semiconductor Lasers.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 31. |
- Hoppmann-Baum, Kai, et al.
(författare)
-
Length-constrained cycle partition with an application to UAV routing*
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Optimization Methods and Software. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1055-6788 .- 1029-4937. ; 37:6, s. 2080-2116
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses the Length-Constrained Cycle Partition Problem (LCCP), which constitutes a new generalization of the Travelling Salesperson Problem (TSP). Apart from nonnegative edge weights, the undirected graph in LCCP features a nonnegative critical length parameter for each vertex. A cycle partition, i.e. a vertex-disjoint cycle cover, is a feasible solution for LCCP if the length of each cycle is not greater than the critical length of each vertex contained in it. The goal is to find a feasible partition having a minimum number of cycles. Besides analyzing theoretical properties and developing preprocessing techniques, we propose an elaborate heuristic algorithm that produces solutions of good quality even for large-size instances. Moreover, we present two exact mixed-integer programming formulations (MIPs) for LCCP, which are inspired by well-known modeling approaches for TSP. Further, we introduce the concept of conflict hypergraphs, whose cliques yield valid constraints for the MIP models. We conclude with a discussion on computational experiments that we conducted using (A)TSPLIB-based problem instances. As a motivating example application, we describe a routing problem where a fleet of uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) must patrol a given set of areas.
|
|
| 32. |
- Jana, S., et al.
(författare)
-
Experimental confirmation of the delayed Ni demagnetization in FeNi alloy
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 120
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Element-selective techniques are central for the understanding of ultrafast spin dynamics in multi-element materials, such as magnetic alloys. Recently, however, it turned out that the commonly used technique of the transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (T-MOKE) in the extreme ultraviolet range may have issues with unwanted crosstalk between different elemental signals and energy-dependent non-linear response. This problem can be sizeable, which puts recent observations of ultrafast spin transfer from Fe to Ni sites in FeNi alloys into question. In this study, we investigate the Fe-to-Ni spin transfer in a crosstalk-free time-resolved x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) experiment with a reliable time reference. With XMCD near the absorption maxima, we find a very similar Fe and Ni dynamics as with T-MOKE from identical samples. Considering the potential non-linearities of the T-MOKE response, such a good agreement in our findings is remarkable. Our data provide the ongoing discussion about ultrafast spin-transfer mechanisms in FeNi systems with a broader experimental basis.
|
|
| 33. |
- Lang, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
-
Prognostic accuracy of head computed tomography for prediction of functional outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest : Rationale and design of the prospective TTM2-CT-substudy
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Resuscitation Plus. - : Elsevier. - 2666-5204. ; 12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Head computed tomography (CT) is a guideline recommended method to predict functional outcome after cardiac arrest (CA), but standardized criteria for evaluation are lacking. To date, no prospective trial has systematically validated methods for diagnosing hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) on CT after CA. We present a protocol for validation of pre-specified radiological criteria for assessment of HIE on CT for neuroprognostication after CA.Methods/design: This is a prospective observational international multicentre substudy of the Targeted Hypothermia versus Targeted Normother-mia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (TTM2) trial. Patients still unconscious 48 hours post-arrest at 13 participating hospitals were routinely exam-ined with CT. Original images will be evaluated by examiners blinded to clinical data using a standardized protocol. Qualitative assessment will include evaluation of absence/presence of "severe HIE". Radiodensities will be quantified in pre-specified regions of interest for calculation of grey-white matter ratios (GWR) at the basal ganglia level. Functional outcome will be dichotomized into good (modified Rankin Scale 0-3) and poor (modified Rankin Scale 4-6) at six months post-arrest. Prognostic accuracies for good and poor outcome will be presented as sensitivities and speci-ficities with 95% confidence intervals (using pre-specified cut-offs for quantitative analysis), descriptive statistics (Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve), inter-and intra-rater reliabilities according to STARD guidelines.Conclusions: The results from this prospective trial will validate a standardized approach to radiological evaluations of HIE on CT for prediction of functional outcome in comatose CA patients.The TTM2 trial and the TTM2 CT substudy are registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02908308 and NCT03913065.
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
- Luft, Friedrich C., et al.
(författare)
-
Amiloride and calciuria
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0931-0509 .- 1460-2385. ; 37:2, s. 205-207
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 36. |
- Meddeb, Adam, et al.
(författare)
-
Adverse childhood experiences do not moderate the association between aggressive antisocial behavior and general disinhibition in a forensic psychiatric inpatient sample
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and high levels of disinhibition have been associated with a variety of negative outcomes such as aggressive antisocial behavior (AAB). However, forensic psychiatric populations remain an understudied group in this field of research. This study aimed to fill that gap by investigating associations between ACE, AAB, and disinhibition in a forensic psychiatric sample. Furthermore, we aimed to explore such findings by investigating whether ACE might have a moderating effect on the association between disinhibition and AAB. A sample of forensic psychiatric patients (n = 89) was recruited from a high-security forensic psychiatric facility in Sweden. All study variables were moderately to strongly related to each other, although we found no moderating effect of ACE. Post hoc analysis indicated that our ACE items had differential effects on AAB scores, with placement outside the family home, absent parents, and parental drug abuse producing the largest effect on AAB levels. Our findings are in line with previous research demonstrating a significant and robust relationship between ACE, AAB, and disinhibition. Forensic psychiatric populations are exposed to high levels of both self-reported and documented ACE. This calls for trauma-informed care and highlights the importance of considering ACE in risk assessment, preventive work, and policy making.
|
|
| 37. |
- Meisl, Christina J., et al.
(författare)
-
Nomograms including the UBC (R) Rapid test to detect primary bladder cancer based on a multicentre dataset
- 2022
-
Ingår i: BJU International. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1464-4096 .- 1464-410X. ; 130:6, s. 754-763
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To evaluate the clinical utility of the urinary bladder cancer antigen test UBC (R) Rapid for the diagnosis of bladder cancer (BC) and to develop and validate nomograms to identify patients at high risk of primary BC. Patients and Methods Data from 1787 patients from 13 participating centres, who were tested between 2012 and 2020, including 763 patients with BC, were analysed. Urine samples were analysed with the UBC (R) Rapid test. The nomograms were developed using data from 320 patients and externally validated using data from 274 patients. The diagnostic accuracy of the UBC (R) Rapid test was evaluated using receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis. Brier scores and calibration curves were chosen for the validation. Biopsy-proven BC was predicted using multivariate logistic regression. Results The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve for the UBC (R) Rapid test were 46.4%, 75.5% and 0.61 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58-0.64) for low-grade (LG) BC, and 70.5%, 75.5% and 0.73 (95% CI 0.70-0.76) for high-grade (HG) BC, respectively. Age, UBC (R) Rapid test results, smoking status and haematuria were identified as independent predictors of primary BC. After external validation, nomograms based on these predictors resulted in areas under the curve of 0.79 (95% CI 0.72-0.87) and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92-0.98) for predicting LG-BC and HG-BC, respectively, showing excellent calibration associated with a higher net benefit than the UBC (R) Rapid test alone for low and medium risk levels in decision curve analysis. The R Shiny app allows the results to be explored interactively and can be accessed at www.blucab-index. net. Conclusion The UBC (R) Rapid test alone has limited clinical utility for predicting the presence of BC. However, its combined use with BC risk factors including age, smoking status and haematuria provides a fast, highly accurate and non-invasive tool for screening patients for primary LG-BC and especially primary HG-BC.
|
|
| 38. |
- Rubin, T., et al.
(författare)
-
'Quantum-based realizations of the pascal' status and progress of the empir-project: quantumpascal
- 2022
-
Ingår i: 6th TC16 Conference on Pressure and Vacuum Measurement 2022, Together with the 24th TC3 Conference on the Measurement of Force, Mass and Torque, the 14th TC5 Conference on the Measurement of Hardness, and the 5th TC22 Conference on Vibration Measurement. - : International Measurement Confederation (IMEKO). - 9781713870227
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The QuantumPascal (QP) project combines the capabilities of 12 European institutions to enable traceable pressure measurements utilizing quantum-based methods that evaluate the number density instead of force per area to target the wide pressure range between 1 Pa and 3 MPa. This article summarizes the goals and results since the project start in June 2019.
|
|
| 39. |
- Rubin, T., et al.
(författare)
-
Thermodynamic effects in a gas modulated Invar-based dual Fabry-Pérot cavity refractometer
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Metrologia. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 0026-1394 .- 1681-7575. ; 59:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By measuring the refractivity and the temperature of a gas, its pressure can be assessed from fundamental principles. The highest performing instruments are based on Fabry-Perot cavities (FPC). Gas modulation refractometry (GAMOR) is a methodology that has the ability to reduce the influence of disturbances to such an extent that high-precision (sub-parts-per-million) assessments of pressure can be made by the use of FPCs of Invar. To allow for high accuracy assessments, it is of importance to assess the uncertainty contribution from the thermodynamic effects that are associated with the gas filling and emptying of the cavity (pV-work). This paper presents a detailed scrutiny of the influence of the gas exchange process on the assessment of gas temperature on an Invar-based dual-FPC (DFPC) instrumentation. It is shown that by virtue of a combination of a number of carefully selected design entities (a small cavity volume with a bore radius of 3 mm, a spacer material with high heat capacitance, large thermal conductivity, and no regions that are connected with low thermal conductance, i.e. no heat islands, and a continuous assessment of temperature of the cavity spacer) the system is not significantly affected by pV-work. Simulations show that 10 s after the filling all temperature gradients in the system are well into the sub-mK range. Experiments support that refractivity assessments initiated after 40 s are not significantly affected by the pV-work. The analysis given in this work indicates that an upper limit for the influence of pV-work on the Invar-based DFPC system using 100 s long gas modulation cycles is 0.5 mK/100 kPa (or 1.8 ppm/100 kPa). Consequently, thermodynamic effects will not be a limiting factor when the Invar-based DFPC GAMOR system is used for assessments of pressure or as a primary pressure standard up to atmospheric pressures.
|
|
| 40. |
- Rubin, T., et al.
(författare)
-
Thermodynamic effects in a gas modulated Invar-based dual Fabry-Pérot cavity refractometer addressing 100 kpa of nitrogen
- 2022
-
Ingår i: 6th TC16 Conference on Pressure and Vacuum Measurement 2022, Together with the 24th TC3 Conference on the Measurement of Force, Mass and Torque, the 14th TC5 Conference on the Measurement of Hardness, and the 5th TC22 Conference on Vibration Measurement. - : International Measurement Confederation (IMEKO). - 9781713870227
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An Invar-based dual Fabry-Pérot cavity refractometer used for assessments of pressure by the gas modulation refractometry (GAMOR) methodology has been scrutinized with respect to the influence of thermodynamic effects (pV-work) that originates from the gas exchange process when 100 kPa of nitrogen is addressed. It is shown that the actual temperature variation of the cavity spacer solely is a fraction of the previously assessed upper limits (0.5 mK/100 kPa), limited to sub-parts-per-million (ppm) levels. This finding additionally supports the conclusion that the thermodynamic effects will not be a limiting factor when the system is used for assessments of pressure.
|
|
| 41. |
|
|
| 42. |
- Berlin, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
Self-report versus clinician-ratings in the assessment of aggression in violent offenders
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health. - : Wiley. - 0957-9664 .- 1471-2857. ; 31:3, s. 198-210
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The construct of aggression is central to work with violent offenders, but it is a broad construct that can be assessed by many different methods and instruments. Its measurement may, however, have profound implications for treatment planning. We need more knowledge about how different methods for assessing aggression relate to each other. Aims Our aims were to investigate, first, the convergence and concordance of two methods of assessing aggression: self-report and clinical assessment and, second, to determine the degree to which aggression can be discriminated from neighbouring constructs, such as hostility, anger and criminal behaviour. Methods A nationally representative Swedish cohort of 269 18-25-year-old incarcerated violent offenders was recruited. Data were collected through structured self-reports of aggression, anger and hostility traits (Aggression Questionnaire-Revised Swedish Version) and clinical assessments of lifetime prevalence of aggressive and antisocial behaviours (Life History of Aggression). Criminal records were retrieved from the Swedish National Crime Register. Results Self-ratings and clinician-ratings of aggression were highly convergent and concordant, especially regarding physical aggression. Violent offence records were weakly, if at all, correlated, while self-reported hostility was weakly, or not at all, correlated with self-reported or with clinician-rated aggression. There was an inverse relationship between aggression and criminal records of sexual offences. Conclusions and Implications Even though a combination of self-reports and clinician-ratings may provide a better overview of an individual's aggressive behaviours, our results indicate that they yield such similar information that either alone would be sensitive enough. Our results do not, however, support using one of these methods as a proxy for the other since choice of measure and accepted concordance between them depend on the context within which the assessment is conducted. We reconfirmed that official records of violent offending are unlikely to be adequate measures of outcome after interventions to reduce aggressive behaviours.
|
|
| 43. |
- Berlin, Johan, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
-
Styrning av hälso- och sjukvård
- 2021. - Andra upplagan
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Hälso- och sjukvården står i dag inför en rad ekonomiska, demografiska och medicinska utmaningar. Hur den ska styras och organiseras blir därför en angelägen fråga. Den här boken, som nu kommer i sin andra upplaga, beskriver några av de styrmodeller som har tillämpats inom vården under de senaste decennierna. Hit hör exempelvis beställarstyrning, kundvalsmodellen, balanserad styrning, teamarbete, prestationsfinansering och processorientering. Författarna lyfter fram fördelar och nackdelar med de olika modellerna och visar vad de tenderar att leda till på kort respektive lång sikt.
|
|
| 44. |
- Calnan, Sonya, et al.
(författare)
-
Development of Various Photovoltaic‐Driven Water Electrolysis Technologies for Green Solar Hydrogen Generation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Solar RRL. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2367-198X. ; 6:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Direct solar hydrogen generation via a combination of photovoltaics (PV) and water electrolysis can potentially ensure a sustainable energy supply while minimizing greenhouse emissions. The PECSYS project aims at demonstrating asolar-driven electrochemical hydrogen generation system with an area >10 m2 with high efficiency and at reasonable cost. Thermally integrated PV electrolyzers(ECs) using thin-film silicon, undoped, and silver-doped Cu(In,Ga)Se2 and silicon heterojunction PV combined with alkaline electrolysis to form one unit are developed on a prototype level with solar collection areas in the range from 64 to2600 cm2 with the solar-to-hydrogen (StH) efficiency ranging from 4 to 13%. Electrical direct coupling of PV modules to a proton exchange membrane EC test the effects of bifacially (730 cm2 solar collection area) and to study the long-term operation under outdoor conditions (10 m2 collection area) is also investigated. In both cases, StH efficiencies exceeding 10% can be maintained over the test periods used. All the StH efficiencies reported are based on measured gas outflow using mass flow meters.
|
|
| 45. |
- Carlström, Eric, 1957, et al.
(författare)
-
Quasi-backsourcing in the Public Sector : The Challenge of Withdrawing from an Intertwined and Long-standing Relationship
- 2021
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Public Administration. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0190-0692 .- 1532-4265. ; 46:4, s. 302-311
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to map the process involved in terminating a long-standing business relationship in a public context. It employed an exploratory study to interview 35 politicians, senior- and middle managers, ambulance- and dispatch centre staff and representatives of a regional alliance of patients. Growing criticism from a county council towards a contractor ended in a decision to bring services back in-house. However, terminating the contract failed and instead a state of quasi-backsourcing emerged. Only parts of the services were taken back in-house, with few reported benefits. The study suggests that caution is needed in relation to backsourcing services from a closely intertwined contractor.
|
|
| 46. |
-
Culture, Creativity and Economy : Collaborative Practices, Value Creation and Spaces of Creativity
- 2021
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book nuances our understanding of the contemporary creative economy by engaging with a set of three key tensions which emerged over the course of eight European Colloquiums on Culture, Creativity and Economy (CCE): 1) the tension between individual and collaborative creative practices, 2) the tension between tradition and innovation, and 3) the tension between isolated and interconnected spaces of creativity.Rather than focusing on specific processes, such as production, industries or locations, the tensions acknowledge and engage with the messy and restless nature of the creative economy. Individual chapters offer insights into poorly understood practices, locations and contexts such as co-working spaces in Berlin and rural Spain, creative businesses in Leicester and the role and importance of cultural intermediaries in creative economies within Africa. Others examine the nature of trans-local cultural flows, the evolving "field" of fashion, and the implications of social media and crowdfunding platforms.This book will be of interest to students, scholars and professionals researching the creative economy, as well as specific cultural and creative industries, across the humanities and social sciences.
|
|
| 47. |
- Demircan, Kamil, et al.
(författare)
-
Serum selenium, selenoprotein P and glutathione peroxidase 3 as predictors of mortality and recurrence following breast cancer diagnosis: A multicentre cohort study
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Redox Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-2317. ; 47, s. 1-12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The trace element selenium is of essential importance for the synthesis of a set of redox active proteins. We investigated three complementary serum selenium status biomarkers in relation to overall survival and recurrence following diagnosis of primary invasive breast cancer in a large prospective cohort study. The Sweden Cancerome Analysis Network – Breast Initiative (SCAN-B) is a prospective population-based study including multiple participating hospitals. Main analyses included 1996 patients with a new diagnosis of primary invasive breast cancer, with blood sampling at the time of diagnosis. In sera of the patients, total serum selenium, selenoprotein P (SELENOP), and glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) activity was analysed. All three biomarkers showed a positive correlation (p < 0.001), supporting the high quality of samples and analytical techniques. During a total of 13,306 person years of follow-up, 310 deaths and 167 recurrent breast cancer events occurred. In fully adjusted Cox models, all three biomarkers correlated inversely with mortality (p trend <0.001) and compared with the lowest quintile, hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for overall survival in the highest quintile of selenium, SELENOP and GPx3 were 0.42 (0.28–0.63), 0.51 (0.36–0.73) and 0.52 (0.36–0.75), respectively. Low GPx3 activity was associated with more recurrences (Q5 vs Q1: fully adjusted HR (95%CI); 0.57 (0.35–0.92), (p trend = 0.005). Patients with low selenium status according to all three biomarkers (triple deficient) had the highest mortality risk with an overall survival probability of ∼50% after 8 years, in particular as compared to those having at least one marker in the highest quintile; fully adjusted HR (95%CI); 0.30 (0.21–0.43). Prediction of mortality based on all three biomarkers outperformed established tumour characteristics like histologic grade, number of involved lymph nodes or tumour size. An assessment of Se status at breast cancer diagnosis identifies patients at exceptionally high risk for a poor prognosis.
|
|
| 48. |
|
|
| 49. |
- Hjort, Filip, 1991, et al.
(författare)
-
A 310 nm Optically Pumped AlGaN Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser
- 2021
-
Ingår i: ACS Photonics. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2330-4022. ; 8:1, s. 135-141
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ultraviolet light is essential for disinfection, fluorescence excitation, curing, and medical treatment. An ultraviolet light source with the small footprint and excellent optical characteristics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) may enable new applications in all these areas. Until now, there have only been a few demonstrations of ultraviolet-emitting VCSELs, mainly optically pumped, and all with low Al-content AlGaN cavities and emission near the bandgap of GaN (360 nm). Here, we demonstrate an optically pumped VCSEL emitting in the UVB spectrum (280-320 nm) at room temperature, having an Al0.60Ga0.40N cavity between two dielectric distributed Bragg reflectors. The double dielectric distributed Bragg reflector design was realized by substrate removal using electrochemical etching. Our method is further extendable to even shorter wavelengths, which would establish a technology that enables VCSEL emission from UVA (320-400 nm) to UVC (<280 nm).
|
|
| 50. |
- Hjort, Filip, 1991, et al.
(författare)
-
Advances in ultraviolet-emitting vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 11686
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We will give an overview of the progress in ultraviolet-emitting vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) and their potential applications in areas such as disinfection and medical therapy. This includes our demonstration of the shortest wavelength VCSEL, emitting at 310 nm under optical pumping, and a detailed analysis of its filamentary lasing characteristics. The UVB-emitting AlGaN-based VCSEL was realized by substrate removal using electrochemical etching, enabling the use of two high-reflectivity dielectric distributed Bragg reflectors. The potential of using this or alternative methods to push the emission to shorter wavelengths will be examined as well as concepts to realize electrically injected devices.
|
|
