| 51. |
- Elleström, Lars, 1960-
(författare)
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Bridging the Gap Between Image and Metaphor Through Cross-Modal Iconicity : An Interdisciplinary Model
- 2017
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Ingår i: Dimensions of Iconicity. - Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 9789027243515 - 9789027265180 ; , s. 167-190
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our minds are capable of perceiving similarities not only within the same but also across different sensory areas and different cognitive domains. Iconicity is representation based on similarity, and cross-modal iconicity, which is an extremely widespread phenomenon, should be understood as iconicity that crosses the borders of different kinds of material, spatiotemporal, and sensorial modes, and, furthermore, the border between sensory structures and cognitive configurations. For instance, a visual entity may resemble and thus iconically represent something that is auditory or abstractly cognitive. The aim of this semiotic study, substantially based on empirical findings in psychological, cognitive, and neurological research, is to suggest a general theoretical framework for conceptualizing cross-modal iconicity and relating different kinds of mono-modal and cross-modal iconicity to each other. Its chief argument is that perception and conception of images and metaphors should be understood as the two extremes in a continuum of iconic representation where cross-modal iconicity bridges the apparent gap between mono-modal, sensory-based iconicity and cognitive iconicity. It offers an outline of material, spatiotemporal, and sensorial modes and their interrelations; a thorough account of cross-modal iconicity; a conceptual structure for charting degrees of similarity and iconicity with the aid of cross-modality; an array of examples illustrating the continuum of iconicity from image to metaphor; and a brief discussion of the notion of image schema as an explanatory factor for cross-modal iconicity.
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| 52. |
- Elleström, Lars, 1960-
(författare)
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Coherence and truthfulness in communication : Intracommunicational and extracommunicational indexicality
- 2018
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Ingår i: Semiotica. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 0037-1998 .- 1613-3692. ; :225, s. 423-446
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to construct a model that demonstrates how human communication, involving all kinds of media, may not only correspond to but also put us in contact with what we perceive to be the surrounding world. In which ways is truthfulness actually established by communication ? To answer this, the notion of indices is employed: signs based on contiguity. However, an investigation of indices' outward direction - creating truthfulness in communication - also requires an understanding of their inward direction: establishing coherence. To investigate these two functions, further concepts and various elementary categorizations are proposed: it is argued that there are several types of contiguity and many varieties of indexical objects, which invalidates the coarse fiction-nonfiction distinction.
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| 53. |
- Elleström, Lars, 1960-
(författare)
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Ein mediumzentriertes Kommunikationsmodell
- 2017
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Ingår i: Bildverstehen. - Darmstadt : Büchner. - 9783941310797 - 9783941310803 ; , s. 31-61
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to form a new communication model, which is centered on the intermediate stage of communication, here called medium. The model is intended to be irreducible, to highlight the essential communication entities and their interrelations, and potentially to cover all conceivable kinds of communication. It is designed to clearly account for both verbal and nonverbal meaning, the different roles played by minds and bodies in communication, and the relation between presemiotic and semiotic media features. As a result, the model also pinpoints fundamental obstacles for communication located in media products themselves, and demonstrates how Shannon’s (1948) model of transmission of computable data can be incorporated in a model of human communication of meaning.
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| 54. |
- Elleström, Lars, 1960-
(författare)
-
Iconicity as Meaning Miming Meaning and Meaning Miming Form
- 2010
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Ingår i: Iconicity in Language and Literature. - Philadelphia och Amsterdam : John Benjamins. - 1873-5037. - 9789027243454 ; 9, s. 73-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Iconicity consists of mimetic relations between form and meaning. This article is based on the notion of ‘spatial thinking’ and it is argued that there is no form without meaning, and that all meaning has some sort of form. Two fundamental distinctions are used. The first is Charles Sanders Peirce’s well-known division into three types of iconicity: image, diagram, and metaphor, which is extended to include ‘weak’ and ‘strong diagrams’. The second is a distinction between ontologically different appearances of signs: visual material signs, auditory material signs, and complex cognitive signs. A two-dimensional model illustrating the relations between these two distinctions is presented. The model is based on the assumption that iconicity, to a certain extent, is gradable, and it shows that the field of iconicity includes many phenomena that are not generally seen as related, but that nevertheless can be systematically compared. It also shows, among other things, that the ‘metaphor’ and the ‘weak diagram’ are singled out by the capacity of miming across the borders both between the visual and the auditory, and between the material and the mental. The main argument of the article is that iconicity should be understood not only as “form miming meaning and form miming form”, but also as “meaning miming meaning and meaning miming form”.
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| 55. |
- Elleström, Lars, 1960-
(författare)
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Identificando, construindo e transpondo as fronteiras das mídias
- 2018
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Ingår i: X Seminário de Pesquisa, II Encontro Internacional. - Curitiba : Uniandrade. ; , s. 1-15
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Este artigo se concentra na necessária – mas sempre problemática – noção das fronteiras das mídias, que há muito tem sido examinada pelos estudos intermidiáticos. Minha observação inicial é a de que é impossível transitar no ambiente material e mental de determinado sujeito sem categorizar objetos e fenômenos; sem as categorizações tudo seria um borrão – difícil de entender e de explicar. No entanto, a categorização exige fronteiras, e as fronteiras podem e devem sempre ser questionadas. A área de comunicação não é uma exceção: por um lado, é necessário categorizar as mídias em tipos; por outro lado, não fica claro como essas categorizações devem ser feitas. Meu objetivo não é argumentar a favor ou contra certas formas de se classificar as mídias comunicativas, mas tentar explicar algumas das funções e limitações das fronteiras midiáticas. Argumento, resumidamente, que existem diferentes tipos de fronteiras de mídias e, portanto, diferentes tipos de mídias. Se essas diferenças não forem reconhecidas, a compreensão da categorização das mídias permanecerá confusa. Enquanto algumas fronteiras midiáticas são relativamente estáveis, outras estão mais sujeitas a mudanças; portanto, as fronteiras das mídias podem ser entendidas como sendo tanto identificadas quanto construídas. No entanto, no final, praticamente todas as fronteiras das mídias podem ser superadas por meio de nossas capacidades cognitivas cross-modais.
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| 56. |
- Elleström, Lars, 1960-
(författare)
-
Identifying, Construing, and Bridging over Media Borders
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scripta Uniandrade. - : Centro Universitário Campos de Andrade (Uniandrade). - 1679-5520. ; 16:3, s. 15-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article will center on the necessary but always problematic notion of media borders, which has since long been scrutinized by intermedial studies. My initial observation is that it is impossible to navigate in one’s material and mental surrounding if one does not categorize objects and phenomena; without categorizations everything would be a blur – difficult to grasp and to explain. However, categorization requires borders, and borders can and should always be disputed. The area of communication is not an exception: on one hand it is necessary to somehow categorize media into types, and on the other hand it is not evident how these categorizations should be made. My aim is not to argue in favor of or against certain ways of classifying communicative media, but to try to explain some of the functions and limitations of media borders. I argue, in brief, that there are different types of media borders and hence different types of media types; if these differences are not recognized, the understanding of media categorization will remain confused. Whereas some media borders are relatively stable, others are more subject to change; therefore, media borders can be understood to be both identified and construed. However, in the end virtually all media borders can be bridged over through our cross-modal cognitive capacities.
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| 57. |
- Elleström, Lars, 1960-
(författare)
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Introduction : Instrumental and formal iconic signs
- 2013
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Ingår i: Iconicity in Language and Literature. - Amsterdam & Philadelphia : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 1873-5037. ; 12, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 58. |
- Elleström, Lars, 1960-
(författare)
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Le rôle du corps pour la cognition et la signification
- 2018
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Ingår i: Degrés. - : A.S.B.L. Degres. - 0770-8378. ; 46:175-176, s. b1-b8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cette intervention s’inscrit dans le domaine de la communicationhumaine et se base sur l’idée qu’esprit/cognition et corps sontintimement interdépendants. J’aborderai les points suivants, qui serontconsidérés comme corrélés.1) Le corps comme producteur de produits média. Toutecommunication commence par l’« esprit/ la conscience d’unproducteur », situé dans un corps, qui, d’une manière ou d’uneautre, génère un produit média, qui devrait être entendu commel’entité intermédiaire rendant possible une communication entreesprits.2) Le corps comme produit média. Les produits média sontnécessairement matériels d’une certaine manière, ce qui impliquequ’ils soient des entités ou des processus physiques. Ils peuventêtre des corps organiques, des entités non organiques, ou unecombinaison des deux.3) Le corps comme percevant des produits média. L’«esprit dupercevant » ne peut entrer en contact avec le produit médiad’aucune autre manière qu’à travers la perception sensorielle, quiest un phénomène éminemment corporel.4) Le corps dans l’esprit/la conscience percevant les produitsmédias. Lorsque des corps acquièrent une fonction de produitmédia, ils agissent comme signes – des « representamens » dansla terminologie de Peirce. Toutefois, des corps peuvent égalementêtre des « objets » de signification ; ils peuvent être représentés.La communication peut donc impliquer la représentation de corpset objets concrets. La communication peut également impliquerla représentation d’entités plus abstraites telles que des concepts,idées, intentions, et relations ; mais bien qu’abstraites, de tellesnotions mentales sont, dans une large mesure, ancrées dansl’expérience de nos corps interagissant avec le monde environnant.
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| 59. |
- Elleström, Lars, 1960-
(författare)
-
Material and Mental Representation : Peirce Adapted to the Study of Media and Arts
- 2014
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Ingår i: American Journal of Semiotics. - : Philosophy Documentation Center. - 0277-7126 .- 2153-2990. ; 30:1-2, s. 83-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to adapt Peirce’s semiotics to the study of media and arts. While some Peircean notions are criticized and rejected, constructive ways of understanding Peirce’s ideas are suggested, and a number of new notions, which are intended to highlight crucial aspects of semiosis, are then introduced. All these ideas and notions are systematically related to one another within the frames of a consistent terminology. The article starts with an investigation of Peirce’s three sign constituents and their interrelations: the representamen, the object, and the interpretant. A new approach to the interrelations of these three sign constituents is then suggested and manifested in a distinction between representation and neopresentation. This is followed by a critical discussion of Peirce’s three types of representation — iconicity, indexicality, and symbolicity — and their interrelations, which sets the stage for a presentation of what is referred to as the material and mental representation (MMR) model. This model aims to illuminate the problematic relation between material and mental facets of signification triggered by media and art products, and other material things and phenomena.
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| 60. |
- Elleström, Lars, 1960-
(författare)
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Media Transformation : The Transfer of Media Characteristics Among Media
- 2014
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Why are some kinds of information and qualities possible to transfer from one medium to another type of medium, whereas others resist intermedial transfer? This basic question guides the investigations in Media Transformation of communicative phenomena that are in a way self-evident and yet highly complex and difficult to explain. The book is a methodical study of the material and mental limits and possibilities of transferring information and media characteristics among dissimilar media. Whereas media such as speech, gestures, writing, music, films, and websites are clearly different, they also have common traits that enable systematic comparison. Elleström proposes a theoretical model for pinpointing the most vital conceptual entities and stages of intermedial transfers and illustrates how the model can be used in practical analysis.
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