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Träfflista för sökning "AMNE:(HUMANIORA Historia och arkeologi Arkeologi) "

Sökning: AMNE:(HUMANIORA Historia och arkeologi Arkeologi)

  • Resultat 37361-37370 av 52142
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37361.
  • Roberts, Peder, 1979- (författare)
  • Devils reproducing Like Rabbits : The Curious History of Penguin Farming in Norway
  • 2013
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This paper uses a strange and often forgotten historical episode -- the attempts to transplant Antarctic fauna to Norway and vice versa in the interwar years of last century -- as a way to examine conceptions of environmental flexibility and threat. The quest to introduce penguins to Norway (moving reindeer and possibly other species to the Antarctic) reflected an optimistic belief in the ability of Norwegians to turn even the harshest environments into sources of economic benefit. This belief articulated a more general view of the Antarctic as a space not for conservation, but for exploitation, grounded in the power of humans to beneficially tweak the environment. My principal case study is the ill-fated attempt to introduce penguins to Norway, led by the geologist and Arctic activist Adolf Hoel, who felt certain that penguin meat and penguin eggs could become viable commodities while the penguins flourished in northern Norway. Resistance to the venture came from both humans (who had no appetite for penguin products and regarded the animals as alien), and from the penguins themselves (who refused to conform to the lifestyles expected of them). The failure of the transplantation schemes demonstrated that Hoel’s dream was dashed by both cultural and biological factors, suggesting the value of broader approaches to understanding such incidents of environmental discord.
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37362.
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37363.
  • Roberts, Peder, 1979- (författare)
  • Heroes for the Past and Present : A Century of Remembering Amundsen and Scott
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Endeavour. - : Elsevier. - 0160-9327 .- 1873-1929. ; 35:4, s. 142-150
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In 1911-1912 Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott led rival parties in a race to the geographic South Pole. While both parties reached the Pole - Amundsen first Scott's men died on the return journey. Amundsen became a Norwegian icon through his record-setting travels; Scott became a symbol of courage and devotion to science. The memory of each was invoked at various points during the twentieth century in the context of contemporary Antarctic events. Scott's status as a scientific figure was central to the Scott Polar Research Institute, while Amundsen's lack of scientific legacy became a way for British polar explorers to differentiate themselves from Norwegian contemporaries during the interwar years. After 1945 Scott and Amundsen were again invoked as exemplars of national polar achievement, even as the rise of large-scale science on the continent overshadowed past British and Norwegian achievements. In the present Amundsen and Scott remain wedded to particular values, focused respectively on national achievement and sacrifice in the name of science, while their race has become secondary.
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37364.
  • Roberts, Peder, 1979- (författare)
  • Intelligence and internationalism : the Cold War career of Anton Bruun
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Centaurus. - : Brepols Publishers NV. - 0008-8994 .- 1600-0498. ; 55:3, s. 243-263
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Danish marine biologist Anton Frederik Bruun (1901–1961) is chiefly remembered as an explorer of the deep-sea fauna and a key figure in international scientific organizations during the 1950s. As the Cold War increasingly permeated the marine sciences and it became too expensive for small states to operate deep-sea research vessels, he became an asset to the USA's oceanographic establishment as it sought to first assess Soviet strength (in terms of research, technology and logistical capacity) and then to build up American oceanography in response. Bruun's contacts with the USSR – including a visit in 1957 – strengthened his contacts to the American military as well as American oceanographers. His enthusiasm for raising interest in the marine sciences in developing countries could also be matched to American geopolitical goals. Bruun's participation in the Scripps Institution of Oceanography's Naga expedition to the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand captured the mutually beneficial nature of his American connections. Bruun was able to use the USA to reach distant oceans, while the USA in turn gained from Bruun's prestige as it forged connections with friendly states through science, an increasingly important arena for Cold War competition.
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37365.
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37366.
  • Roberts, Peder, 1979- (författare)
  • Modern Explorers
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Handbook on the Politics of Antarctica. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing. ; , s. 152-166
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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37367.
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37368.
  • Roberts, Peder, 1979- (författare)
  • Scientists and Sea Ice Under Surveillance in the Early Cold War
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: The Surveillance Imperative. - New York : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9781349494071 - 9781137438744 ; , s. 125-144
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • On February 24, 1958, 85 individuals from the United States, Canada, Europe, Japan, and the Soviet Union gathered in the small town of Easton, Maryland, for a conference on Arctic sea ice.1 Over four days they discussed a range of issues including the characteristics and physical composition of sea ice, its distribution and drift, and issues related to navigation and ice forecasting. Organized by the Earth Sciences Division of the United States National Academy of Sciences (NAS), at the behest of the Office of Naval Research (ONR), the conference was billed as an opportunity for the “productive exchange of facts and ideas.”2 The event reflected the rapid growth of interest in a scientific field with profound implications for military strategy in North America and commerce in the Soviet Union—and the desire for the United States to pick the brains of counterparts from around the world in a field where others almost certainly led, especially in terms of practical experience.
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37369.
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37370.
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