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Träfflista för sökning "AMNE:(MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Cancer and Oncology) "

Sökning: AMNE:(MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Cancer and Oncology)

  • Resultat 12881-12890 av 17174
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12881.
  • Fäldt, R., et al. (författare)
  • Demonstration of antibodies binding to autologous and allogeneic leukemic cells in childhood ALL - Evidence for a common ALL antigen(s)
  • 1986
  • Ingår i: Blut. - 0006-5242. ; 52:6, s. 337-343
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The humoral immune response to autologous leukemic cells was investigated in childhood ALL using a 125I protein A binding assay. In 5/7 patients antibodies were demonstrated at diagnosis and in 3/7 cases also after chemotherapy. Sera from 2/3 patients, which bound significantly to autologous leukemic cells, did not bind significantly to autologous remission cells. In allogeneic experiments sera bound significantly to ALL leukemic cells (6/7 positive combinations), but not to AML leukemic cells (8/8 negative combinations). We propose that ALL sera contain antibodies binding to autologous leukemic cells and that they are directed against a common ALL antigen(s).
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12882.
  • Fäldt, R., et al. (författare)
  • Demonstration of antibody‐associated cellular cytotoxicity in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia before and after chemotherapy
  • 1979
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 24:1, s. 17-26
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study demonstrates that a cytotoxic serum reactivity not requiring the presence of complement appears in the sera of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. The reaction is detected upon short‐term incubation of sera in vitro with autochthonous mononuclear white blood cells from peripheral venous blood of patients at the acute stage of the disease. This reactivity was demonstrated in 18/18 patients. Generally, the cytotoxicity was low in patients at the acute stage of the disease, but increased after chemotherapy and reached the highest level at the onset of clinical remission or just before. No cytotoxicity could be demonstrated against autochthonous remission white blood cells. The serum activity could be absorbed and eluted from protein A‐Sepharose CL‐4B and was recovered in the 7S‐fraction of the sera after gel filtration on Sephadex G‐200 and ion exchange chromatography. This indicates that the demonstrated cytotoxicity is due to immunoglobulins of IgG‐class. It is believed that Fc‐receptor‐bearing cells present in the target cell preparations function as effector cells. The reaction is designated antibody‐associated cellular cytotoxicity (AACC).
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12883.
  • Fäldt, R., et al. (författare)
  • Differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells in vitro demonstrated by microcalorimetry : Stimulation of leukemic and remission cells by IgG-binding Fc receptors
  • 1986
  • Ingår i: Leukemia Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0145-2126. ; 10:9, s. 1147-1150
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Interaction of immunoglobulin G (IgG)-coated latex particles with Fc receptors on myeloid leukemic blood cells and on polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMN) from remission patients and healthy blood donors was investigated using microcalorimetry. The induced heat production by leukemic cells from 13 patients with the M2, M4 and M5 FAB groups (French-American-British classification) of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was significantly higher than that of leukemic cells from 7 patients with the M1 FAB group (p < 0.005) and mononuclear blood cells from 10 healthy individuals (p < 0.005). The values were similar for PMN from 10 remission patients and 10 healthy blood donors. After incubation of M1 cells in vitro for 24-30 h at 37°C the heat production induced by IgG-coated latex particles by the cells increased significantly, indicating the appearance of Fc receptors for IgG. In addition, the heat production by unstimulated M2, M4 and M5 cells was significantly higher than that by unstimulated M1 cells (p < 0.005) and normal mononuclear cells (p < 0.0005). The heat production by unstimulated PMN suspended in tissue culture medium was similar in remission patients and healthy blood donors.
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12884.
  • Fäldt, R., et al. (författare)
  • Possibly specific immune complexes in sera of patients with untreated acute myelogenous leukemia
  • 1980
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 26:3, s. 309-314
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Eleven patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in the acute stage of the disease were studied. Sera of seven patients were assayed for complement‐dependent cytotoxicity to autochthonous AML cells and sera of four patients were tested with allogeneic target cells before and after ultrafiltration at low pH. No specific cytotoxic activity could be detected in any untreated sera. Ultrafiltration at low pH led, however, to the appearance of a significant cytotoxic activity in all of seven autochthonous and in three of four allogeneic combinations. Identical treatment of control AB sera did not result in any similar activity. The results show that potentially cytotoxic antibodies to leukemia‐associated antigens are present in the acute stage of acute myelogenous leukemia. However, they do not express complement‐dependent cytotoxicity in untreated sera. After ultrafiltration at low pH significant complement‐dependent cytotoxicity was detectable in most of the sera. One possible explanation is that cytotoxic antibodies to leukemia‐associated antigens are present in the form of circulating immune complexes. Splitting of them at low pH and elimination of the antigen component might result in an increased amount of free cytotoxic antibodies.
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12885.
  • Fäldt, R., et al. (författare)
  • Tumor‐associated humoral cytotoxicity in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia before and after chemotherapy
  • 1977
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 20:6, s. 824-833
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Sera of eight unselected adult patients with acute myelogenous leukemia obtained before and after chemotherapy were repeatedly tested for specific complement‐dependent cytotoxicity against autochthonous peripheral white blood cells from the acute leukemia stage and from the remission stage, respectively. Complement‐dependent cytotoxicity against white blood cells from the acute leukemia stage was demonstrated in all of the eight patients, while none of three patients' sera were reactive against white blood cells from the remission stage tested in parallel. The cytotoxicity was increased after chemotherapy, also in those patients in whom remission was not achieved.
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12886.
  • Förnvik, Daniel, et al. (författare)
  • ESTIMATES OF BREAST CANCER GROWTH RATE FROM MAMMOGRAMS AND ITS RELATION TO TUMOUR CHARACTERISTICS.
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Radiation Protection Dosimetry. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1742-3406 .- 0144-8420. ; 169, s. 151-157
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study aimed to investigate the growth rate of 31 consecutive invasive breast cancers based on volume measures on at least two serial mammograms and its relation to histopathological findings. The average tumour volume-doubling time in all invasive breast cancer subtypes was 282 d (range 46-749 d). Grade III breast cancers had a significantly shorter average tumour volume-doubling time of 105 d (range 46-157 d) compared with Grade I and II tumours (average of 296 d, range 147-531 d and average of 353 d, range 139-749 d, respectively) (p = 0.002). Multiple linear regression identified that tumour volume-doubling time was positively associated with patient age, histological grade and progesterone receptor expression and inversely associated with axillary lymph node involvement, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and Ki-67 expression (p < 0.001). In conclusion, tumour volume-doubling time as estimated on serial mammography may provide important prognostic information relevant for clinical decision-making.
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12887.
  • Förnvik, Daniel, et al. (författare)
  • No evidence for shedding of circulating tumor cells to the peripheral venous blood as a result of mammographic breast compression.
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7217 .- 0167-6806. ; 141:2, s. 187-195
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This pilot study aimed to investigate whether mammographic compression procedures might cause shedding of tumor cells into the circulatory system as reflected by circulating tumor cell (CTC) count in peripheral venous blood samples. From March to October 2012, 24 subjects with strong suspicion of breast malignancy were included in the study. Peripheral blood samples were acquired before and after mammography. Enumeration of CTCs in the blood samples was performed using the CellSearch(®) system. The pressure distribution over the tumor-containing breast was measured using thin pressure sensors. The median age was 66.5 years (range, 51-87 years). In 22 of the 24 subjects, breast cancer was subsequently confirmed. The difference between the average mean tumor pressure 6.8 ± 5.3 kPa (range, 1.0-22.5 kPa) and the average mean breast pressure 3.4 ± 1.6 kPa (range, 1.5-7.1 kPa) was statistically significant (p < 0.001), confirming that there was increased pressure over the tumor. The median pathological tumor size was 19 mm (range, 9-30 mm). Four subjects (17 %) were CTC positive before compression and two of these (8 %) were also CTC positive after compression. A total of seven CTCs were isolated with a mean size of 8 × 6 μm(2) (range of the longest diameter, 5-12 μm). The study supports the view that mammography is a safe procedure from the point of view of tumor cell shedding to the peripheral blood.
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12888.
  • Förnvik, Karolina, et al. (författare)
  • Anti-C1-inactivator treatment of glioblastoma
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Oncotarget. - : Impact Journals, LLC. - 1949-2553. ; 9:100, s. 37421-37428
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) or astrocytoma grade IV is the most common type of primary brain tumor in adults. In the present study, we investigate the role of the complement system in the glioblastoma situation in an experimental model, since we have previously been able to show a blockade of this system in the glioblastoma setting. Technique and results: A GFP-positive glioblastoma cell line was used to induce glioblastomas subcutaneously in rats (n=42). Antibodies against C1-Inactivator (C1-IA) were used to try to re-activate the complement system. We were able to demonstrate an increased survival in rats treated with anti-C1-IA with an intratumoral route, and we could establish the same the results in a second series. Serum analyses revealed decreased levels of IL-1b and GM-CSF in animals 24 days after tumor cell inoculation in the anti-C1-IA group when compared to controls. Immunohistochemistry revealed decreased expression of C1-IA following treatment. Interpretation: These results are in line with our previous work showing an upregulation of C1-IA, which is able to block the classical complement pathway, in glioblastomas. Treatment with antibodies against C1-IA seems to be beneficial in the glioblastoma situation, and no side effects could be seen in our experiments.
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12889.
  • Förnvik, Karolina, et al. (författare)
  • C1-inactivator is upregulated in glioblastoma
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive type of primary brain tumor in adults. A key problem is the capacity of glioma cells to inactivate the body’s immune response. The complement system acts as a functional bridge between the innate and adaptive immune response. Still, the role of the complement system has almost been forgotten in glioma research. In our present study, we hypothesize that C1 inactivator (C1-IA) is upregulated in astrocytoma grade IV, and that its inhibition of the complement system has beneficial effects upon survival. Methods and results: We have explored this hypothesis both on gene and protein levels and found an upregulation of C1-IA in human glioblastoma cells using data from a publicly available database and our own mRNA material from glioblastoma patients. Furthermore, we demonstrated the presence of C1-IA by using immunohistochemistry on glioma cells from both humans and rats in vitro. Finally, we could demonstrate a significantly increased survival in vivo in animals inoculated intracerebrally with glioma cells pre-coated with C1-IA antibodies as compared to control animals. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that overexpression of C1-IA is present in glioblastomas. This could be demonstrated both at the gene level from patients with glioblastoma, on mRNA level and with immunohistochemistry. Treatment with antibodies against C1-IA had beneficial effects on survival when tested in vivo.
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12890.
  • Förnvik, Karolina, et al. (författare)
  • ITPP treatment of RG2 glioblastoma in a rat model
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Anticancer research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 36:11, s. 5751-5755
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Inositol trispyrophosphate (ITPP) has been shown to reduce tumour growth in different animal cancer models, as well as of human U87 glioma cells grafted onto chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). The aim of this study was to establish whether ITPP crosses the blood-brain barrier and whether it halts the growth of RG2 glioblastoma tumour. Materials and Methods: A model comprising of Fischer 344 rats was chosen and RG2 cells were implanted either intracranially, or subcutaneously on the left hind leg, and the animals were treated with ITPP either intraperitoneally, intravenously or both routes combined. Overall survival was then calculated. Results: No prolonged survival was seen in animals treated with ITPP. The route of ITPP administration did not affect outcome. Conclusion: ITPP had no favourable effect upon survival in our animal model with RG2 glioblastoma tumours in Fischer 344 rats.
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