| 51. |
|
|
| 52. |
- Alian, Wael A, 1970, et al.
(författare)
-
Laser-induced fluorescence studies of meso-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin in malignant and normal tissues in rats.
- 1994
-
Ingår i: British journal of cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 70:5, s. 880-5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- meso-Tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC) is an attractive second-generation dihydroporphyrin photosensitiser for use in photodynamic therapy. In this study, 1.3 mg kg-1 body weight mTHPC was administered intravenously, and laser-induced fluorescence was used to characterise and compare its localisation and retention in different rat tissues, including an induced experimental adenocarcinoma, 24 h and 48 h post injection. These studies were performed in an attempt to predict the anatomical locations where mTHPC PDT might be most effective and suggest suitable injection--irradiation intervals in each case. Of particular interest were the intra-abdominal and intrathoracic tissues. The fluorescence was induced at 405 nm and the fluorescence spectrum in the region 450-750 nm was analysed. All collected spectra were dominated by the fluorescence signature of mTHPC with its peak at 652 nm, and all values in this study are in terms of background-free drug-specific fluorescence intensity at that wavelength. The photosensitiser accumulated in high concentrations in the tumour and the reticuloendothelial system. Muscular organs, such as the heart and the abdominal wall, were characterised by a low drug fluorescence signature.
|
|
| 53. |
|
|
| 54. |
- Alvegård, Thor, et al.
(författare)
-
Cellular DNA content and prognosis of high-grade soft tissue sarcoma: the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group experience
- 1990
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 1527-7755. ; 8:3, s. 538-547
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nuclear DNA content of 148 high-grade soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities and trunk was determined by flow cytometry, using tumor material from paraffin-embedded tissue. The patients were part of a prospective randomized clinical trial on the efficacy of adjuvant single-agent chemotherapy with doxorubicin. Chemotherapy did not improve the metastasis-free survival (MFS). After a median follow-up time of 48 months (range, 2 to 97), a multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for developing metastatic disease was performed. DNA aneuploidy was found to be an independent prognostic risk factor in addition to histologic malignancy grade IV, intratumoral vascular invasion, tumor size over 10 cm, and male sex. Patients with none or one risk factor had a 5-year MFS of 79%, with two risk factors 65%, with three risk factors 43%, and with four and five risk factors 0%. About one half (78 of 148) of the patients with three factors or less belonged to a group with a MFS over 60%. The combination of different risk factors, including DNA aneuploidy, seems to be a useful prognostic model for soft tissue sarcomas, which could be of value to select high-risk patients for further trials with adjunctive therapy.
|
|
| 55. |
- Arnerlöv, Conny, 1952-
(författare)
-
Prediction of prognosis in human breast cancer : a study on clinicopathologic and cytometric prognostic factors
- 1991
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study was undertaken to evaluate some important prognostic factors in human breast cancer. The prognostic value of accepted clinicopathological factors such as the presence of axillary lymph node métastasés, histologic grade, clinical and pathological stage was confirmed.In a cohort of stage T3,T4,M0 breast cancer with 91 patients (paper I) DNA ploidy by static cytometry (SCM) turned out to be the most important prognostic factor. In a cohort of stage T2,M0 breast cancer with 99 patients (paper III) the presence of involved axillary nodes and low histologic grade were independent prognostic factors. According to life-table analyses DNA ploidy by flow cytometty (FCM) and SCM were significant prognostic predictors for survival but S-phase fraction (SPF) was not. The significant discrimination between euploid and aneuploid tumours was seen also among the node-negative patients. In a patient material with 158 tumours of predominantly low stages (73% T0,T1, papers IV and V) and calculated mammographie tumour volume doubling time (DT) DNA ploidy by FCM gave no significant prognostic information. A computer program was used to calculate SPF from the histograms obtained by FCM. SPF with a cut-off value of 7.5% between tumours with high and low proliferation rate was a highly significant and independent prognostic factor for survival. The other independent prognostic predictors were low histologic grade, the presence of involved axillary nodes and stage II and III (versus stage I).DT values for 158 patients (papers IV and V) varied between 0.6 and 65.8 months (mean 10.9 months) and 11 tumours showed no growth at all between mammographies. The median value of 9.0 months was chosen as cut-off point between slow and fast growing tumours. The prognostic power of DT was however low, and the difference between slow and fast growing tumours was significant only for distant disease-free survival. Seventy-one of the 158 tumours were detected by mammographie screening. The screening detected carcinomas with predominantly long DT:s were discovered at an early stage and showed favourable characteristics concerning DNA ploidy and SPF.FCM was a rapid and reliable method for DNA analysis with a better prognostic discrimination between euploid and aneuploid groups than SCM (papers II and III).SPF, DNA ploidy and histologic grade are significantly correlated to one another but show no strong correlation to the presence of axillary lymph node métastasés. There is also a significant correlation between DT on one hand and DNA ploidy and SPF on the other hand.In conclusion the classic prognostic factors are still valuable. DNA ploidy as a single prognostic factor seems to have a relatively low prognostic power and seems to be of limited clinical value. SPF is a highly significant prognostic predictor for breast cancer of low stage, but the clinical value is not defined.
|
|
| 56. |
- Augustsson, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Common and dysplastic naevi as risk factors for cutaneous malignant melanoma in a Swedish population.
- 1991
-
Ingår i: Acta dermato-venereologica. - 0001-5555. ; 71:6, s. 518-24
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Common naevi, dysplastic naevi (DN) and other phenotypic features were evaluated as melanoma risk factors in a Swedish case-control study. One-hundred and twenty-one prevalent melanoma cases and 378 randomly selected controls participated. The mean total body naevus count was 115 in the cases and 67 in the controls. Fifty-six per cent of the cases and 18% of the controls had clinical DN. The corresponding figures for histologically diagnosed DN were 40% and 8% respectively. Clinical DN was as good as histologically diagnosed DN in identifying individuals at risk for melanoma. Subjects with sun-sensitive skin, greater than or equal to 150 naevi and presence of DN have 50 times higher melanoma risk than those without these characteristics.
|
|
| 57. |
- Augustsson, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Melanocytic naevi in sun-exposed and protected skin in melanoma patients and controls.
- 1991
-
Ingår i: Acta dermato-venereologica. - 0001-5555. ; 71:6, s. 512-7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The possible link between exposure to ultraviolet light and naevus development was studied in 121 melanoma patients and 310 controls by comparing the number of naevi in a sun-exposed area on the back with that in a sun-protected area on the buttocks. Both patients and controls had a four-fold increase in the number of naevi in the exposed compared with the protected area, p less than 0.001. The difference in naevus count between the exposed and the protected area was larger in patients than in controls, p less than 0.001. Subjects with dysplastic naevi, melanoma patients as well as controls, had a larger difference in the number of naevi between the two areas than subjects without dysplastic naevi, p less than 0.001. These results support the idea that sunlight plays an important role in naevus development and may explain why a high naevus count is a risk marker for malignant melanoma.
|
|
| 58. |
- Augustsson, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevalence of common and dysplastic naevi in a Swedish population.
- 1991
-
Ingår i: The British journal of dermatology. - 0007-0963. ; 124:2, s. 152-6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The naevus profile was examined in a Swedish population that was randomly selected from a census file. The participation rate was considered high at 82%. The number of common naevi (CN) and the prevalence of dysplastic naevi (DN) were investigated in 379 subjects (aged 30-50 years). The mean total body count of CN greater than or equal to 2 mm was 67 (range 1-300). As many as 22% of the population had 100 naevi or more and only 18% had less than 25. The counts were not influenced by age or sex. DN were diagnosed clinically in 18% (CI 14-22%) of the subjects and histologically in 8% (CI 5-11%). Subjects with dysplastic naevi had a significantly larger number of common naevi and a more sun-sensitive skin type than subjects without DN, P less than 0.001.
|
|
| 59. |
- Augustsson, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Regional distribution of melanocytic naevi in relation to sun exposure, and site-specific counts predicting total number of naevi.
- 1992
-
Ingår i: Acta dermato-venereologica. - 0001-5555. ; 72:2, s. 123-7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of exposure to ultraviolet light in the formation of melanocytic naevi was analysed by investigating the regional naevus distribution in 310 subjects (30-50 years) from a Swedish census file. The lateral aspect of the arms and the back had the largest concentration of naevi. The mean naevus count per unit surface area was higher in intermittently exposed than in rarely exposed skin (p less than 0.001), while the lowest mean count was found in chronically exposed skin. These results support the idea that intermittent exposure to ultraviolet light has a "naevogenic" effect while chronic exposure might be protective. Dysplastic naevi had a distribution pattern quite different from common naevi. Considering the distribution pattern solely, dysplastic naevi seem to develop independently of exposure to ultraviolet light. The numbers of naevi in different skin areas were tested for their power in predicting the total body naevus count. The strongest correlations were found between total counts and counts on the anterior surface of the thighs and the lateral aspect of the arms. Counts from any of these areas will provide a practical and satisfactory estimate of the total number of naevi.
|
|
| 60. |
- Baranov, Vladimir, et al.
(författare)
-
Expression of carcinoembryonic antigen and nonspecific cross-reacting 50-kDa antigen in human normal and cancerous colon mucosa : comparative ultrastructural study with monoclonal antibodies
- 1994
-
Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 54:12, s. 3305-3314
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The precise localization of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and non-specific cross-reacting 50-kDa antigen (NCA 50) in normal colon mucosa and colon adenocarcinoma was investigated by using an indirect immunoperoxidase electron microscopic technique with specific monoclonal antibodies. In normal adult colon both antigens were localized to microvesicles and filaments of the "fuzzy coat" on the apical surface of the epithelial cells. In addition, NCA 50 was found in the narrow spaces between adjoining microvilli. Mature columnar cells at the free luminal surface contained most of the antigen positive material. CEA and NCA 50 were also detected as intracellular components of goblet cells. In multilayered tumor glands, the cell surface expression of the antigens was dependent on the position of the tumor cell in the gland. The neoplastic cells showed either a predominant apical labeling or a positive staining of almost the entire cell surface. Some of the neoplastic cells contained CEA in so-called "intracellular lumina." In contrast to normal colon epithelial cells most tumor cells synthesized NCA 50 actively. In normal colonic mucosa, unlike in cancerous tissue, CEA and NCA 50 appear to be released via vesicles formed from the microvillous membrane of mature columnar cells. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that CEA and NCA play a role in the nonspecific defense against microorganisms in the large intestine.
|
|
