| 41. |
- Khorram-Manesh, Ruedeerat, et al.
(author)
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Can hotels be used as alternative care sites in disasters and public health emergencies—A narrative review
- 2024
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In: AIMS Public Health. - 2327-8994. ; 11, s. 917-935
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Managing disasters and public health emergencies poses a complex challenge, particularly in maintaining the crucial elements of surge capacity, often referred to as the 4S: staff, stuff, space, and system. While discussions surrounding the management of these emergencies typically emphasize their impact on emergency healthcare services, resources, and capabilities, it is essential to recognize the inherent limitations of these resources. Therefore, integrating non-medical resources such as community staff, supplies, and spaces into the response chain is equally important. Among community facilities, hotels are particularly intriguing due to their organizational and structural capabilities to serve as alternative care sites for lightly injured or non-injured emergency victims. This narrative review explored the potential use of hotels as alternative care sites and the legal implications associated with such utilization. The results confirmed a high potential for using hotels as alternate care sites. However, data concerning its practical and legal implications are insufficient. This paper suggests further research to investigate the criteria for utilizing hotels in this capacity, including admission guidelines for disaster victims and relevant ethical and legal considerations.
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| 42. |
- Ryman Augustsson, Sofia, et al.
(author)
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Injuries and preventive actions in elite Swedish volleyball.
- 2006
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In: Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 16:6, s. 433-40
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of injury and the extent of preventive actions in elite Swedish volleyball players. Injuries to players in the elite male and female Swedish division, during the 2002-2003 season, were registered by using a questionnaire. Of the 158 volleyball players (70% response rate), a total of 82 players (52%) reported 121 injuries, during a total exposure time of 24 632 h, representing an overall incidence of 0.77 injuries per player. The majority of the injuries were located in the ankle (23%), followed by the knee (18%) and the back (15%). Most injuries (62%) were classified as being of minor severity. Most injuries occurred during training (47%), and 41% of the injuries had a gradual onset. Fifty-four percent of the injuries that could be related to a specific court situation occurred during blocking, and 30% during spiking. Most players (96%) participated in injury prevention training of some kind, generally performed without supervision (58%). Although most players took part in some kind of preventive action, one out of two players incurred an injury during the season, which indicates that the risk of suffering an injury in elite volleyball is relatively high.
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| 43. |
- Pourhamidi, Kaveh, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of clinical tools and their diagnostic use in distal symmetric polyneuropathy
- 2014
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In: Primary care diabetes. - : Elsevier. - 1878-0210 .- 1751-9918. ; 8:1, s. 77-84
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: To compare the diagnostic usefulness of tuning fork, monofilament, biothesiometer and skin biopsies in peripheral neuropathy in individuals with varying glucose metabolism.METHODS: Normoglycaemic, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) individuals were recruited. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) and thermal threshold tests were performed. Vibrotactile sense was tested with a biothesiometer and a 128-Hz tuning fork. Touch/pressure perception was examined with a 10-g monofilament. Skin biopsies were performed and intraepidermal nerve fibres were quantified. Distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN) was defined as neuropathy disability score ≥2 and abnormal NCS. Thermal threshold tests were used to define small nerve fibre neuropathy (sDSPN) in cases where NCS (large nerve fibres) were normal.RESULTS: The prevalence of DSPN and sDSPN in the whole group (n=119) was 18% and 23%, respectively. For the biothesiometer, a cut-off of ≥24.5V had a sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 70% (AUC=0.81, 95% CI 0.71-0.91) when evaluating DSPN. An intraepidermal nerve fibre density cut-off of ≤3.39fibres/mm showed a sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 70% in the detection of sDSPN, whereas the sensitivity of the tuning fork and the biothesiometer were relatively low, 46% and 67%, respectively. When combining skin biopsies with the tuning fork, 10 more sDSPN cases were identified. Adding skin biopsy to the combination of the tuning fork and biothesiometer increased the sensitivity of finding sDSPN cases, but not DSPN, from 81% to 93%.CONCLUSION: Using a biothesiometer in clinical routine might be a sensitive method to detect large nerve fibre dysfunction in the lower extremity, whereas skin biopsies in combination with methods measuring vibrotactile sense could increase the diagnostic sensitivity of detecting peripheral neuropathy at an early stage.
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| 44. |
- Farahmand, Dan, et al.
(author)
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Intracranial pressure in hydrocephalus: impact of shunt adjustments and body positions
- 2015
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In: Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. - : BMJ. - 0022-3050 .- 1468-330X. ; 86:2, s. 222-228
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background The association between intracranial pressure (ICP) and different shunt valve opening pressures in relation to body positions is fundamental for understanding the physiological function of the shunt. Objective To analyse the ICP and ICP wave amplitude (AMP) at different shunt settings and body positions in patients with hydrocephalus. Methods In this prospective study 15 patients with communicating hydrocephalus were implanted with a ligated adjustable ventriculoperitoneal shunt. They also received a portable intraparenchymatous ICP-monitoring device. Postoperative ICP and AMP were recorded with the patients in three different body positions (supine, sitting and walking) and with the shunt ligated and open at high, medium and low valve settings. In each patient 12 10 min segments were coded, blinded and analysed for mean ICP and mean AMP using an automated computer algorithm. Results Mean ICP and mean AMP were lower at all three valve settings compared with the ligated shunt state (p<0.001). Overall, when compared with the supine position, mean ICP was 11.5 +/- 1.1 (mean +/- SD) mm Hg lower when sitting and 10.5 +/- 1.1 mm Hg lower when walking (p<0.001). Mean ICP was overall 1.1 mm Hg higher (p=0.042) when walking compared with sitting. The maximal adjustability difference (highest vs lowest valve setting) was 4.4 mm Hg. Conclusions Changing from a supine to an upright position reduced ICP while AMP only increased at trend level. Lowering of the shunt valve opening pressure decreased ICP and AMP but the difference in mean ICP in vivo between the highest and lowest opening pressures was less than half that previously observed in vitro.
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| 45. |
- Möller, Karin, 1962, et al.
(author)
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Avanta versus Swanson silicone implants in the MCP joint--a prospective, randomized comparison of 30 patients followed for 2 years
- 2005
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In: J Hand Surg [Br]. - : SAGE Publications. - 0266-7681. ; 30:1, s. 8-13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The results of Swanson and Avanta metacarpophalangeal joint arthroplasties in rheumatoid patients were compared in a prospective, randomized study of 30 patients (120 implants). At 2-year follow-up, grip strength was measured, hand function was assessed with the Sollerman test and the subjective outcome was determined with visual analogue scores. With both implants ulnar deviation and flexion deformities decreased, and there was no difference between the groups. The increase in range of motion was 7 degrees greater with Avanta implants than with Swanson implants. Grip strength and hand function were unaltered but the visual analogue scales showed decreased pain levels and subjective improvements in hand function, grip strength and cosmesis. Twenty-four of 30 patients were satisfied. Fracture of the silicone spacer occurred with 12 Avanta (20%) and eight Swanson implants (13%), with a higher fracture frequency in men.
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| 46. |
- Abtahi, Jahan, et al.
(author)
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Bisphosphonate coating might improve fixation of dental implants in the maxilla: A pilot study
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. - : Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. - 0901-5027 .- 1399-0020. ; 39:7, s. 673-677
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This pilot study evaluates the clinical stability of bisphosphonate-coated dental implants placed using a two-stage surgical procedure in five patients. Each patient received seven regular Brånemark implants, one of which was coated with bisphosphonate in a fibrinogen matrix. The coated implant was inserted where the bone was expected to have the least favourable quality. The level of the marginal bone around each implant was measured by intraoral periapical radiographs and implant stability was recorded using resonance frequency measurements. Frequency values (ISQ) were obtained peroperatively before flap closure and after 6 months at abutment connection. At abutment connection the bisphosphonate-coated implants were removed en bloc in two patients for histological examination. An animal experiment had previously confirmed that gamma-sterilization did not reduce bioactivity of the bisphosphonate coating. In each patient, the bisphosphonate-coated implant showed the largest improvement in ISQ level of all implants. Their values at the start tended to be lower, and the absolute value at 6 months did not differ. No complications occurred with the coated implants. Histology showed no abnormalities. Improvement in ISQ values was an expected effect of the bisphosphonate coating, but could be due to the choice of insertion site. This finding warrants a randomized, blinded study.
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| 47. |
- Nilsson, Anders, 1958, et al.
(author)
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The Artelon CMC spacer compared with tendon interposition arthroplasty.
- 2010
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In: Acta orthopaedica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1745-3682 .- 1745-3674. ; 81:2, s. 237-44
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Artelon CMC spacer is designed for surgical treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) in the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb (CMC-I). Good results using this degradable device were previously presented in a pilot study. We now present results from a larger randomized, controlled, multicenter study.
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| 48. |
- Lindahl Norberg, Annika, 1960-, et al.
(author)
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Relationship between problems related to child late effects and parent burnout after pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
- 2014
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In: Pediatric Transplantation. - : Wiley. - 1397-3142 .- 1399-3046. ; 18:3, s. 302-309
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A few studies have indicated that parents' reactions to a child's serious disease may entail long-term stress for the parents. However, further knowledge of its consequences is valuable. The aim of the study was to investigate the occurrence of burnout in a Swedish national sample of parents of children who had undergone HSCT and survived. Burnout (Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire) and estimations of the child's health status (Lansky/Karnofsky estimations and study-specific questions) were self-reported by 159 mothers and 123 fathers. In addition, physicians made estimations of the child's health status (Lansky/Karnofsky estimations). Nonparametric tests revealed that burnout symptoms occurred more often among fathers of children who had undergone transplantation within the last five yr compared to fathers of children with no history of serious disease (34.4% vs. 19.9%). Burnout among mothers and fathers was associated with the child's number and severity of health impairments up to five yr after the child underwent HSCT (Spearman's rho for mothers 0.26-0.36 and for fathers 0.36-0.61). In conclusion, chronic stress in parents after a child's HSCT seems to abate eventually. However, parents should be monitored and offered adequate support when needed. Moreover, the situation of fathers in the often mother-dominated pediatric setting should receive more attention in research as well as in the clinic.
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| 49. |
- Almirón Santa-Bárbara, Rafael, et al.
(author)
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New technologies for the classification of proximal humeral fractures : Comparison between Virtual Reality and 3D printed models—a randomised controlled trial
- 2023
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In: Virtual Reality. - : Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. - 1359-4338 .- 1434-9957. ; 27:3, s. 1623-1634
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Correct classification of fractures according to their patterns is critical for developing a treatment plan in orthopaedic surgery. Unfortunately, for proximal humeral fractures (PHF), methods for proper classification have remained a jigsaw puzzle that has not yet been fully solved despite numerous proposed classifications and diagnostic methods. Recently, many studies have suggested that three-dimensional printed models (3DPM) can improve the interobserver agreement on PHF classifications. Moreover, Virtual Reality (VR) has not been properly studied for classification of shoulder injuries. The current study investigates the PHF classification accuracy relative to an expert committee when using either 3DPM or equivalent models displayed in VR among 36 orthopaedic surgery residents from different hospitals. We designed a multicentric randomised controlled trial in which we created two groups: a group exposed to a total of 34 3DPM and another exposed to VR equivalents. Association between classification accuracy and group assignment (VR/3DPM) was assessed using mixed effects logistic regression models. The results showed VR can be considered a non-inferior technology for classifying PHF when compared to 3DPM. Moreover, VR may be preferable when considering possible time and resource savings along with potential uses of VR for presurgical planning in orthopaedics.
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| 50. |
- Stattin, Pär, et al.
(author)
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Surveillance and deferred treatment for localized prostate cancer : Population based study in the National Prostate Cancer Register of Sweden
- 2008
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In: Journal of Urology. - Baltimore : Williams and Wilkins. - 0022-5347 .- 1527-3792. ; 180:6, s. 2423-2430
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: To what extent active surveillance and deferred treatment for localized risk prostate cancer are used is unclear. We assessed the use of surveillance and of deferred treatment in a population based, nationwide cohort in Sweden.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the National Prostate Cancer Register of Sweden, with a 98% coverage vs the compulsory Swedish Cancer Registry, we identified 8,304 incident cases of prostate cancer in 1997 to 2002 with age younger than 70 years, clinical local stage T1 or 2, N0 or Nx, M0 or Mx and serum prostate specific antigen less than 20 ng/ml. Data were extracted from medical charts for 7,782 of these men (94%) at a median of 4 years after diagnosis.RESULTS: Primary treatment was surveillance for 2,065 men (26%), radical prostatectomy for 3,722 (48%), radiotherapy for 1,632 (21%) and hormonal treatment for 363 (5%). Men on surveillance had lower local tumor stage, grade and prostate specific antigen, and were older than those who received active primary treatment (p <0.001). After a median surveillance of 4 years 711 men (34%) on surveillance had received deferred treatment, which was radical prostatectomy for 279 (39%), radiotherapy for 212 (30%) and hormonal treatment for 220 (30%).CONCLUSIONS: Surveillance was a common treatment for patients younger than 70 years with localized prostate cancer in Sweden in 1997 to 2002, 26% of men with localized prostate cancer started surveillance and after a median followup of 4 years, 66% of these men remained on surveillance.
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