| 2661. |
- Roberts, Ruby, et al.
(author)
-
Medical students’ views of clinical environments
- 2018
-
In: The Clinical Teacher. - : Wiley. - 1743-498X .- 1743-4971. ; 15:4, s. 325-330
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Monitoring the quality of clinical learning environments (CLEs) is immensely important in medical education. Objective indicators of the quality of the CLE can be used to measure learner perceptions and to inform educational improvements; however, many established tools were not designed for use in clinical settings and are not theoretically grounded. Our aim was to apply a new tool to the new context of a UK setting to explore the perceptions of senior medical students in a number of different CLEs. Methods: The four-factor Undergraduate Clinical Education Environment Measure (UCEEM) was translated into English, and used to gather final-year medical students’ perceptions of four different specialties they had rotated through: Emergency Medicine (EM), General Surgery (GS), Medicine for the Elderly (ME), and Obstetrics and Gynaecology (O&G). The UCEEMwas distributed in paper form. Students were asked to complete it in relation to two of the four specialties. Results/findings: Year-5 medical students (n = 132) returned a completed UCEEM. For opportunities to learn in and through work experience EM was reported the most positively. ME was perceived to be the most prepared for student entry. Students reported being well received by staff and made to feel part of the team within GS, EM and ME, but less so in O&G. Discussion: UCEEM appears to be a useful tool for evaluating medical student perceptions of CLEs. Theoretically robust, UCEEM is straightforward to administer and to score. It has the potential to be used by time-pressured educators to collect baseline and comparative data for evaluation and improvement purposes.
|
|
| 2662. |
- Rodby Bousquet, Elisabet, et al.
(author)
-
Interrater reliability and construct validity of the posture and postural ability scale in adults with cerebral pulsy in supine, prone, siting and standing position
- 2014
-
In: Clinical Rehabilitation. - : SAGE Publications. - 0269-2155 .- 1477-0873. ; 28:1, s. 82-90
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Objective To evaluate reliability, internal consistency and construct validity of the Posture and Postural Ability Scale for adults with cerebral palsy. Design Psychometric evaluation of a clinical assessment tool. Setting Rehabilitation Centres in Sweden and Iceland. Subjects Thirty adults with cerebral palsy aged 19-22 years, six people at each level I-V of the Gross Motor Function Classification System. Main measures The Posture and Postural Ability Scale contains a 7-point ordinal scale for postural ability in supine, prone, sitting, and standing and items for assessment of posture. Posture and postural ability was rated from photos and videos by three independent assessors. Interrater reliability was calculated using weighted Kappa. Internal consistency was analysed with Cronbach’s alpha if item deleted and corrected item-total correlation. Construct validity was evaluated based on known groups, using Jonckheere Terpstra for averaged values of the three raters relative to the Gross Motor Function Classification System. Results There was an excellent interrater reliability (kappa=0.85-0.99) and a high internal consistency (alpha=0.96-0.97, item-total correlation=0.60-0.91). Median values differed (p<0.02) between known groups represented by the levels of gross motor function, showing construct validity for all items. Conclusion The Posture and Postural Ability scale showed an excellent interrater reliability for experienced raters, a high internal consistency and construct validity. It can detect postural asymmetries in adults with cerebral palsy at all levels of gross motor function.
|
|
| 2663. |
|
|
| 2664. |
- Rogers, Shane L., et al.
(author)
-
Further development of the reflective practice questionnaire
- 2024
-
In: PeerJ. - : PeerJ Inc.. - 2167-8359. ; 12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background This article provides an update of the Reflective Practice Questionnaire (RPQ). The original RPQ consisted of 40-items with 10-sub-scales. In this article, the RPQ is streamlined into a 10-item single reflective practice construct, and a 30-item extended version that includes additional sub-scales of confidence, uncertainty/stress, and work satisfaction.Methods A total of 501 university students filled out an online questionnaire that contained the original Reflective Practice Questionnaire, and two general measures of reflection: The Self-Reflection and Insight Scale, and the Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire.Results Based on factor analysis, the RPQ was streamlined into a brief 10-item version, and an extended 30-item version. Small positive correlations were found between the RPQ reflective practice measure and the two measures of general reflection, providing discriminant validity evidence for the RPQ. The RPQ was found to be sensitive to differences among industries, whereas the general measures of reflection were not. Average reflective practice scores were higher for health and education industries compared to retail and food/accommodation industries.
|
|
| 2665. |
- Rogmark, Cecilia, et al.
(author)
-
Orthopaedic treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in elderly patients
- 2005
-
In: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 27:18-19, s. 1143-1149
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose and method: A review article concerning orthopaedic treatment and rehabilitation of displaced femoral neck fractures, focusing on evidence-based knowledge. Results: Properly performed randomized controlled studies comparing internal fixation and primary arthroplasty provides the best basis to decide which method should be used. During the last decade, several such studies have been published, in addition to a few earlier works. After internal fixation with pins, screws or sliding hip screw and plate, the failure rate was 21-57% and re-operations were performed in 14-53% of all the cases. In the studies using THA, the failure rate was 4-11% and the re-operation rate 2-8%. The corresponding numbers for hemi-arthroplasty were 3-23% and 0-24%. A primary arthroplasty tends to result in better function and less pain during the rehabilitation period. Conclusion: With support in evidence-based literature, an elderly patient with displaced femoral neck fracture should be treated with a primary arthroplasty. If the individual is healthy, active and mentally intact, a total hip arthroplasty should be performed, otherwise a hemi-arthroplasty. This rationale ensures fewer failures and re-operations, as well as better function and less pain during the rehabilitation.
|
|
| 2666. |
- Ronne-Engström, Elisabeth, et al.
(author)
-
Symptomatic colloid cysts in the third ventricle of monozygotic twins
- 2015
-
In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - : Uppsala Medical Society. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; 120:1, s. 59-62
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this case report we describe colloid cysts in the third ventricles of monozygotic twin sisters. They were 26 years old when their condition was discovered. One woman was admitted to us on an emergency basis, with signs of high intracranial pressure such as unconsciousness and extension posturing. Her sister was also brought to the hospital since she had a history of attacks of headache. They were both operated with removal of the colloid cysts, and the clinical courses are described in the case report. In reviewing the literature another 30 familial cases were found. Of these were two pairs of monozygotic and one pair of dizygotic twins.
|
|
| 2667. |
|
|
| 2668. |
- Rosborg, Sofia, et al.
(author)
-
Exploring mHealths Fit to Workflow in Homecare - A Case Study in Sweden.
- 2019
-
In: Context Sensitive Health Informatics: Sustainability in Dynamic Ecosystems. - 9781643680057 ; 265, s. 54-59
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- With an ageing population and limited resources in healthcare, many high-income countries such as Sweden see an increase in homecare and mobile work for healthcare professionals. In this case study, we explore how mHealth services can support the everyday work for healthcare professionals when delivering home care in rural areas in Sweden. The studied mHealth application had failed to be adopted among district nurses, despite a great expressed need for mobile tools. The results indicate that the mHealth solution did not live up the healthcare professionals' expectations in terms of providing the same functions as the regular electronic health record systems, and with poor integration into the existing eco-system of eHealth applications. In conclusion, in order for a mHealth application to be successfully implemented in a context where many digital services are already in use, it is not enough to support important activities in the current workflow. The mHealth application will need to be carefully integrated into the existing eco-system of healthcare applications to increase the chances of adoption.
|
|
| 2669. |
- Rosenberg, Abby R, et al.
(author)
-
Long-term psychosocial outcomes among bereaved siblings of children with cancer
- 2015
-
In: Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0885-3924 .- 1873-6513. ; 49:1, s. 55-65
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- CONTEXT.: The death of a child from cancer affects the entire family. Little is known about the long-term psychosocial outcomes of bereaved siblings.OBJECTIVES: To describe: 1) the prevalence of risky health behaviors, psychological distress, and social support among bereaved siblings; and 2) potentially modifiable factors associated with poor outcomes.METHODS: Bereaved siblings were eligible for this dual-center, cross-sectional, survey-based study if they were 16 years old or older and their parents had enrolled in one of three prior studies about caring for children with cancer at the end of life. Linear regression models identified associations between personal perspectives before, during, and after the family's cancer experience and outcomes (health behaviors, psychological distress, and social support).RESULTS: Fifty-eight siblings completed surveys (62% response rate). They were approximately 12 years bereaved, with a mean age of 26 years at the time of the survey (SD=7.8). Anxiety, depression, and illicit substance use increased during the year following their brother/sister's death, but then returned to baseline. Siblings who reported dissatisfaction with communication, poor preparation for death, missed opportunities to say "goodbye," and/or a perceived negative impact of the cancer experience on relationships tended to have higher distress and lower social support scores (P<0.001-0.031). Almost all siblings reported their loss still affected them; half stated the experience impacted current educational and career goals.CONCLUSION: How siblings experience the death of a child with cancer may impact their long-term psychosocial well-being. Sibling-directed communication and concurrent supportive care during the cancer experience and the year following sibling death may mitigate poor long-term outcomes.
|
|
| 2670. |
- Rosengren, Björn, et al.
(author)
-
EPA – en modell för att träna och bedöma dagligt läkarjobb
- 2019
-
In: Läkartidningen. - : Läkartidningen Förlag AB. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 116:19-20
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) define observable key tasks that a doctor should be able to do independently after having completed a certain level of education. Progression is facilitated by frequent assessments of the defined activities, with increased degree of independence. The observations should be supported by constructive feed-forward. EPA is currently used in several countries both in undergraduate and post graduate education. In the context of pending changes in Swedish legislation regarding undergraduate education qualifications ordinance and medical licensing, a Swedish national work group has begun to define Swedish EPA for the future undergraduate education.
|
|
