| 61. |
- Grünloh, Christiane, et al.
(author)
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Using Critical Incidents in Workshops to Inform eHealth Design
- 2017
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In: Human-Computer Interaction - INTERACT 2017. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319677439 - 9783319677446 ; , s. 364-373
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Demands for technological solutions to address the variety of problems in healthcare have increased. The design of eHealth is challenging due to e.g. the complexity of the domain and the multitude of stakeholders involved. We describe a workshop method based on Critical Incidents that can be used to reflect on, and critically analyze, different experiences and practices in healthcare. We propose the workshop format, which was used during a conference and found very helpful by the participants to identify possible implications for eHealth design, that can be applied in future projects. This new format shows promise to evaluate eHealth designs, to learn from patients’ real stories and case studies through retrospective meta-analyses, and to inform design through joint reflection of understandings about users’ needs and issues for designers.
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| 62. |
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| 63. |
- Suchan, Jakob, et al.
(author)
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Commonsense Visual Sensemaking for Autonomous Driving : On Generalised Neurosymbolic Online Abduction Integrating Vision and Semantics
- 2021
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In: Artificial Intelligence. - : Elsevier. - 0004-3702 .- 1872-7921. ; 299
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We demonstrate the need and potential of systematically integrated vision and semantics solutions for visual sensemaking in the backdrop of autonomous driving. A general neurosymbolic method for online visual sensemaking using answer set programming (ASP) is systematically formalised and fully implemented. The method integrates state of the art in visual computing, and is developed as a modular framework that is generally usable within hybrid architectures for realtime perception and control. We evaluate and demonstrate with community established benchmarks KITTIMOD, MOT-2017, and MOT-2020. As use-case, we focus on the significance of human-centred visual sensemaking —e.g., involving semantic representation and explainability, question-answering, commonsense interpolation— in safety-critical autonomous driving situations. The developed neurosymbolic framework is domain-independent, with the case of autonomous driving designed to serve as an exemplar for online visual sensemaking in diverse cognitive interaction settings in the backdrop of select human-centred AI technology design considerations.
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| 64. |
- Tedersoo, Leho, et al.
(author)
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Standardizing metadata and taxonomic identification in metabarcoding studies
- 2015
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In: GigaScience. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-217X .- 2047-217X. ; 4
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- High-throughput sequencing-based metabarcoding studies produce vast amounts of ecological data, but a lack of consensus on standardization of metadata and how to refer to the species recovered severely hampers reanalysis and comparisons among studies. Here we propose an automated workflow covering data submission, compression, storage and public access to allow easy data retrieval and inter-study communication. Such standardized and readily accessible datasets facilitate data management, taxonomic comparisons and compilation of global metastudies.
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| 65. |
- Kucher, Kostiantyn, et al.
(author)
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Visual Analysis of Sentiment and Stance in Social Media Texts
- 2018
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In: EuroVis 2018 - Posters. - : Eurographics - European Association for Computer Graphics. - 9783038680659 ; , s. 49-51
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Despite the growing interest for visualization of sentiments and emotions in textual data, the task of detecting and visualizing various stances is not addressed well by the existing approaches. The challenges associated with this task include development of the underlying computational methods and visualization of the corresponding multi-label stance classification results. In this poster abstract, we describe the ongoing work on a visual analytics platform called StanceVis Prime, which is designed for analysis of sentiment and stance in temporal text data from various social media data sources. Our approach consumes documents from several text stream sources, applies sentiment and stance classification, and provides end users with both an overview of the resulting data series and a detailed view for close reading and examination of the classifiers’ output. The intended use case scenarios for StanceVis Prime include social media monitoring and research in sociolinguistics.
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| 66. |
- Kujala, Sari, et al.
(author)
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Benchmarking usability of patient portals in Estonia, Finland, Norway, and Sweden
- 2024
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In: International Journal of Medical Informatics. - : Elsevier. - 1386-5056 .- 1872-8243. ; 181
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Poor usability is a barrier to widespread adoption of electronic health records (EHR). Providing good usability is especially challenging in the health care context, as there is a wide variety of patient users. Usability benchmarking is an approach for improving usability by evaluating and comparing the strength and weaknesses of systems. The main purpose of this study is to benchmark usability of patient portals across countries. METHODS: A mixed-methods survey approach was applied to benchmark the national patient portals offering patient access to EHR in Estonia, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. These Nordic countries have similar public healthcare systems, and they are pioneers in offering patients access to EHR for several years. In a survey of 29,334 patients, both patients' quantitative ratings of usability and their qualitative descriptions of very positive and very negative peak experiences of portal use were collected. RESULTS: The usability scores ranged from good to fair level of usability. The narratives of very positive and very negative experiences included the benefits of the patient portals and experienced usability issues. The regression analysis of results showed that very positive and negative experiences of patient portal use explain 19-35% of the variation of usability scores in the four countries. The percentage of patients who reported very positive or very negative experiences in each country was unrelated to the usability scores across countries. CONCLUSIONS: The survey approach could be used to evaluate usability with a wide variety of users and it supported learning from comparison across the countries. The combination of quantitative and qualitative data provided an approximation of the level of the perceived usability, and identified usability issues to be improved and useful features that patients appreciate. Further work is needed to improve the comparability of the varied samples across countries.
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| 67. |
- Dodig Crnkovic, Gordana, 1955
(author)
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Natural Computation of Cognition, from single cells up
- 2022
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In: Unconventional Computing, Arts, Philosophy. - Singapore : WORLD SCIENTIFIC. - 9789811257162 - 9789811257148 - 9789811257155 ; , s. 57-78
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- At the time when the first models of cognitive architectures have been proposed, some forty years ago, the understanding of cognition, embodiment, and evolution was substantially different from today. So was the state of the art of information physics, information chemistry, bioinformatics, neuroinformatics, computational neuroscience, complexity theory, self-organization, theory of evolution, as well as the basic concepts of information and computation. Novel developments support a constructive interdisciplinary framework for cognitive architectures based on natural morphological computing, where interactions between constituents at different levels of organization of matter-energy and their corresponding time-dependent dynamics, lead to the complexification of agency and increased cognitive capacities of living organisms that unfold through evolution. Proposed info-computational framework for naturalizing cognition considers present updates (generalizations) of the concepts of information, computation, cognition, and evolution in order to attain an alignment with the current state of the art in corresponding research fields. Some important open questions are suggested for future research with implications for further development of cognitive and intelligent technologies.
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| 68. |
- Patrignani, Norberto, et al.
(author)
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Is the IT infrastructure future proof?
- 2011
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In: The social impact of social computing. - Sheffield, UK : Sheffield Hallam University. ; , s. 356-361
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ICT infrastructure and its technological core are now becoming the critical infrastructures of our society. Our activities and processes are now relying on these platforms, they are now our social and business platforms. But are they sustainable? What are the (physical) limits to take into account when looking into the ICT future? Do the planet have enough resources to sustain the making, powering and wasting of all the electronic devices needed to support our social and business platforms in the future? This paper addresses the issue of evaluating the environmental impact of ICT. Starting from the analysis of the sustainability of one of its most celebrated "laws", the Moore's law, we analyse its entire life-cycle, from "silicon-factories", to their use in data centres, to the final destination of ICT products: recycling and reuse (trash ware) in the best case or, uncontrolled waste traffic towards poor countries with health hazards and environmental pollution, in the worst case. We introduce a new dimension in the social and ethical analysis related to ICT: the future. What are the implications of this future ethics in ICT?
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| 69. |
- Lv, Zhihan, Dr. 1984-, et al.
(author)
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Editorial : 5G for Augmented Reality
- 2022
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In: Mobile Networks and Applications. - : Springer. - 1383-469X .- 1572-8153.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 70. |
- Nguyen, Björnborg, 1992, et al.
(author)
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Systematic benchmarking for reproducibility of computer vision algorithms for real-time systems: The example of optic flow estimation
- 2019
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In: IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. - : IEEE. - 2153-0858 .- 2153-0866. ; , s. 5264-5269
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Until now there have been few formalized methods for conducting systematic benchmarking aiming at reproducible results when it comes to computer vision algorithms. This is evident from lists of algorithms submitted to prominent datasets, authors of a novel method in many cases primarily state the performance of their algorithms in relation to a shallow description of the hardware system where it was evaluated. There are significant problems linked to this non-systematic approach of reporting performance, especially when comparing different approaches and when it comes to the reproducibility of claimed results. Furthermore how to conduct retrospective performance analysis such as an algorithm's suitability for embedded real-time systems over time with underlying hardware and software changes in place. This paper proposes and demonstrates a systematic way of addressing such challenges by adopting containerization of software aiming at formalization and reproducibility of benchmarks. Our results show maintainers of broadly accepted datasets in the computer vision community to strive for systematic comparison and reproducibility of submissions to increase the value and adoption of computer vision algorithms in the future.
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