| 302731. |
- Svedberg, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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A twin study of work-home interference and the risk of future sickness absence with mental diagnoses
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health, Volume 26 Issue suppl_1. - : Oxford University Press (OUP).
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundWork-home interference has been proposed as an important explanation for sickness absence (SA). Previous studies show mixed results, and have not accounted for genetics and shared everyday environment (familial factors), or investigated diagnosis specific SA. The aim was to study if work-home interference predicts SA due to stress-related mental diagnoses, or SA due to other mental diagnoses, among women and men, when adjusting for various confounders and familial factors.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 11,916 twins, 19-47 years (49% women).Data on work-to-home and home-to-work conflicts and relevant confounders were derived from a 2005 survey, and national register data on SA spells until 2013 were obtained. Odds Ratios (ORs) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were calculated. Discordant twin pair design was applied to adjust for familial factors.ResultsFor women, each one unit increase in work-to-home and home-to-work conflicts was associated with SA due to stress-related mental diagnoses and to SA due to other mental diagnoses, when adjusting for sociodemographic factors (ORs 1.15-1.31). With further adjustments for work, health-related or familial factors, none of the associations remained. For men, each one unit increase in work-to-home conflicts was associated with SA due to stress-related diagnoses (ORs 1.23-1.35), independently of confounders.ConclusionsWork-to-home conflict was independently associated with future SA due to stress-related diagnoses among men only. Health and familial factors are important confounders to consider when researching work-home interference and SA, especially among women. Not including such confounders involves risking drawing incorrect conclusions.
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| 302732. |
- Svedberg, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Are time pressure and sleep problems due to thoughts about work risk factors for future sick leave?
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 27:S3, s. 252-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Previous research indicates that long working hours, time pressure and overtime work relate to a range of adverse outcomes including poor recovery and health complaints. But, findings are inconclusive and limited, especially regarding the associations to sick leave. The aim was to study if time pressure or sleep problems due to thoughts about work were associated with future sick leave, when adjusting for confounders including familial factors, and stratifying by occupational sector. Methods: The study sample included 23,777 twin individuals (54.5% women), aged 19-47 years who participated in a survey in 2005 including questions on time pressure, sleep, work and health. Register data on sick-leave spells lasting >14 days were obtained from the National Social Insurance Agency. Individuals were followed from date of survey response until 12/31/2013. Associations between time pressure, sleep problems due to thoughts about work and future sick leave were investigated using logistic regression analyses to assess Odds Ratios (OR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). Results: Thirty-five percent of the individuals had an incident sick leave spell during the 8-years of follow-up. Sleep problems due to thoughts about work once a month or more often were associated with sick leave in the fully adjusted model (OR 1.22, CI 1.10-1.36). Stratified by sector, the highest estimate was shown for state employees (OR 1.54, CI 1.11-2.13). Familial factors did not seem to influence the associations. We found no statistically significant associations between time pressure and sick leave. No sex differences were found. Conclusions: Results indicate that sleep problems due to thoughts about work is a risk factor for future sick leave. This follows previous research showing that sleep length and disturbances, regardless of their reasons, are associated with sick leave. But, experiences of work-related time pressure seem not to be associated with sick leave.
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| 302733. |
- Svedberg, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between scores of psychosomatic health symptoms and health-related quality of life in children and adolescents
- 2013
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Ingår i: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1477-7525. ; 11:176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aims of the present study are to investigate whether there are differences in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) between girls and boys in two different age groups, to study how much of children’s variance in HRQoL can be explained by common psychosomatic health symptoms, and to examine whether the same set of psychosomatic symptoms can explain differences in HRQoL, both between girls and boys and between older and younger school children.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted of 253 children, 99 of ages 11-12 years (n=51 girls, n=48 boys) and 154 of ages 15-16 years (n=82 girls, n=72 boys), in Swedish schools. The KIDSCREEN-52 instrument, which covers 10 dimensions of HRQoL and additional questions about psychosomatic health symptoms, were used. Analyses of variance were conducted to investigate differences between the genders and age groups, and in interaction effects on the KIDSCEEN-52 dimensions. Regression analyses were used to investigate the impacts of psychosomatic symptoms on gender and age group differences in HRQoL.Results: Boys rated themselves higher than girls on the KIDSCREEN dimensions: physical and psychological well-being, moods and emotions, self-perception, and autonomy. Main effects of age group were found for physical well-being, psychological well-being, moods and emotions, self-perception, autonomy, and school environment, where younger children rated their HRQoL more highly than those aged 15-16 years. Girls rated their moods and emotions dramatically lower than boys in the older age group, but the ratings of emotional status were more similar between genders at younger ages. Psychosomatic symptoms explained between 27% and 50% of the variance in the children’s HRQoL. Sleeping difficulties were a common problem for both girls and boys. Depression and concentration difficulties were particularly associated with HRQoL among girls whereas stomach aches were associated with HRQoL among boys. Conclusions: Girls and adolescents experience poorer HRQoL than boys and younger children, but having psychosomatic symptoms seem to explain a substantial part of the variation. Strategies to promote health among school children, in particular to alleviate sleep problems among all children, depression and concentration difficulties among girls, and stomach aches among boys, are of great importance.
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| 302734. |
- Svedberg, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Bent Hansen
- 2014
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Ingår i: Svenska Nationalekonomer under 400 år. - Stockholm : Dialogos Förlag. - 9789175042640
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 302735. |
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| 302736. |
- Svedberg, Peter
(författare)
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Estimates of Child Malnutrition in India
- 2010
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Ingår i: Economic and Political Weekly. - India : Sameeksha Trust Publications. - 0012-9976. ; :12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 302737. |
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| 302738. |
- Svedberg, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic and Environmental Influences on Performance-based Self-esteem in a Population-based Cohort of Swedish Twins
- 2014
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Ingår i: Self and Identity. - : Routledge. - 1529-8868 .- 1529-8876. ; 13:2, s. 243-256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Contingent self-esteem has regularly been associated with socialization experiences. In the present study, genetic and environmental influences on a contingent self-esteem construct were investigated among women and men in different age groups. The study sample consisted of 21,703 same and opposite sex Swedish twins, aged 20 to 46 years. Contingent self-esteem was measured on a scale for performance-based self-esteem. Sex and age-group effects were assessed using biometrical model fitting procedures. Individual differences in performance-based self-esteem were best explained by additive genetic and non-shared environmental factors for both female and male twins, with similar heritability estimates. No age-group effects were found. However, partially different genes seem to influence performance-based self-esteem among women and men.
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| 302739. |
- Svedberg, Peter
(författare)
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How Many People Are Malnourished?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Annual review of nutrition (Print). - : Annual Reviews. - 0199-9885 .- 1545-4312. - 9780824328313 ; 31, s. 263-283
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present article reviews the strengths and weaknesses of the three main methods for estimating the prevalence of malnutrition in populations: self-reported hunger, estimates based on food supplies, and anthropometrics. Although far from flawless, anthropometrics is found to be the most reliable method and also the most useful for directing policy. The main form of malnutrition among adults is overweight, not only in developed countries, but also in almost all developing countries. Only in a few developing countries is adult underweight more prevalent. By the conventional anthropometric indicators, about one-quarter of all children below the age of 5 in the developing countries are stunted or underweight, and about 10% are wasted. The total burden of malnutrition among young children, as measured by the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure, is considerably higher, about 60% in India, the country with the largest child population in the world.
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| 302740. |
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