| 11. |
- Petersson, Jesper, 1974, et al.
(författare)
-
Off the record: The invisibility work of doctors in a patient-accessible electronic health record information service.
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Sociology of health & illness. - : Wiley. - 1467-9566 .- 0141-9889. ; 43:5, s. 1270-1285
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we draw on Michael Lipsky's work on street-level bureaucrats and discretion to analyse a real case setting comprising an interview study of 30 Swedish doctors regarding their experiences of changes in clinical work following patients being given access to medical records information online. We introduce the notion of invisibility work to capture how doctors exercise discretion to preserve the invisibility of their work, in contrast to the well-established notion of invisible work, which denotes work made invisible by parties other than those performing it. We discuss three main forms of invisibility work in relation to records: omitting information, cryptic writing and parallel note writing. We argue that invisibility work is a way for doctors to resolve professional tensions arising from the political decision to provide patients with online access to record information. Although invisibility work is understood by doctors as a solution to government-initiated visibility, we highlight how it can create difficulties for doctors concerning accountability towards patients, peers and authorities.
|
|
| 12. |
- Griffin, Gabriele, Prof, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
-
AI and Swedish Heritage Organisations : challenges and opportunities
- 2023
-
Ingår i: AI & Society. - : Springer Nature. - 0951-5666 .- 1435-5655.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines the challenges and opportunities that arise with artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) methods and tools when implemented within cultural heritage institutions (CHIs), focusing on three selected Swedish case studies. The article centres on the perspectives of the CHI professionals who deliver that implementation. Its purpose is to elucidate how CHI professionals respond to the opportunities and challenges AI/ML provides. The three Swedish CHIs discussed here represent different organizational frameworks and have different types of collections, while sharing, to some extent, a similar position in terms of the use of AI/ML tools and methodologies. The overarching question of this article is what is the state of knowledge about AI/ML among Swedish CHI professionals, and what are the related issues? To answer this question, we draw on (1) semi-structured interviews with CHI professionals, (2) individual CHI website information, and (3) CHI-internal digitization protocols and digitalization strategies, to provide a nuanced analysis of both professional and organisational processes concerning the implementation of AI/ML methods and tools. Our study indicates that AI/ML implementation is in many ways at the very early stages of implementation in Swedish CHIs. The CHI professionals are affected in their AI/ML engagement by four key issues that emerged in the interviews: their institutional and professional knowledge regarding AI/ML; the specificities of their collections and associated digitization and digitalization issues; issues around personnel; and issues around AI/ML resources. The article suggests that a national CHI strategy for AI/ML might be helpful as would be knowledge-, expertise-, and potentially personnel- and resource-sharing to move beyond the constraints that the CHIs face in implementing AI/ML.
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Sagberg, Fridulv, et al.
(författare)
-
A Review of Research on Driving Styles and Road Safety
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Human Factors. - : SAGE Publications. - 1547-8181 .- 0018-7208. ; 57:No. 7, November 2015, s. 1248- 1275
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To outline a conceptual framework for understanding driving style and, based on this, review the state-of-the-art research on driving styles in relation to road safety.Background: Previous research has indicated a relationship between the driving styles adopted by drivers and their crash involvement. However, a comprehensive literature review of driving style research is lacking. Method: A systematic literature search was conducted, including empirical, theoretical and methodological research on driving styles related to road safety. Results: A conceptual framework was proposed where driving styles are viewed in terms of driving habits established as a result of individual dispositions as well as social norms and cultural values. Moreover, a general scheme for categorising and operationalizing driving styles was suggested. On this basis, existing literature on driving styles and indicators was reviewed. Links between driving styles and road safety were identified and individual and socio-cultural factors influencing driving style were reviewed. Conclusion: Existing studies have addressed a wide variety of driving styles, and there is an acute need for a unifying conceptual framework in order to synthesise these results and make useful generalisations. There is a considerable potential for increasing road safety by means of behaviour modification. Naturalistic driving observations represent particularly promising approaches to future research on driving styles. Application: Knowledge about driving styles can be applied in programmes for modifying driver behaviour and in the context of usage-based insurance. It may also be used as a means for driver identification and for the development of driver assistance systems.
|
|
| 15. |
- Powell, Stina, et al.
(författare)
-
‘Are we to become a gender university?’ Facets of resistance to a gender equality project
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Gender, Work and Organization. - : Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 0968-6673 .- 1468-0432. ; 25:2, s. 127-143
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gender equality (GE) is something ‘we cannot not want’. Indeed, the pursuit of equal rights, responsibilities and opportunities for all women and men throughout a society freed from gendered oppression is widely visible in recent organizational GE initiatives. In practice, however, GE initiatives often fail in challenging gendered norms and at effecting deep-seated change. In fact, GE measures tend to encounter resistance, with a gap between saying and doing. Using a GE project at a Swedish university, we examined the changing nature of reactions to GE objectives seeking to understand why gender inequality persists in academia. We used ‘resistance’ to identify multiple, complex reactions to the project, focusing on the discursive practices of GE. Focusing our contextual analysis on change and changes in reactions enabled a process-oriented analysis that revealed gaps where change is possible. Thus, we argue that studying change makes it possible to identify points in time where gendered discriminatory norms are more likely to occur. However, analysing discursive practices does not itself lead to change nor to action. Rather, demands for change must start with answering, in a collaborative way, what problem we are trying to solve when we start a new GE project, in order to be relevant to the specific context. Otherwise, GE risks being the captive of consensus politics and gender inequality will persist.
|
|
| 16. |
- Cutas, Daniela, 1978
(författare)
-
On the impact of technology and globalisation on reproductive ethics
- 2010
-
Ingår i: 10th World Congress of Bioethics, July 28-31, 2010.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ethics, mores, and policies in the field of reproduction and parenting have an impact on how, by whom, and for whom reproductive technologies are developed, used, desired or recommended. In return, changes in societies, caused by globalisation and the spread of technologies into the process of formation of families (as well as other elements, depending on the case), have led to what some call the "crisis" of the family. I propose to look into this interaction between technology, globalisation, ethics, mores and policies, and to point to some of the ways in which they have influenced each other, and in particular to some of the ways in which technologies (such as gamete donation, embryo transfer, SCNT, the creation of synthetic gametes etc.) demand the reformulation of arguments in reproductive ethics and policy (such as the potentiality argument, regulations according to which birth mothers receive legal recognition as mothers of the newly born etc.). One of the main questions that arises from these changes is that of the identity of children's "real" parents. I will make an argument from reproductive autonomy to support the notion of "moral" parenting to the detriment of the praising of genetic or birth links. The shift from moral parenting being prima facie associated with genetic lineage, gestation or birth, to the need to reanalyse parenting entitlements is the exclusive merit (or fault) of reproductive technologies. Certainly, parenting entitlements have sometimes been reorganised before that (e.g. in adoption or custody decisions), but without significant effects on the general status quo. And, as the attribution of parenting entitlements and obligations is shifting, so will the ethics and policy of access to, and development of, reproductive technologies (e.g. if we cease to see genetics as the main component, or source of legitimacy, of reproduction and parenting, then this has an effect on the ethics and regulation of the use of donor gametes as well as public funding of, or even access to, the use of technologies for people who cannot reproduce genetically but could become parents in other ways). Reproductive technologies thus also create a wider separation between the right to reproduce and the right to parent, if indeed both can be argued for.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Groglopo, Adrián, 1967
(författare)
-
Varken terrorister eller terrorns experter är ensamvargar
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Feministiskt Perspektiv, 2019-03-26.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Att betrakta Tarrant, Breivik och Lundin Pettersson som ensamvargar är även att bortse från rasismens påverkan på den kognitiva och materiella processen inom västerländska samhällen, skriver Adrián Groglopo och menar att även experterna på terror är en del av den processen.
|
|
| 19. |
- Isacson, Åsa, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
The use of digital layers in post-growth communities - an exploratory study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Proceedings for the 6th International Conference on Smart Villages and Rural Development (COSVARD 2023). - 9780734057150
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The pursuit of infinite growth on a planet with finite resources is leading to a failure in achieving global sustainable transition goals. The concept of Degrowth or 'post-growth' has emerged as a counter-movement advocating for alternative approaches focused on living within resource constraints. Within this context, small-scale communities with post-growth orientations are particularly interesting, as they actively explore their own alternative development models. These communities have potential to act as decentralised laboratories for radical change, translating Degrowth/post-growth theory into actionable practices. This paper examines how the operational tools have changed for post-growth communities since 2004 (Web 2.0). Through in-depth interviews with tech-savvy representatives in this field, the study explores the potential of "new" technologies to empower post-growth communities.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
