| 1131. |
- Danilovic, Mike, et al.
(författare)
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Platform thinking in the automotive industry : managing dualism between standardization of components for large scale production and variation for market and customer
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 18th Annual POM Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Automotive industry faces two major problems. One is to develop standard platforms to reach high volumes and low cost. The other is to use platforms for enabling variation of models that suit customer needs, local market demands, and restrictions. Platform thinking embraces several industrial levels, systems integrators, global and local suppliers, and markets. How can the dualism between standardization of components and model variation be managed and which trade-offs need to be made?In this paper we have identified and analyzed different approaches to platform concept from technical as well as organizational, production, and product development perspectives. Platform technology improves flexibility in production and product development. However, when radical changes are made, new design of platform is not easily made, i.e. propagation of requirements and changes in models vs. platforms. When this happens, several production systems have to be entirely rebuilt causing major capital investments, redesign at suppliers etc. Hence, platform technology reduces product development flexibility.
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| 1132. |
- Winroth, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Manufacturing Networks : Critical Factors to Successful Collaboration
- 2004
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Ingår i: CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Systems. - Aachen : WISU Verlag Aachen. - 1581-5048. ; 33:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The competitive situation for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises, SME’s, has become intensified during the last few years. Large customers, such as within the automotive industry, have increased the outsourcing of their manufacturing capacity and reduced the number of suppliers. At the same time the large systems integrators place demands on their suppliers to actively participate in the product development and to take full responsibility for manufacturing as well as to deliver complete systems or subsystems. Due to the limited capacity of the suppliers, in terms of the scarcity of resources and limited knowledge base, suppliers need to collaborate in networks. The purpose of this study is to identify critical factors to successful network collaborative settings. In this paper we also introduce a four dimensional tentative framework, in terms of surface of integration, the scope of integration, the time horizon of integration, and the intensity of integration. This framework can be used to analyze how well collaborative networks are developed from three aspects of corporate integration, in terms of structural design of the network, the design of the work flow in collaborative settings, and aspect of handling the psychological and social boundaries among people, that management has to handle in order to increase the degrees of network collaboration. This tentative framework is suggested as an analytical tool that can be used in order to understand how different collaborative networks are developed in terms of the network constellation, output of the collaborative process, as well as duration and robustness of the network.
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| 1133. |
- Bruinsma, Sebastianus Cornelis Jacobus, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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A Move Forward: Exploring National Identity Through Non-linear Principal Component Analysis in Germany
- 2023
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Ingår i: Quality and Quantity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7845 .- 0033-5177. ; 57:1, s. 885-903
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In research on national identity, scholars have developed a wide variety of approaches to measure and better understand this ubiquitous yet complex concept. To date, most of these approaches have been theory-driven, while only a very few have been data-driven. In this article, we aim to contribute to the latter by introducing a new data-driven method that has not been applied yet—that of non-linear principal component analysis (NLPCA). In contrast to other commonly used methods such as factor analysis, NLPCA distinguishes itself by making relatively few assumptions about the data and by allowing for greater flexibility when discovering underlying dimensions of such a complex concept as national identity. Drawing on the 2013 ISSP National Identity module, our analysis focuses on the case of Germany, also taking into account Western and Eastern Germany. Running an NLPCA, we find four dimensions that cover the multidimensionality of national identity: nationalistic attitudes, national pride and attachment, cosmopolitan beliefs, and membership criteria defining national belonging. This article contributes to the empirical debate on measuring national identity by suggesting a new and flexible methodological approach that better grasps the concept’s complexity and which we believe can move empirical research on national identity forward in and beyond Germany.
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| 1134. |
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| 1135. |
- Azar, Christian, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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The elusive quest for technology-neutral policies
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions. - : Elsevier BV. - 2210-4224. ; 1:1, s. 135-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is often argued that policies to address climate change should be technology neutral. In this paper we address when and to what extent technology neutrality is warranted, and find that it is often an elusive objective that neither can nor should be prioritized as the main guiding principle.
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| 1136. |
- Löfsten, Hans, 1963
(författare)
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Industrialization of hybrid electric vehicle technology: identifying critical resource dimensions
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Technology Transfer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0892-9912 .- 1573-7047. ; 41:2, s. 349-367
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to identify critical resource dimensions for the industrialization of hybrid electric vehicle technology. This study focuses on small- and medium-sized technology-based firms in Sweden that employ between 1 and 500 employees and that could be potential suppliers of hybrid electric vehicle technology. The empirical data were collected using a survey (questionnaire) and it covers 40 technology-based firms in eight industrial branches in Sweden. We have included 18 variables in order to identify critical resources regarding Business and R&D networks in three dimensions: ideas and advice, production, and R&D. Two regression models developed for battery systems and battery cells have significant findings. Networks with universities and consultants are especially important. One operative way is building strategic alliances with other firms. The main contributions of this study are empirical support that network resources are necessary and important in battery systems and battery cells and, more broadly, networks are necessary systems for technology shifts in the hybrid electric vehicle industry.
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| 1137. |
- Neumann, Patrick, et al.
(författare)
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Simulating operator learning during production ramp-up in parallel vs. serial flow production
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Production Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0020-7543 .- 1366-588X. ; 55:3, s. 845-857
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this research is to demonstrate how human learning models can be integrated into discrete event simulation to examine ramp-up time differences between serial and parallel flow production strategies. The experimental model examined three levels of learning rate and minimum cycle times. Results show that while the parallel flow system had longer ramp-up times than serial flow systems, they also had higher maximum throughput capacity. As a result, the parallel flow system frequently outperformed lines within the first weeks of operation. There is a critical lack of empiricalevidence or methods that would allow designers to accurately determine what the critical learning parameters might be in their specific operations, and further research is needed to create predictive tools in this important area.
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| 1138. |
- Andersson, David, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Nu krävs kraftfulla åtgärder mot nötkött och flygresor
- 2015
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - 1101-2447. ; 2015-02-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Svenskarnas globala utsläpp från köttkonsumtion och flygresor motsvarar hälften av de totala utsläppen på hemmaplan. I vår rapport till Naturvårdsverket föreslår vi tydliga styrmedel – som nya skatter – för att begränsa konsumtionen på dessa områden, skriver 14 miljö- och energiforskare.
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| 1139. |
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| 1140. |
- Björkdahl, Joakim, 1975
(författare)
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The phenomenon, causes and effects of integrating icts in manufacturing products
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Innovation Management. - 1363-9196. ; 15:2, s. 335-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rapid and persistent improvement in the performance and cost of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) with respect to their capabilities for capturing, processing, displaying, communicating and storing information provide abundant opportunities. This paper aims to explain the causes and effects of the phenomenon in which manufacturing firms integrate ICTs in their established manufacturing products. The study of this phenomenon is based on structured interviews with executives of 37 large Swedish manufacturing firms. The results show that the phenomenon is wide-spread among manufacturing firms, that the number of products that integrate ICTs is growing relative to firms' total product portfolios, and that the revenues from these products are increasing. Competition is a significant reason why firms integrate ICTs into their goods, but firms also want to reap the rewards of the value provided. Important here is that firms often find it necessary to transform aspects of the way they do business (business model) in order to create a better fit between activities that create value for their customers and activities that produce profits for themselves. They also try to find innovative ways to be rewarded for the value they deliver, mainly based on the provision of services
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