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Träfflista för sökning "AMNE:(SOCIAL SCIENCES Business and economics) srt2:(2010-2011);mspu:(article);lar1:(liu);conttype:(refereed)"

Sökning: AMNE:(SOCIAL SCIENCES Business and economics) > (2010-2011) > Tidskriftsartikel > Linköpings universitet > Refereegranskat

  • Resultat 11-20 av 77
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11.
  • Eliasson, Jonas, et al. (författare)
  • The unexpected “yes!” : Explanatory factors behind the positive attitudes to congestion charges in Stockholm
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 18:4, s. 636-647
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Several authors have argued that acceptability for road pricing is likely to increase with familiarity. The experiences in Stockholm, where a trial period with congestion charges changed the public opinion from negative to positive, support this hypothesis. Analysing acceptability and attitudes in Stockholm allows us to study a situation where the population is in fact familiar with congestion charges, and explore what the decisive factors for acceptability are in such a situation. By analysing a survey collected after the referendum and the subsequent reintroduction of the charges, we analyse the prerequisites to achieve acceptability given that the public is familiar with congestion charges.As expected, low car dependence and good transit supply are associated with high acceptability. But the two most important factors turn out to be beliefs about the charges' effectiveness, and general environmental attitudes. The importance of beliefs and perceptions of the effects of the charges underscores the importance of both careful system design and careful evaluation and results communication. The strong connection between environmental concerns and positive attitudes to congestion charges underscores the importance of considering and "marketing" the charges' environmental effects. In Stockholm, the politicians' decision to "re-label" the congestion charges to "environmental charges" and emphasising their positive effects on air quality may very well have had a positive impact on acceptability.
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12.
  • Ahmed, Ali, 1977-, et al. (författare)
  • Sexual orientation and occupational rank
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Economics Bulletin. - 1545-2921. ; 31:3, s. 2422-2433
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper presents a study of differences in occupational rank between gay and heterosexual males as well as between lesbian and heterosexual females. We estimate different specifications of an ordered probit model on register data from Sweden. Our data consist of married heterosexual men and women and homosexual men and women living in civil unions. We find that homosexual men have a lower probability of working in a profession demanding a longer university education or a management profession than heterosexual men. In contrast, we find that homosexual women are more likely than heterosexual women to work in such professions.
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13.
  • Broberg, Pernilla, 1981-, et al. (författare)
  • Why reduce profit? : accounting choice of impairments in Swedish listed corporations
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Accounting and Finance. - 1752-8224. ; 3:1, s. 49-71
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Positive accounting theory and institutional theory are used in conjunction in order to explain accounting choice. The theory is applied on IAS 36 (impairment of assets), and tested on a sample of listed Swedish corporations. We find that the choice is mainly induced by agency and general business factors and to a slighter degree by institutional factors. Especially, we find that institutional influence will be stronger when it is in the interest of important stakeholders; that impairments can be used as a mean of signalling trust to absent owners and that the institutional element of tradition cannot be tested separately from the agency element of opportunism.
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14.
  • Dadfar, Hossein, et al. (författare)
  • Board Effectiveness in Pharmaceutical Industry : The Case of TAPIC Pharmaceutical Group
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing. - : David Publication. - 1548-6583. ; 7:5, s. 463-473
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study suggests an emperically tested modelto fit the pharmaceutical industry and the context of LDCs, especially Iran. The paper stands upon a rich database consisting of Tamin Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Investment Company (TAPIC) and its 11 subsidiary companies which are treated as 11 mini-cases. Data were collected by document analysis, questionnaire and interviews. The results suggest some improvements to the earlier models and show that the pattern of board effectiveness in Iranian pharmaceutical industry can be influenced by: (1) Internal factors including: (a) board members, the personality and background, (b) board composition, which is influenced by selection criteria, Tribalism, interpersonal relationship and belonging to the same ideological group, (c) board interactions, and (d) power distribution in the board, which is influenced by parenting power in holding companies. All internal factors are directly or indirectly affected by political issues as well as socio-cultural forces. (2) External factors including: (a) industrial complexity and the nature of industry, (b) industrial ethos, (c) legislation, and political forces, (d) economy, which the last two factors are influenced by international environment as well.
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15.
  • Ahmed, Ali, et al. (författare)
  • Can discrimination in the housing market be reduced by increasing the information about the applicants?
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Land Economics. - : University of Wisconsin Press. - 0023-7639 .- 1543-8325. ; 86:1, s. 79-90
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We investigate how increasing the information about applicantsaffects discrimination in the rental housing market. We letfour fictitious applicants, two with typical Arab/Muslim namesand two with typical Swedish names, use application letterscontaining different amounts of information to apply for apartmentsover the Internet in Sweden. The Arab/Muslim applicants receivedfewer responses from the landlords than did the Swedish applicants.All of the applicants gained by providing more information aboutthemselves, but the amount of discrimination against the Arab/Muslimapplicants remained unchanged, indicating that increasing theamount of information about the applicants will not reduce discrimination
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16.
  • Ahmed, Ali (författare)
  • Conditional reciprocity in the investment game
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: The Social Science Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0362-3319 .- 1873-5355. ; 48:2, s. 404-408
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper investigates whether people are conditional reciprocators in an investment game experiment, in the sense that the more they are trusted, the more they reciprocate. The results show that the majority of participants are conditional reciprocators but that they can be classified into three types: (1) exploitative reciprocators who do not reciprocate and exploit trust; (2) egoistic reciprocators who neither exploit nor reward trust; and (3) generous reciprocators who reward trusting behavior.
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17.
  • Ahmed, Ali, 1977-, et al. (författare)
  • Inter- and intra-household earnings differentials among homosexual and heterosexual couples
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: British Journal of Industrial Relations. - : Blackwell Publishing Ltd/London School of Economics. - 0007-1080 .- 1467-8543. ; 49:s2, s. s258-s278
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We present earnings differentials between homosexuals and heterosexuals. In line with previous research, we find that gay males earn less than heterosexual males, and that lesbians earn more than heterosexual females. However, when combining the individuals into households, our results are strikingly different: very small earnings differentials between gay households and heterosexual households are found. Lesbian households earn considerably less. The largest earnings inequalities between spouses are found among gay males followed by heterosexuals. Studying sexual orientation and earnings is complex, and household earnings have to be taken into consideration when conclusions are drawn.
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18.
  • Ahmed, Ali (författare)
  • Muslim discrimination: : Evidence from two lost letter experiments
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Journal of Applied Social Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0021-9029 .- 1559-1816. ; 40:4, s. 888-898
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Since the 9/11 terrorist attacks, there has been considerable concern about whether Muslims living in Western countries are targets of prejudice. A considerable amount of survey-based evidence suggests that Muslims are victims of discrimination. This paper tested this hypothesis. Two lost-letter experiments were conducted to test whether the difference in returned letters would be attributable to whether the addressee was Muslim or Swedish. The results show that Muslims receive far fewer letters than do Swedes. However, this discrimination only appears when the lost letters contain money; in which case, the finder gains by not posting the letter.
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19.
  • Ahmed, Ali, et al. (författare)
  • Sexual orientation and earnings: A register data-based approach to identify homosexuals
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Journal of Population Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-1433 .- 1432-1475. ; 23:3, s. 835-849
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper examines earnings differentials between homo- and heterosexual individuals by identifying sexual orientation with the help of information from register data. Register data enable us to avoid the misclassifications of sexual orientation often mentioned as a potential bias in survey-based studies. The results show that gay men are at an earnings disadvantage as compared to male heterosexuals while the earnings differential between lesbians and heterosexual women is very small. Our results are in line with results from previous research but are more reliable since we use a more reliable measure of sexual orientation than previous research.
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20.
  • Ahmed, Ali, et al. (författare)
  • The effect of subtle religious representations on cooperation
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Social Economics. - : Emerald. - 0306-8293 .- 1758-6712. ; 38:11, s. 900-910
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The purpose of this paper is to investigate how subtle religious representations affect prosocial behavior. The authors study the impact of religious representations on prosocial behavior in terms of cooperation in a one‐shot/three‐person public goods game.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used the scrambled sentence task to prime participants with religious words before they were asked to make a one‐shot/three‐person public goods game decision.FindingsBoth in the raw data and when controlling for factors such as age, gender and religious beliefs, the authors found that priming of religious representations increased cooperation in the experiment, that is, increased contributions to the public good. The authors found no significant interaction effects between priming and self‐reported measures of religiosity, suggesting that the priming effect was present among both self‐reported religious and nonreligious participants. Self‐reported measures of religiosity were not correlated with cooperation in this study.Originality/valueThe paper adds to the growing body of experimental economics literature that has studied self‐reported measures of religiosity alongside behavior in different economic games. This study contributes to the literature by examining the effect of subtle influences of religion on cooperation. Also, in contrast to previous economic literature, the paper examines the direct impact of religion as an independent variable on cooperation.
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