| 41. |
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Synesthetic Experience in S T R A T I C
- 2018
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- How do we humanize digital interactive technology? One way is through our experience with technology. With S T R A T I C we present several post-digital concepts to discuss the relationship of the digital in regard to our human lives. We emphasize the synesthetic experience along with other aesthetic experiences and materiality issues with manifestations of the digital in the physical world, tangible approaches to sonic performances, or exposure of internal logics of technological processes.In this paper, we propose both exhibiting our work as an art installation and via a live performance. We regard it as being highly relevant to the topic of the TEI Arts Track exhibition: post-digital materiality at the intersection of the analog and the digital, and to its tangible aspects.
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| 42. |
- Tesfaye, Besrat, et al.
(författare)
-
Cross-Sector Collaboration - Mission Impossible? : Lessons From A Case Of Social Responsibility In The Integration Process
- 2018
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Ingår i: The 7th International Conference on Social Responsibility, Ethics, and Sustainable Business. - Bucharest : ASE Publishing. ; , s. 19-20
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cross-sector collaboration has become a prominent feature of corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives in business organizations. In the past few years in Sweden, for example, a wide range of policies, programs, and projects have been initiated to facilitate the labor market integration of new migrants. A common feature of these projects is cross-sector collaboration between the private sector, the public sector, and civil society (nonprofit organizations). However, the phenomena is not yet well understood. Why are cross-sector CSR initiatives increasing? How are they organized? What are the sources of values? What factors influence cross-sector collaborations? How are cross-sector collaborations evaluated? Our main concern in this paper is how tri-sector CSR collaborations are initiated, implemented, and create values for various stakeholders. Furthermore, we explore the factors that influence the effectiveness of tri-sector collaborative efforts. The objective is to contribute to our understanding of the 20 conditions for cross-sector collaboration in addressing social issues. Understanding tri-sector collaboration is important because these have the potential to generate transformative values for individuals and society
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| 43. |
- Gustavsson, Leif, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Climate change effects of forestry and substitution of carbon-intensive materials and fossil fuels
- 2017
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Ingår i: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. - : Elsevier. - 1364-0321 .- 1879-0690. ; 67:January, s. 612-624
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We estimate the climate effects of directing forest management in Sweden towards increased carbon storage in forests with more land set-aside for protection, or towards increased forest production for the substitution of carbon-intensive materials and fossil fuels, relative to a reference case of current forest management. We develop various scenarios of forest management and biomass use to estimate the carbon balances of the forest systems, including ecological and technological components, and their impacts on the climate in terms of radiative forcing. The scenario with increased set-aside area and the current level of forest residue harvest resulted in lower cumulative carbon emissions compared to the reference case for the first 90 years, but then showed higher emissions as reduced forest harvest led to higher carbon emissions from energy and material systems. For the reference case of current forest management, increased harvest of forest residues gave increased climate benefits. The most climatically beneficial alternative, expressed as reduced cumulative radiative forcing, in both the short and long terms is a strategy aimed at high forest production, high residue recovery rate, and high efficiency utilization of harvested biomass. Active forest management with high harvest levels and efficient forest product utilization will provide more climate benefit, compared to reducing harvest and storing more carbon in the forest.
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| 44. |
- Kremel, Anna
(författare)
-
Heterogeneity in the level and handling of the Liability of Newness : Female and immigrant entrepreneurs’ need for and use of business advisory service
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the start-up entrepreneurs face the Liability of Newness when problems and challenges often threaten business survival. Business advisory service, provided by public and private supplier contacts, can offer important knowledge and information, accompanied by various forms of assistance, and thereby decrease the entrepreneurs’ risk of failure and reduce their Liability of Newness. However, it is difficult to match the entrepreneurs’ need for such advice with the available advice. The support must meet the need. Most nations in the European Union have programs and projects that provide such support for entrepreneurs and SMEs. Special programs often support female entrepreneurs and/or immigrant entrepreneurs.This thesis examines the level and handling of the Liability of Newness with special focus on female entrepreneurs and immigrant entrepreneurs in Sweden. The four papers of this thesis take the perspective of these entrepreneurs. The research is based on a sample of 2 832 entrepreneurs who were interviewed (in a telephone survey) on their impressions and recollections on their need for and use of business advisory service in the start-up processes of their companies. Fulfilment of need is achieved when the need for business advisory service is matched with the right use of business advisory service.Heterogeneities as far as the level and handling of the Liability of Newness exist related to female entrepreneurs (vs. male entrepreneurs) and immigrant entrepreneurs (vs. non-immigrant entrepreneurs). Female entrepreneurs have a higher need for business advisory service than male entrepreneurs and also use more business advisory service than male entrepreneurs. As a result, female entrepreneurs can decrease the hazard rate for their companies and also reduce the Liability of Newness as their companies move toward the standard risk in their industry. Immigrant entrepreneurs also have a higher need for business advisory service than non-immigrant entrepreneurs. However, because immigrant entrepreneurs use business advisory service to the same extent that non-immigrant entrepreneurs do, immigrant entrepreneurs are unable to decrease the hazard rate for their companies or to reduce the Liability of Newness.The thesis makes both theoretical, methodological and practical contributions.The thesis may be of interest to government policy makers with its attention to the need and use of business advisory service by female entrepreneurs and immigrant entrepreneurs.
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| 45. |
- Lundström, Anders, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Design to Support Energy Management for Electric Car Drivers
- 2017
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Ingår i: Automotive User Interfaces. - Switzerland : Springer. - 9783319494470 ; , s. 121-141
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electric cars (EVs) are a promising alternative to combustion engine cars to lower emissions and fossil fuel dependencies. On the downside, in comparison to internal combustion engine cars (ICE), the user experience (UX) of EVs is seriously compromised due to shorter and more varied driving range depending on driving style other context of use. A further complication is that recovering from unexpectedly low battery levels is tedious due to long charging times. This causes range stress among drivers and research has highlighted a need to improve the information and tools available in order for drivers to better understand range-influencing factors and estimations, leading to increased reliability, and trust in the information. This currently leads to poor UX that may shadow all the benefits and other important environmental and experiential qualities of electric cars. In this chapter, we will provide an introduction to the subject and go through some of our studies and key lessons that have emerged from our research. In particular, we have come to the realisation that we need to energy-empower electric car drivers in order for them to be able to conceptualise how energy is intertwined with their actions and behaviour while driving. This is important, as current tools fail to provide such empowerment, causing unnecessary surprises and worries among the drivers who call the standard tool available in the electric car for the ‘guess-o-meter’. Through our designs and discussion we demonstrate how some aspects might be addressed to energy empower electric car drivers.
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| 46. |
- Lundström, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Forest inventory-based projection systems for wood and biomass availability. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319561998 ; :29, s. 289-301
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 47. |
- Mair, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating citizen science data for forecasting species responses to national forest management
- 2017
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Ingår i: Ecology and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 2045-7758. ; 7, s. 368-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The extensive spatial and temporal coverage of many citizen science datasets (CSD) makes them appealing for use in species distribution modeling and forecasting. However, a frequent limitation is the inability to validate results. Here, we aim to assess the reliability of CSD for forecasting species occurrence in response to national forest management projections (representing 160,366km2) by comparison against forecasts from a model based on systematically collected colonization-extinction data. We fitted species distribution models using citizen science observations of an old-forest indicator fungus Phellinus ferrugineofuscus. We applied five modeling approaches (generalized linear model, Poisson process model, Bayesian occupancy model, and two MaxEnt models). Models were used to forecast changes in occurrence in response to national forest management for 2020-2110. Forecasts of species occurrence from models based on CSD were congruent with forecasts made using the colonization-extinction model based on systematically collected data, although different modeling methods indicated different levels of change. All models projected increased occurrence in set-aside forest from 2020 to 2110: the projected increase varied between 125% and 195% among models based on CSD, in comparison with an increase of 129% according to the colonization-extinction model. All but one model based on CSD projected a decline in production forest, which varied between 11% and 49%, compared to a decline of 41% using the colonization-extinction model. All models thus highlighted the importance of protected old forest for P.ferrugineofuscus persistence. We conclude that models based on CSD can reproduce forecasts from models based on systematically collected colonization-extinction data and so lead to the same forest management conclusions. Our results show that the use of a suite of models allows CSD to be reliably applied to land management and conservation decision making, demonstrating that widely available CSD can be a valuable forecasting resource.
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| 48. |
- Lundström, Anders, 1981-
(författare)
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Designing Energy-Sensitive Interactions : Conceptualising Energy from the Perspective of Electric Cars
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As technology is increasingly used in mobile settings, energy and battery management is becoming a part of everyday life. Many have experienced how quickly a battery can be depleted in a smartphone, laptop or electric cars, sometimes causing much distress. An important question is how we can understand and work with energy as a factor in interaction design to enable better experiences for end-users.Through design-oriented research, I have worked with the specific case of electric cars, which is currently a domain where people struggle in terms of energy management. The main issue in this use case is that current driving range estimates cause distrust and anxiety among drivers. Through sketches, prototypes and studies, I investigated causes as well as possible remedies to this situation. My conclusion is that instead of providing black-boxed predictions, in-car interfaces should expose the logics of estimates so that drivers know how their own actions in e.g. driving style, climate control, and other equipment, affects energy use. Revealing such energy mechanisms will not only empower the driver, it will also acknowledge the impact of variables that cannot be predicted automatically.In this work, understanding the dynamic aspects of energy has emerged as central to interaction with systems. This points to a need to design energy sensitive interactions - focusing on supporting users to find the right balance between energy use and the experiential values sought for. To ease design of energy sensitive interactions, energy use is divided into three different categories with accompanying ideals. These are exergy (always needed to achieve the required interaction), intergy (controllable and changing over time and use, needs to be addressed in design), and anergy (always waste that needs to be reduced). This articulation highlights aspects of energy that are specific to interaction design, and possible aspects to expose to allow more energy-efficient interactions in use.
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| 49. |
- Lundström, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Overview of methods and tools for evaluating future woody biomass availability in European countries
- 2016
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Ingår i: Annals of Forest Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1286-4560 .- 1297-966X. ; 73, s. 823-837
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This analysis of the tools and methods currently in use for reporting woody biomass availability in 21 European countries has shown that most countries use, or are developing, National Forest Inventory-oriented models whereas the others use standwise forest inventory--oriented methods.Knowledge of realistic and sustainable wood availability in Europe is highly relevant to define climate change mitigation strategies at national and European level, to support the development of realistic targets for increased use of renewable energy sources and of industry wood. Future scenarios at European level highlight a deficit of domestic wood supply compared to wood consumption, and some European countries state they are harvesting above the increment.Several country-level studies on wood availability have been performed for international reporting. However, it remains essential to improve the knowledge on the projection methods used across Europe to better evaluate forecasts.Analysis was based on descriptions supplied by the national correspondentsinvolved in USEWOOD COST Action (FP1001), and further enriched with additionaldata from international reports that allowedcharacterisation of the forests in these countries for the same base year.Methods currently used for projecting wood availability were described for 21 European countries. Projection systems based on National Forest Inventory (NFI) data prevail over methods based on forest management plans. Only a few countries lack nationwide projection tools, still using tools developed for specific areas.A wide range of NFI-based systems for projecting wood availability exists, being under permanent improvement. The validation of projection forecasts and the inclusion of climate sensitive growth models into these tools are common aims for most countries. Cooperation among countries would result in higher efficiency when developing and improving projection tools and better comparability among them.
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| 50. |
- Nordström, Eva-Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Impacts of global climate change mitigation scenarios on forests and harvesting in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Forest Research. - : Canadian Science Publishing. - 0045-5067 .- 1208-6037. ; 46:12, s. 1427-1438
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Under climate change, the importance of biomass resources is likely to increase and new approaches are needed to analyze future material and energy use of biomass globally and locally. Using Sweden as an example, we present an approach that combines global and national land-use and forest models to analyze impacts of climate change mitigation ambitions on forest management and harvesting in a specific country. National forest impact analyses in Sweden have traditionally focused on supply potential with little reference to international market developments. In this study, we use the global greenhouse gas concentration scenarios from the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change to estimate global biomass demand and assess potential implications on harvesting and biodiversity in Sweden. The results show that the short-term demand for wood is close to the full harvesting potential in Sweden in all scenarios. Under high bioenergy demand, harvest levels are projected to stay high over a longer time and particularly impact the harvest levels of pulpwood. The area of old forest in the managed landscape may decrease. This study highlights the importance of global scenarios when discussing national-level analysis and pinpoints trade-offs that policy making in Sweden may need to tackle in the near future.
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