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Sökning: FÖRF:(Inger Andersson)

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31.
  • Valegård, Karin, et al. (författare)
  • Structural and mechanistic studies of the orf12 gene product from the clavulanic acid biosynthesis pathway
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Acta Crystallographica Section D. - 0907-4449 .- 1399-0047. ; 69, s. 1567-1579
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Structural and biochemical studies of the orf12 gene product (ORF12) from the clavulanic acid (CA) biosynthesis gene cluster are described. Sequence and crystallographic analyses reveal two domains: a C-terminal penicillin-binding protein (PBP)/beta-lactamase-type fold with highest structural similarity to the class A beta-lactamases fused to an N-terminal domain with a fold similar to steroid isomerases and polyketide cyclases. The C-terminal domain of ORF12 did not show beta-lactamase or PBP activity for the substrates tested, but did show low-level esterase activity towards 3'-O-acetyl cephalosporins and a thioester substrate. Mutagenesis studies imply that Ser173, which is present in a conserved SXXK motif, acts as a nucleophile in catalysis, consistent with studies of related esterases, beta-lactamases and d-Ala carboxypeptidases. Structures of wild-type ORF12 and of catalytic residue variants were obtained in complex with and in the absence of clavulanic acid. The role of ORF12 in clavulanic acid biosynthesis is unknown, but it may be involved in the epimerization of (3S,5S)-clavaminic acid to (3R,5R)-clavulanic acid.
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32.
  • Hofsten, Anna, et al. (författare)
  • Case seminars open new doors to understanding : nursing students’ experiences of learning
  • 2012
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BackgroundThe Case Method is a teaching method in which cases from real life inspire students to actively seek knowledge that they discuss in seminars. During seminars, different solutions and ideas are written in a structured way on the white board. Hofsten (2010) described how case seminars in cardiology help nursing students share knowledge and identify possible ways of dealing with patients.Summary of workTo deepen the understanding of learning in case seminars, we asked students in a very different educational context, psychiatric care, about their experiences. Written narratives from 44 nursing students were analyzed using a content analysis.Summary of resultsThe students described the importance of different perspectives and of seeing a context and of learning in a climate that promotes discussions; they felt that the overview on the white board encouraged students to participate. Different categories and the preliminary themes To reflect on thoughts, To give and take, and To see what is said are shown in Figure 1. When we presented these results to the students, most reported recognizing our description of learning situation to a great or very great degree; see Figure 2.ConclusionsThe Case Method seems to involve students in a way that deepens their understanding and this effect seems to be independent of subject or teacher
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34.
  • Andersson, Inger, 1964, et al. (författare)
  • Patients' perception of health-related quality of life during the first year after autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: European journal of cancer care. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1365-2354 .- 0961-5423. ; 20:3, s. 368-379
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Little attention has been paid to examine health-related quality of life (HRQoL) the first year post-transplant, despite that this period is crucial for returning to normal life and functioning and to prevent delayed psychosocial adjustment. The purpose of the present study was to describe HRQoL after autologous versus allogeneic stem cell transplantations during the first year post-transplant. The allogeneic group was further divided into two groups: allogeneic stem cell transplantation after reduced intensive conditioning and allogeneic stem cell transplantation after myeloablative conditioning. All together 202 patients were enrolled in the study. HRQoL was assessed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the treatment-specific module High-Dose Chemotherapy (HDC-19). The questionnaires were filled out at six occasions (from inclusion to 12 months after transplantation). The reduced intensive conditioning group seemed to recover in the same way as the autologous group and these two groups were closer in their scoring compared with the myeloablative conditioning group. One month after the transplantation there were no significant differences in change scores between the autologous and reduced intensive conditioning group, and 1 year after the transplantation levels of symptoms and functioning were back to baseline or better. The myeloablative conditioning group, who perceived more symptoms and lower levels of functioning during the whole period, was still impaired in 10 out of 29 scales 1 year after the transplantation and no significant improvements compared with baseline were observed for this group.
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35.
  • Chapman, Henry N, et al. (författare)
  • Femtosecond X-ray protein nanocrystallography.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 470:7332, s. 73-7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • X-ray crystallography provides the vast majority of macromolecular structures, but the success of the method relies on growing crystals of sufficient size. In conventional measurements, the necessary increase in X-ray dose to record data from crystals that are too small leads to extensive damage before a diffraction signal can be recorded. It is particularly challenging to obtain large, well-diffracting crystals of membrane proteins, for which fewer than 300 unique structures have been determined despite their importance in all living cells. Here we present a method for structure determination where single-crystal X-ray diffraction 'snapshots' are collected from a fully hydrated stream of nanocrystals using femtosecond pulses from a hard-X-ray free-electron laser, the Linac Coherent Light Source. We prove this concept with nanocrystals of photosystem I, one of the largest membrane protein complexes. More than 3,000,000 diffraction patterns were collected in this study, and a three-dimensional data set was assembled from individual photosystem I nanocrystals (∼200 nm to 2 μm in size). We mitigate the problem of radiation damage in crystallography by using pulses briefer than the timescale of most damage processes. This offers a new approach to structure determination of macromolecules that do not yield crystals of sufficient size for studies using conventional radiation sources or are particularly sensitive to radiation damage.
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36.
  • Kapralov, Maxim V, et al. (författare)
  • Changes in Rubisco kinetics during the evolution of C4 photosynthesis in Flaveria (Asteraceae) are associated with positive selection on genes encoding the enzyme.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Molecular biology and evolution. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0737-4038 .- 1537-1719. ; 28:4, s. 1491-1503
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Rubisco, the primary photosynthetic carboxylase, evolved 3-4 billion years ago in an anaerobic, high CO(2) atmosphere. The combined effect of low CO(2) and high O(2) levels in the modern atmosphere, and the inability of Rubisco to distinguish completely between CO(2) and O(2), leads to the occurrence of an oxygenation reaction that reduces the efficiency of photosynthesis. Among land plants, C(4) photosynthesis largely solves this problem by facilitating a high CO(2)/O(2) ratio at the site of Rubisco that resembles the atmosphere in which the ancestral enzyme evolved. The prediction that such conditions favor Rubiscos with higher kcat(CO2) and lower CO(2)/O(2) specificity (S(C/O)) is well supported, but the structural basis for the differences between C(3) and C(4) Rubiscos is not clear. Flaveria (Asteraceae) includes C(3), C(3)-C(4) intermediate, and C(4) species with kinetically distinct Rubiscos, providing a powerful system in which to study the biochemical transition of Rubisco during the evolution from C(3) to C(4) photosynthesis. We analyzed the molecular evolution of chloroplast rbcL and nuclear rbcS genes encoding the large subunit (LSu) and small subunit (SSu) of Rubisco from 15 Flaveria species. We demonstrate positive selection on both subunits, although selection is much stronger on the LSu. In Flaveria, two positively selected LSu amino acid substitutions, M309I and D149A, distinguish C(4) Rubiscos from the ancestral C(3) species and statistically account for much of the kinetic difference between the two groups. However, although Flaveria lacks a characteristic "C(4)" SSu, our data suggest that specific residue substitutions in the SSu are correlated with the kinetic properties of Rubisco in this genus.
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37.
  • Lindgren, Margareta, et al. (författare)
  • The Karen instruments for measuring quality of nursing care: construct validity and internal consistency.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: International Journal for Quality in Health Care. - : Oxford University Press. - 1353-4505 .- 1464-3677. ; 23:3, s. 292-301
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background Valid and reliable instruments for measuring the quality of care are needed for evaluation and improvement of nursing care. Previously developed and evaluated instruments, the Karen-patient and the Karen-personnel based on Donabedian's Structure–Process–Outcome triad (S–P–O triad) had promising content validity, discriminative power and internal consistency. Objective The objective of this study was to further develop the instruments with regard to construct validity and internal consistency. Design and Settings This prospective study was carried out in medical and surgical wards at a hospital in Sweden. A total of 95 patients and 120 personnel were included. Methods The instruments were tested for construct validity by performing factor analyses in two steps and for internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results The first confirmatory factor analyses, with a pre-determined three-factor solution did not load well according to the S–P–O triad, but the second exploratory factor analysis with a six-factor solution appeared to be more coherent and the distribution of variables seemed to be logical. The reliability, i.e. internal consistency, was good in both factor analyses. Conclusions The Karen-patient and the Karen-personnel instruments have achieved acceptable levels of construct validity. The internal consistency of the instruments is good. This indicates that the instruments may be suitable to use in clinical practice for measuring the quality of nursing care.
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38.
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39.
  • Seibert, M. Marvin, et al. (författare)
  • Single mimivirus particles intercepted and imaged with an X-ray laser
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 470:7332, s. 78-81
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • X-ray lasers offer new capabilities in understanding the structure of biological systems, complex materials and matter under extreme conditions(1-4). Very short and extremely bright, coherent X-ray pulses can be used to outrun key damage processes and obtain a single diffraction pattern from a large macromolecule, a virus or a cell before the sample explodes and turns into plasma(1). The continuous diffraction pattern of non-crystalline objects permits oversampling and direct phase retrieval(2). Here we show that high-quality diffraction data can be obtained with a single X-ray pulse from a noncrystalline biological sample, a single mimivirus particle, which was injected into the pulsed beam of a hard-X-ray free-electron laser, the Linac Coherent Light Source(5). Calculations indicate that the energy deposited into the virus by the pulse heated the particle to over 100,000 K after the pulse had left the sample. The reconstructed exit wavefront (image) yielded 32-nm full-period resolution in a single exposure and showed no measurable damage. The reconstruction indicates inhomogeneous arrangement of dense material inside the virion. We expect that significantly higher resolutions will be achieved in such experiments with shorter and brighter photon pulses focused to a smaller area. The resolution in such experiments can be further extended for samples available in multiple identical copies.
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40.
  • Van Lun, Michiel, et al. (författare)
  • Subunit Interface Dynamics in Hexadecameric Rubisco
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-2836 .- 1089-8638. ; 411:5, s. 1083-1098
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) plays an important role in the global carbon cycle as a hub for biomass. Rubisco catalyzes not only the carboxylation of RuBP with carbon dioxide but also a competing oxygenation reaction of RuBP with a negative impact on photosynthetic yield. The functional active site is built from two large (L) subunits that form a dimer. The octameric core of four L(2) dimers is held at each end by a cluster of four small (S) subunits, forming a hexadecamer. Each large subunit contacts more than one S subunit. These interactions exploit the dynamic flexibility of Rubisco, which we address in this study. Here, we describe seven different types of interfaces of hexadecameric Rubisco. We have analyzed these interfaces with respect to the size of the interface area and the number of polar interactions, including salt bridges and hydrogen bonds in a variety of Rubisco enzymes from different organisms and different kingdoms of life, including the Rubisco-like proteins. We have also performed molecular dynamics simulations of Rubisco from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and mutants thereof. From our computational analyses, we propose structural checkpoints of the S subunit to ensure the functionality and/or assembly of the Rubisco holoenzyme. These checkpoints appear to fine-tune the dynamics of the enzyme in a way that could influence enzyme performance.
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