| 21. |
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Föreställningar om kön : ett genusperspektiv på jordbrukets modernisering
- 1998
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Uppfattningar om kvinnligt och manligt, genusarbetsdelning, jordbrukaridentitet och jordbrukarkvinnors samhälleliga organisering är några av de frågor som behandlas i denna bok.I Föreställningar om kön. Ett genusperspektiv på jordbrukets modernisering låter sex historiker från de nordiska länderna genushistorisk och agrarhistorisk forskning mötas och inspirera varandra.Artiklarna visar att jordbrukets moderninsering inte enbart handlade om förändringar i produktionens teknik och inriktning. Med agrarsamhällets modernisering förändrades också betydelsen av kön, arbete och offentlighet i de nordiska länderna.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Hedenborg, Susanna, 1964-
(författare)
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Det gåtfulla folket : Barns villkor och uppfattningar av barnet i 1700-talets Stockholm
- 1997
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Children are the "little people" and during the childhood it may be said that the child is supposed to acquire the attributes that will enable him or her to qualify for and enter adulthood. The purpose of this thesis is to illustrate the attributes that defined a child as a "proper" child of its times with particular reference to 18th century Stockholm. The definition of children and childhood used is based upon both the prevailing social and cultural constructions and children's physical and psychological development.An understanding and awareness of these conceptions can be reached through studying the then expressed ideas about what a proper childhood should entail and through studying the treatment of children. In order to arrive at and define the conceptions of childhood four questions were posed:Were children seen as a separate group in relation to adults?Were distinctions made between the group defined as children?Were children ascribed certain responsibilities?What did the socialization process include?In order to answer the questions several different source materials have been used: laws, population registers, school books, children's literature and enrolment lists and examination papers from public schools. Children have been treated differently from adults by the legal system (criminal law and the civil law) at least since the middle ages. In some areas the age limits marking the transition from child to adult have remained the same while others were raised. Economic regulations have been subject to the greatest change. A general trend is that childhood as a period of few rights and responsibilities, has been prolonged over time.The conceptions of children and childhood vary considerably, even within a particular society and period. Despite the fact that distinctions (based on age, sex and social class) were made between children, at least one group in society expressed a conception of children as being alike emphasising instead differences between children and adults. Here children were defined according to their cognitive and affective capacities.I argue that this continuity can in part be explained by the physical and psychological differences between children and adults. The changing conceptualization is more difficult to explain. A strict economic explanation based on extended resources or an increased demand for educated labour is not plausible as Stockholm's economy was stagnating between 1750-1850. It is more likely that difficulties within the labour market together with cultural changes (particularly secularization) influenced the conceptualization of children and childhood.
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| 26. |
- Hellroth, Sven, 1956-
(författare)
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Från arbetsstatistik till konjunkturöversikt : arbetarfrågan och etablerandet av en statlig konjunkturbevakning i Sverige 1893-1914
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis investigates the emergence and establishment of an early public monitoring system of the Swedish economy prior to the First World War. The study relies on a careful examination of the source materials with the view to map why and how the monitoring of the Swedish economy emerged, who demanded it, how the public supervision of the economy was organised and administrated and the results of the efforts. The common driving force was an increasing political interest in Sweden and elsewhere over the labour issue towards the end of the nineteenth century. In fact, the establishment of the monitoring system of the Swedish economy was largely the result of a broader international statistical respons to the labour question by the end of that century. The emergence of a public monitoring of the economy was driven by a general need for measuring the effect of industrialisation on the labour market, especially the growing problems with episodes of involuntary unemployment in the industrialised countries towards the end of the century.The thesis is divided in two parts with a total of ten chapters. It is written within a traditional narrative structure, that is, the beginning, the middle and the end. The first part examines the emergence of the surveillance of the labour market and consists of three chapters according to the narrative structure covering the period 1893-1913. The second part consists of three chapters that investigate the establishment of a monthly economic survey of the Swedish economy between 1910 and 1914, structured in the same way as the part one. The establishment of this early public monitoring of the Swedish economy should be regarded as a forerunner of the National Institute of Economic Research (Konjunkturinstitutet) 1937.
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| 27. |
- Hellstrand, Sandra, 1983-
(författare)
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Lärlingsfrågan : Institutionell förändring, ekonomiska föreställningar och historiska begrepp i den svenska debatten om lärlingsutbildningen, 1890-1917
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The turn of the 20th century was a formative period of industrialisation and class formation, and a key period in the development of European systems of vocational education and training. At that time, apprenticeship training was frequently debated in Sweden, just as it was in many other parts of Europe. However, even though the apprentice question was seen as important enough to be repeatedly examined in public inquiries in the decades around 1900, Sweden did not get an apprenticeship law.The purpose of this thesis is to investigate why Sweden did not get an apprenticeship law in the period 1890–1917, with a focus on the debate about what, if anything, to do about apprentice training. Using language-oriented analysis, the thesis contributes new knowledge about the development of the Swedish system of vocational education and training. The studies are based on primary sources from multiple actors – from the craft employers’ organisations to public inquiries and consultation statements by industry employers, unions and parliament. However, the focus is on the craft employers, who were the main proponents of apprentice legislation.The first article analyses agreement and disagreement in political argumentation. Many of these arguments contain an economic aspect, and the second article investigates economic perceptions of apprentice training. The first and second article, in line with much of the existing literature, emphasises the impact of class conflicts and the growth of industry on the politics of apprenticeship. The third article therefore takes a closer look at how these structural changes are imprinted on the craft employers’ language in the debate on apprenticeship, by analysing historical concepts connected to yrke and fack (both of which can be roughly translated as vocation, occupation or trade, although fack is also a Swedish term for trade union), klass (class) and stånd (estate).The main findings highlight a previously overlooked level of support for the idea of apprenticeship legislation among both employers and unions, combined with strong disagreements concerning the content of the proposed legislation. It is clear that there was both a craft/industry divide and a worker/employer divide. The latter has in previous research been emphasised as detrimental to the prospects for apprenticeship legislation. In the Swedish case, this class conflict reduced the chances of such legislation, as the state was also either unwilling or unable to introduce an apprentice law without agreement between employers and workers. The first article outlines much of these findings, while the second and third articles, in exploring other aspects of the apprentice question, further reinforce and nuance the main results.
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| 28. |
- Hermansson, Kenth, 1964-
(författare)
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I persuadörernas verkstad. Marknadsföring i Sverige 1920-1965 : En studie av ord och handling hos marknadens aktörer
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A basic assumption in the thesis is that the expansion of production and consumption in the Swedish society during the first half of the 20th century involved market as well as consumer activities of a new kind.The thesis explores the development and practice of marketing towards consumers as a main activity of actors in the market, how it was formulated in textbooks an trade journals and followed up in the activity of two Swedish companies (Barnängen and MEA, Militärekiperingsaktiebolaget). The focus is on the period 1920-1965.In the first part the main lines of the dissertation is drawn. The second part focus on texts on marketing and the main characteristics of the period is discussed. It covers the topics of marketing, distribution, advertising and selling on a general level. In two more detailed chapters, the topics of market analysis and the marketing problems and praxis in retailing is dealt with.The third part focus on the practice in the two companies. Market research from the company of Barnängen is examined with the focus on products, groups of consumers, which technique was used, how and if recommendations were followed up in product politics or advertising. The results showed a shift in the use of techniques and product politics towards more sophisticated instruments and a closer relation to a wider market.Retailers use of marketing practice is examined in the company of MEA (Militär Ekiperings Aktiebolaget). The result showed a shift in both use of advertising and advertised products over the period 1930-1960. It was also detected a shit in the relation to the market that went from customer relation to a more anonymous consumer market.The fourth part ties the normative and practical levels together. The consequences for the consumers are also taken in for discussion. It showed that in the overall perspective a change towards a wider consumer market took place.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Ingman, Gustav, 1989-
(författare)
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Essays on Stockholm’s real estate market 1730–2020
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation examines the long-run development of Stockholm’s real estate market between the years 1730 and 2020. Building on the city’s vast archival sources of housing transactions, it presents new insights into the historical price movements and the class and gender composition of the people that were engaged in the housing market.In five articles, three overarching themes are addressed. Firstly, Stockholm’s real estate price development between 1730 and 1875 is reconstructed. The new indices are then linked to existing ones so that prices can be followed into the present. Perhaps the most striking finding is that the last decades of rapidly rising prices had a precursor in the late 1800s market. Secondly, the new indices are used to assess the historical existence of turbulence and bubbles. While several severe price declines are detected, not least in periods of price increases and world wars, the buildup to the financial crisis of 1990 stands out as unique with its explosive price surge. Thirdly, archival material with information about historical real estate transactions is used to examine the class and gender composition of real estate market participants from 1730 to 1875. While the class composition remained stable, women’s participation was transformed as more unmarried women started to invest in housing towards the end of the investigated period. It highlights a tension between formal regulations and the praxis of women living in an increasingly commercialized city.This thesis puts Stockholm’s present real estate price boom in a historical perspective. It discusses earlier periods of booms and busts, and maps resemblances and differences with the present situation. Furthermore, it provides new empirical data that can be useful for future researchers.
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