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- Malaki, Akhil, 1961-
(författare)
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Informal Finance and Microfinance in Jamaica and Trinidad & Tobago : An Institutional Study
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study is about informal institutions in informal finance and microfinance in Jamaica and Trinidad-Tobago. Informal institutions as understood in this study are unwritten social norms that cater to specific needs in the society, and can be indirectly captured and measured in their outcome. Informal institutions are deeply embedded in the socio-cultural matrix of a society. In the context of informal finance and microfinance, the outcome of the existence of informal institutions are the indigenous financial intermediaries like Roscas, community based lending, and individual financial brokers.The institutional theoretical framework of this study helps capture the institutional dynamics and the processes in informal finance and microfinance. The theoretical framework demonstrates the following: (1) Informal institutions exist in both informal finance and formal microfinance. (2) It exposes the interface between the financial intermediaries and the informal institutions that govern informal finance and microfinance through certain mechanisms like ‘joint liability’ and ‘social collateral’, which reduce information asymmetries and transactions costs. An implication is that informal institutions address the crucial issue of ‘moral hazards’. (3) The same informal institutions governing informal finance are being adapted and innovated by microfinance. Lending methodologies of informal finance are becoming embedded in microfinance. (4) Microfinance organizations are being transformed into formal financial intermediaries, thereby exposing the process by which informal institutions are also being formalized. (5) An empirical investigation of peoples’ needs, preference and benefits provides the evidence as to why they subscribe to informal institutions via the various financial intermediaries.The findings of this study provide some interesting insights: Firstly, models of financial services based on indigenous institutions have better chances of surviving than imported models. Secondly, informal institutions compete, coexist and even complement formal institutions in providing financial services to the economically active poor. Thirdly, microfinance has not just bridged the gap between formal and the informal finance; it is also becoming a catalyst through which informal institutions are slowly being formalized. Lastly, the client base’s needs, preferences and benefits account for the pervasiveness of informal institutions in informal finance and in microfinance.
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- Malmén, Stina, 1982-
(författare)
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I företagshistoriens marginaler : Familj, fostran och fortlevnad i sekelskiftets dynastier
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The dissertation addresses the question of power structures in corporate families. Two leading Swedish corporate dynasties during the pre-first world war era are examined from an intersectional perspective: the Ekman and the Wallenberg families. The Wallenberg family is still situated in the absolute top of Swedish business community, while the Ekman family has lost its position as a leading dynasty.Traditionally, research about family firms has been shaped by the understanding of a public/private dichotomy. The focus has often been on formal processes and arenas for corporate management in the “public sphere”. Another focus area in studies about family businesses is the matter of succession of leadership. This dissertation draws on critical research that has put the public/private dichotomy into question regarding the everyday operation of family businesses. In line with this research, the present study argues for a more inclusive understanding of this type of corporation, where the “private sphere” may also be considered an arena for management in the family firm. An important aspect in building and developing a dynasty is biological reproduction and the upbringing of future successors in order to secure continuity. Furthermore, this study seeks to deepen such an understanding by examining the significance of social reproduction for management and continuity in these families.Three of the articles investigate the interplay between family and business by highlighting the importance of social reproduction in order to establish successful management and continuity. Here, the role of the children and the spouse of the corporate owners proves to be of great significance. The fourth article problematizes the role of archives in knowledge production regarding family firms and argues for a greater awareness about what narratives are enabled by these archives.
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