| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Jalouli, Jamshid, et al.
(författare)
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Human Papilloma Virus, Herpes Simplex Virus and Epstein Barr Virus in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma from Eight Different Countries
- 2012
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 32:2, s. 571-580
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major health problem in many parts of the world, and the major causative agents are thought to he the use of alcohol and tobacco. Oncogenic viruses have also been suggested to be involved in OSCC development. This study investigated the prevalence of human papillomaviruses (HPV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in 155 OSCC from eight different countries from different ethnic groups, continents and with different socioeconomic backgrounds. 41 A total of OSCCs were diagnosed in the tongue (26%) and 23 in the floor of the mouth (15%); the other 91 OSCCs were diagnosed in other locations (59%). The patients were also investigated regarding the use of alcohol and smoking and smokeless tobacco habits. Tissue samples were obtained from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of the OSCC. DNA was extracted and the viral genome was examined by single, nested and seminested PCR assays. Sequencing of double-stranded DNA from the PCR product was carried out. Following sequencing of the HPV-, HSV- and EBV-positive PCR products, 100% homology between the sampels was found. Of all the 155 OSCCs examined, 85 (55%) were positive for EBV, 54 (35%) for HPV and 24 (15%) for HSV. The highest prevalence of HPV was seen in Sudan (65%), while HSV (55%) and EBV (80%) were most prevalent in the UK. In 34% (52/155) of all the samples examined, co-infection by two (46/155=30%) or three (6/155=4%) virus specimens was detected. The most frequent double infection was HPV with EBV in 21% (32/155) of all OSCCs. There was a statistically significant higher proportion of samples with HSV (p=0.026) and EBV (p=0.015) in industrialized countries (Sweden, Norway, UK and USA) as compared to developing countries (Sudan, India, Sri Lanka and Yemen). Furthermore, there was a statistically significant higher co-infection of HSV and EBV in samples from industrialized countries (p=0.00031). No firm conclusions could be drawn regarding the relationship between alcohol, tobacco and virus infections. The significance of our findings must be put in relation to other risk factors and these observations warrant further studies to determine the possible role of viral infections and co-infections with HPV, EBV and HSV as risk markers for the development of OSCC.
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| 33. |
- Jalouli, Miranda M., et al.
(författare)
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Differential Expression of Apoptosis, Cell Cycle Regulation and Intermediate Filament Genes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas Associated with Toombak Use in Sudan
- 2011
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 31:10, s. 3345-3351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previously we used microarray genomic hybridization technology to explore genome-wide profiles of chromosomal aberrations in samples of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) and paired normal controls. Based on these findings, 9 genes related to apoptosis, cell cycle regulation and intermediate filament proteins were selected and their differential expression status was examined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR in 26 samples of Sudanese OSCCs and their matched normal controls. The findings were correlated with the habit of toombak use. The mRNA levels of Bcl2, keratin 1, keratin 13 and p53 were significantly lower and the level of survivin was significantly higher in the OSCC samples of the toombak users compared to their paired control samples. A significant down-regulation in keratin I and keratin 13 expression levels was found in the OSCC samples of the non-toombak users compared to their normal control samples. The differential expression of genes related to apoptosis, cell cycle regulation and types I and II keratin could be useful diagnostic markers and provide valuable information for the understanding of oral malignancy in relation to toombak use.
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| 34. |
- Johansson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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A Review of Dose-dense Temozolomide Alone and in Combination with Bevacizumab in Patients with First Relapse of Glioblastoma
- 2012
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 32:9, s. 4001-4006
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment of patients with glioblastoma improved dramatically when concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide was added to external radiation therapy. The addition of this new treatment schedule as well as the improvements in individually-tailored radiation treatment, has resulted in a larger proportion of patients being fit for further treatment after first relapse. One of the most interesting combinations that have started to become part of the therapeutic arsenal in the daily clinic is dose-dense temozolomide in combination with bevacizumab. We reviewed and compiled the literature concerning the present topic based on a search of the PubMed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) for the years between 1995 and 2011. The clinical studies that have been performed are small and divergent, making it difficult to grade the scientific evidence for the combinatorial treatment of dose-dense temozolomide and bevacizumab. However, the available studies and the experience we have at our departments suggest that this combination is of interest for glioblastoma patients experiencing first relapse. More randomized clinical trials are needed in order to establish the standard of treatment at first relapse in patients with glioblastoma.
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| 35. |
- Jäwert, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Loss of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine and TET2 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Anticancer research. - 1791-7530 .- 0250-7005. ; 33:10, s. 4325-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, are considered important in the regulation of target genes in cancer development. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) was recently discovered to be related to the process of malignant transformation. The influence of DNA methylation in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) is not fully-understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the DNA methylation pattern in OSCC compared to healthy oral epithelium.
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| 36. |
- Kopparapu, Pradeep, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of cyclin d1 and its association with disease characteristics in bladder cancer
- 2013
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 33:12, s. 5235-4252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) is characterized by alterations in cell-cycle regulatory pathways. Defects in the expression of cyclin D1, a key cell-cycle regulator, have been implicated in progression of various types of cancer. In the present study, we investigated whether cyclin D1 expression is associated with clinicopathological parameters and whether it has any potential prognostic value in determining risk of UCB recurrence.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Tissue microarrays containing bladder cancer specimens (n=212) and adjacent normal bladder tissues (n=131) were immunostained using an antibody against cyclin D1. The association between cyclin D1 and clinicopathological parameters including stage, lymph node metastasis, and disease-free survival, were evaluated. Cyclin D1 mRNA expression data from human normal bladder (n=14) and cancer specimens (n=28) were extracted from the public Oncomine database.RESULTS: Cyclin D1 mRNA and protein expression were significantly higher in UCB compared to adjacent non-malignant bladder tissue (for mRNA p=0.003, for protein p=0.001). Cyclin D1 protein expression was significantly higher in non-invasive tumors than in muscle-invasive UCB (p=0.016). Among patients with muscle-invasive UCB, increased cyclin D1 expression in tumor cells significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (p<0.001), and there was a trend of cyclin D1 together with lymph node positivity to be associated with disease recurrence (p=0.678). Loss of nuclear cyclin D1 expression in tumor cells was likewise significantly associated with the presence of lymph node metastasis (p<0.001).CONCLUSION: Altered expression of cyclin D1 is associated with lymph node metastasis and risk of UCB recurrence. Cyclin D1 expression may therefore have clinical value as a prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target.
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| 37. |
- Kopparapu, Pradeep Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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Expression and localization of serotonin receptors in human breast cancer
- 2013
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - : International Institute of Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 33:2, s. 363-370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine the expression of serotonin receptors in patients with breast cancer and to explore their utility as diagnostic and prognostic markers. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to examine the expression of serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtypes 1A, 1B, 2B and 4 in a tissue microarray containing tumor specimens from 102 patients. Statistical analysis was performed to correlate the expression of these proteins with regard to clinical parameters. We found that all four serotonin receptors (5-HTRs) exhibited different expression patterns in breast cancer specimens. In general strong staining for 5-HTR1A was observed on the membrane of cancer cells but it was detected only in the cytoplasm of non-malignant cells. 5-HTR1B and 5-HTR2B were predominantly expressed in the cytoplasm of breast cancer cells, while 5-HTR4 was exclusively found in the nucleus of malignant and non-malignant cells. Correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation of 5-HTR2B with estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) and 5-HTR4 with ER-α and progesterone (PR). In conclusion, the different expression patterns and subcellular localization of 5-HTRs in breast cancer may reflect their role in breast cancer progression.
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| 38. |
- Kopparapu, Pradeep Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of VEGF and its receptors VEGFR1/VEGFR2 is associated with invasiveness of bladder cancer
- 2013
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 33:6, s. 2381-2390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling is frequently altered in invasive tumor cells and is associated with patient outcome. In the present study, we examined VEGF, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 expression in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), and evaluated the association between VEGF and its receptors with disease characteristics and bladder cancer recurrence.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tissue microarrays containing bladder cancer specimens (n=212) and adjacent normal bladder mucosa (n=131) were immunostained using antibodies against VEGF, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2. The association between the expression of these proteins and clinical parameters including stage, lymph node metastasis, and recurrence-free survival were statistically evaluated. VEGF mRNA expression data were extracted from the public Oncomine database.RESULTS: VEGF and VEGFR1 mRNA levels were significantly higher in bladder cancer specimens than that of normal mucosa (for VEGF, p<0.001; for VEGFR1, p=0.02). Analysis of their expression at protein levels showed that levels of VEGF and VEGFR1 were significantly higher in NMIBC than in MIBC (p<0.001), while that of VEGFR2 was significantly higher in all cancer specimens compared to benign urothelial mucosa (p=0.001). Further-more, the expression of VEGFR2 was significantly higher in MIBC, as compared to NMIBC (p<0.001). Patients with higher levels of VEGF, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 tended to have poorer recurrence-free survival than those with lower levels, but this was not statistically significant.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that alterations in the expression of VEGF and VEGF receptors are associated with disease stage and recurrence.
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| 39. |
- Larsson, Dhana E., et al.
(författare)
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The Cytotoxic Agents NSC-95397, Brefeldin A, Bortezomib and Sanguinarine Induce Apoptosis in Neuroendocrine Tumors In Vitro
- 2010
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 30:1, s. 149-156
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the apoptosis resulting from NSC 95397, brefeldin A, bortezomib and sanguinarine in neuroendocrine tumor cell lines. Materials and Methods: A multiparametric high-content screening assay for measurement of apoptosis was used. The human pancreatic carcinoid cell line, BON-1, human typical bronchial carcinoid cell line NCI-H727 and the human atypical bronchial carcinoid cell line NCI-H720 were tested. After incubation with cytotoxic drugs, the DNA-binding dye Hoechst 33342, fluorescein-tagged probes that covalently bind active caspase-3 and chloromethyl-X-rosamine to detect mitochondrial membrane potential were added. Image acquisition and quantitative measurement of fluorescence was performed using automated image capture and analysis instrument ArrayScan. In addition, nuclear morphology was examined on microscopic slides stained with May-Grunewald-Giemsa. Results: A time- and dose-dependent activation of caspase-3 and increase in nuclear fragmentation and condensation were observed for the drugs using a multiparametric apoptosis assay. These results were confirmed with nuclear morphological examination on microscopic slides. Conclusion: NSC 95397, brefeldin A, bortezomib and sanguinarine induced caspase-3 activation with modest changes in nuclear morphology.
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| 40. |
- Larsson, Lena, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of High Mobility Group A proteins in oral leukoplakia
- 2013
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 33:10, s. 4261-4266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Oral leukoplakia (LPL) is considered a potentially malignant disorder in the oral cavity and the gastric tract. The high mobility group A (HMGA) proteins are important in the transformation of normal cells into cancer cells, but there is a lack of knowledge about their importance in development of oral cancer. The aim of the current project was to investigate HMGA expression in LPLs with different levels of dysplasia. Materials and Methods: Biopsies were histologically processed to visualize the expression of HMGA1 and HMGA2 using immunohistochemistry. Results: An increase of HMGA1-positive cells correlating to the degree of dysplasia was registered in the epithelium and in the connective tissue. HMGA2 expression was seen in the epithelium and in the connective tissue but with no obvious correlation to the level of dysplasia. Conclusion: This is, to our knowledge, the first study showing the expression of HMGA proteins in healthy and non-healthy oral mucosa.
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