| 21. |
- Förnvik, Karolina, et al.
(författare)
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ITPP treatment of RG2 glioblastoma in a rat model
- 2016
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Ingår i: Anticancer research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 36:11, s. 5751-5755
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Inositol trispyrophosphate (ITPP) has been shown to reduce tumour growth in different animal cancer models, as well as of human U87 glioma cells grafted onto chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). The aim of this study was to establish whether ITPP crosses the blood-brain barrier and whether it halts the growth of RG2 glioblastoma tumour. Materials and Methods: A model comprising of Fischer 344 rats was chosen and RG2 cells were implanted either intracranially, or subcutaneously on the left hind leg, and the animals were treated with ITPP either intraperitoneally, intravenously or both routes combined. Overall survival was then calculated. Results: No prolonged survival was seen in animals treated with ITPP. The route of ITPP administration did not affect outcome. Conclusion: ITPP had no favourable effect upon survival in our animal model with RG2 glioblastoma tumours in Fischer 344 rats.
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| 22. |
- Ganesh, Divya, et al.
(författare)
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Potentially Malignant Oral Disorders and Cancer Transformation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 38:6, s. 3223-3229
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancer in the oral cavity is often preceded by precursor lesions. Nine oral mucosal disorders are known to have an increased risk of malignant transformation. The etiology varies from disorders caused by exogenous factors such as tobacco and autoimmune inflammation to idiopathic or inherited genetic aberrations. In this review, these potentially malignant disorders (PMDs) are described regarding clinical presentation and histopathological architecture. Special attention is paid to the underlying etiologies of PMDs and the potential pathways leading to cancer. The clinical perspective focuses on the importance of accurate and timely diagnosis.
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| 23. |
- Gkekas, Ioannis, et al.
(författare)
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Microsatellite instability as a prognostic factor in stage II colon cancer patients : a meta-analysis of published literature
- 2017
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 37:12, s. 6563-6574
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND/AIM: The prognostic role of microsatellite instability (MSI) in stage II colon cancer patients remains controversial despite the fact that it has been investigated in a number of studies. Hazard ratios differ considerably among these studies. We performed a meta-analysis to define the significance of MSI in this group of patients.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Studies indexed in PubMed presenting separate data on MSI status and survival outcomes for stage II colon cancer patients have been analyzed using fixed-effect meta-analysis of hazard ratio (HR) according to the method of Peto.RESULTS: Analysis was performed on 19 studies including 5,998 patients. A 47.3% of patients received postoperative chemotherapy and included 52.8% males and 47.2% females. Eight studies included some rectal cancer patients although this cohort was not clearly defined in 3 of these. MSI observed in 20.8% (mean) of patients (median 19.9%). HR for overall survival (OS) of MSI vs. microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors for the entire population: 0.73 (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.33-1.65); HR for disease-free survival (DFS):0.60 (95%CI=0.27-1.32). No statistical significant difference was found when studies analyzing MSI with genotyping (MG) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were compared separately (MG vs. IHC: HR OS 0.45, 95%CI=0.10-2.05 vs. 0.95, 95%CI=0.57-1.58; HR DFS 0.51, 95%CI=0.14-1.85 vs. 0.67, 95%CI=0.26-1.70). However, numerically MSI determination with genotyping shows significantly lower hazard ratios for both DFS and OS. Separate analysis of studies describing colon cancer patients only showed HR OS 0.72 (95%CI=0.31-1.71); HR DFS 0.60 (95%CI=0.27-1.31).CONCLUSION: No significant relation was found between MSI status and OS or DFS. Routine determination of MSI status to guide postoperative management of stage II colon cancer patients cannot be recommended. New large scale high quality studies are needed to answer this question definitively, since currently analyzed studies vary considerably.
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| 24. |
- Guo, Jinan, et al.
(författare)
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A panel of biomarkers for diagnosis of prostate cancer using urine samples
- 2018
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Ingår i: Anticancer research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 38:3, s. 1471-1477
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Aim: Prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis using patient urine samples represents a non-invasive and more convenient method than the conventional biopsy and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test. This study intended to identify a biomarker panel to distinguish PCa from benign prostate using urine samples. Materials and Methods: We identified six biomarkers with differential gene expression in 154 PCa and benign prostate specimens. We then determined mRNA expression signature and the diagnostic performance of the 6-biomarker panel in 156 urine samples from patients with PCa and benign disease. Results: The 6-biomarker panel distinguished PCa from benign prostate cases with sensitivity of 80.6%, specificity of 62.9% and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.803 (p<0.0001), whereas serum PSA at 4 ng/ml cutoff had sensitivity of 95.5%, specificity of 20.2% and AUC of 0.521 (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The 6-biomarker panel for use in urine samples was able to distinguish PCa from benign prostate with higher specificity and accuracy than PSA and may be useful in clinical settings.
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| 25. |
- Hakelius, Malin, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Normal oral keratinocytes and head and neck squamous carcinoma cells induce an innate response in fibroblasts
- 2016
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 36:5, s. 2131-2137
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Tumor stroma is similar to the connective tissue of chronic inflammation. The extracellular matrix of tumors is formed by cancer-associated fibroblasts that also modulate the inflammatory response. Materials and Methods: We studied the ability of oral keratinocytes (NOK) and oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (SCC) to induce an innate immune response in fibroblasts. Co-cultures with fibroblasts in collagen gels and keratinocytes in inserts were used. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) was used as an indicator of an innate immune response. Results: SCC and NOK up-regulated fibroblast mRNA expression and protein release of PTX3. mRNA levels were more pronounced in cultures with malignant cells. The induction of PTX3 was abrogated by an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist Conclusion: Keratinocytes have the capacity to induce an interleukin-1-dependent innate immune response by fibroblasts in vitro. This could be important for subsequent fibroblast modulation of the inflammatory reaction in non-malignant and malignant disease processes.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Hernroth, Bodil, et al.
(författare)
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Manganese inhibits viability of prostate cancer cells
- 2018
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 38:1, s. 137-145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Aim: Androgen deprivation therapy is usually in the initial phase a successful treatment for prostate cancer but eventually most patients develop androgen-independent metastatic disease. This study investigated if manganese (Mn) reduces viability of prostate cancer via induction of apoptosis. Materials and Methods: The prostate cancer cell lines PC3, DU145 and LNCaP underwent dose- and time-dependent screening of viability, analyzed by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. Flow cytometry was used for the cell-cycle and apoptosis analyses. Intracellular Mn concentration was measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Results: At Mn concentrations of 200-1000 µM, the effect on viability was most pronounced in PC3 followed by LNCaP cells. These cell lines also showed higher intracellular concentration of Mn compared to DU145. In all cell lines, Mn increased the proportion of cells arrested in the G0/G1 phase and induced apoptosis. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating Mn as a potential agent in prostate cancer therapy.
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| 28. |
- Holgersson, Georg, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Increased Radiotoxicity on Survival of Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Curatively Intended Radiotherapy
- 2015
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 35:10, s. 5491-5497
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To elucidate the impact of different forms of radiation toxicities (esophagitis, radiation pneumonitis, mucositis and hoarseness), on the survival of patients treated with curatively intended radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Patients and Methods: Data were individually collected retrospectively for all patients diagnosed with NSCLC subjected to curatively intended radiotherapy (>= 50 Gy) in Sweden during the time period 1990 to 2000.Results: Esophagitis was the only radiation-induced toxicity with an impact on survival (hazard ratio=0.83, p=0.016). However, in a multivariate model, with clinical-and treatment-related factors taken into consideration, the impact of esophagitis on survival was no longer statistically significant (hazard ratio=0.88, p=0.17).Conclusion: The effect on survival seen in univariate analysis may be related to higher radiation dose and to the higher prevalence of chemotherapy in this group. The results do not suggest that the toxicities examined have any detrimental effect on overall survival.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Hu, Dingyuan, et al.
(författare)
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The Emerging Role of Calcium-activated Chloride Channel Regulator 1 in Cancer
- 2019
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Ingår i: Anticancer research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 1791-7530 .- 0250-7005. ; 39:4, s. 1661-1666
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Calcium-activated chloride channel regulator 1 (CLCA1) belongs to a group of secreted self-cleaving proteins, which activate calcium-dependent chloride channels. CLCA1 has been shown to participate in the pathogenesis of inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma. Recently, additional functions of CLCA1 have been unveiled, including its metalloprotease property and involvement in mucus homeostasis and immune modulation. Emerging evidence suggests that CLCA1 may also be involved in the pathophysiology of colorectal, pancreatic and ovarian cancer. There is growing interest in utilizing CLCA1 as a diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarker, as well as a potential therapeutic target. In this review, the functional role of CLCA1, with a particular focus on cancer, is described.
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