| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Asokan, Shilpa M., 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of water resources in the Mahanadi River Basin, India under projected climate conditions
- 2008
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Ingår i: Hydrological Processes. - : Wiley. - 0885-6087 .- 1099-1085. ; 22:18, s. 3589-3603
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper presents the outcomes of a study conducted to analyse water resources availability and demand in the Mahanadi River Basin in India under climate change conditions. Climate change impact analysis was carried out for the years 2000, 2025, 2050, 2075 and 2100, for the months of September and April (representing wet and dry months), at a sub-catchment level. A physically based distributed hydrologic model (DHM) was used for estimation of the present water availability. For future scenarios under climate change conditions, precipitation output of Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis General Circulation Model (CGCM2) was used as the input data for the DHM. The model results show that the highest increase in peak runoff (38%) in the Mahanadi River outlet will occur during September, for the period 2075-2100 and the maximum decrease in average runoff (32·5%) will be in April, for the period 2050-2075. The outcomes indicate that the Mahanadi River Basin is expected to experience progressively increasing intensities of flood in September and drought in April over the considered years. The sectors of domestic, irrigation and industry were considered for water demand estimation. The outcomes of the analysis on present water use indicated a high water abstraction by the irrigation sector. Future water demand shows an increasing trend until 2050, beyond which the demand will decrease owing to the assumed regulation of population explosion. From the simulated future water availability and projected water demand, water stress was computed. Among the six sub-catchments, the sub-catchment six shows the peak water demand. This study hence emphasizes on the need for re-defining water management policies, by incorporating hydrological response of the basin to the long-term climate change, which will help in developing appropriate flood and drought mitigation measures at the basin level.
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| 13. |
- Barron, Jennie
(författare)
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Establishing irrigation potential of a hillside aquifer in the African highlands
- 2020
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Ingår i: Hydrological Processes. - : Wiley. - 0885-6087 .- 1099-1085. ; 34, s. 1741-1753
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Feeding 9 billion people in 2050 will require sustainable development of all water resources, both surface and subsurface. Yet, little is known about the irrigation potential of hillside shallow aquifers in many highland settings in sub-Saharan Africa that are being considered for providing irrigation water during the dry monsoon phase for smallholder farmers. Information on the shallow groundwater being available in space and time on sloping lands might aid in increasing food production in the dry monsoon phase. Therefore, the research objective of this work is to estimate potential groundwater storage as a potential source of irrigation water for hillside aquifers where lateral subsurface flow is dominant. The research was carried out in the Robit Bata experimental watershed in the Lake Tana basin which is typical of many undulating watersheds in the Ethiopian highlands. Farmers have excavated more than 300 hand dug wells for irrigation. We used 42 of these wells to monitor water table fluctuation from April 16, 2014 to December 2015. Precipitation and runoff data were recorded for the same period. The temporal groundwater storage was estimated using two methods: one based on the water balance with rainfall as input and baseflow and evaporative losses leaving the watershed as outputs; the second based on the observed rise and fall of water levels in wells. We found that maximum groundwater storage was at the end of the rain phase in September after which it decreased linearly until the middle of December due to short groundwater retention times. In the remaining part of the dry season period, only wells located close to faults contained water. Thus, without additional water sources, sloping lands can only be used for significant irrigation inputs during the first 3 months out of the 8 months long dry season.
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| 14. |
- Bengtsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Extreme storms in Malmo, Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: Hydrological Processes. - : Wiley. - 1099-1085 .- 0885-6087. ; 24:24, s. 3462-3475
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Short-term very intensive storms in the years 1980-2007 from rain gauges in Malmo have been analysed to find intensities of long return periods and to investigate trends. Observations from different stations have been pooled into series to which probability functions have been adjusted. Quality control of short-term precipitation records is emphasized. In order to investigate whether high rain intensities are different today compared to back in time, new and old rain data have been compared. Trends over the last 25 years have been computed for storms of duration 10 min to 1 h, and for 89 years of daily rains. A literature review of investigations of changing rain intensities is presented. It is found that 10- to 25-year long rain series from single stations are too short to give good estimates of storms of long recurrence time because a single event influences much. The largest observed rains in Malmo in the investigated period have a return period of about 20-50 years. For the very short-term storms, 50-year old intensity-duration-frequency curves do not differ much from those derived from new data. Trend analysis shows changing short-term high storm intensities only for storms of 10-min duration. (C) Copyright. 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Bengtsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Long- term change of daily and multi- daily precipitation in southern Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: Hydrological Processes. - : Wiley. - 1099-1085 .- 0885-6087. ; 28:6, s. 2897-2911
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Daily rain series from southern Sweden with records dating back to the 1870s have been analysed to investigate the trends of daily and multi-day precipitation of different return periods with emphasis on the extremes. Probabilities of extreme storms were determined as continuously changing values based on 25 years of data. An extra set of data was used to investigate changes in Skane, the southernmost peninsula of Sweden. Another 30-year data set of more than 200 stations of a dense gauge network in Skane was used to investigate the relation between very large daily rainfall and annual precipitation. The annual precipitation has increased significantly all over southern Sweden due to increased winter precipitation. There is a trend of increasing maximum annual daily precipitation at only one station, where the annual maximum often occurs in winter. The number of events with a short return period is increasing, but the number of more extreme events has not increased. Daily and multi-daily design storms of long return periods determined from extreme value analysis with updating year by year are not higher today than during the last 100 years. The largest daily storms are not related to stations with annual rainfall but seem to occur randomly. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Beven, Keith
(författare)
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Advice to a young hydrologist
- 2016
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Ingår i: Hydrological Processes. - : Wiley. - 0885-6087 .- 1099-1085. ; 30:20, s. 3578-3582
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Beven, Keith J., et al.
(författare)
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GLUE : 20 years on
- 2014
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Ingår i: Hydrological Processes. - : Wiley. - 0885-6087 .- 1099-1085. ; 28:24, s. 5897-5918
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reviews the use of the Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) methodology in the 20 years since the paper by Beven and Binley in Hydrological Processes in (1992), which is now one of the most highly cited papers in hydrology. The original conception, the on-going controversy it has generated, the nature of different sources of uncertainty and the meaning of the GLUE prediction uncertainty bounds are discussed. The hydrological, rather than statistical, arguments about the nature of model and data errors and uncertainties that are the basis for GLUE are emphasized. The application of the Institute of Hydrology distributed model to the Gwy catchment at Plynlimon presented in the original paper is revisited, using a larger sample of models, a wider range of likelihood evaluations and new visualization techniques. It is concluded that there are good reasons to reject this model for that data set. This is a positive result in a research environment in that it requires improved models or data to be made available. In practice, there may be ethical issues of using outputs from models for which there is evidence for model rejection in decision making. Finally, some suggestions for what is needed in the next 20 years are provided.
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