| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Oxenstierna, G, et al.
(författare)
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Increased frequency of aberrant CSF circulation in schizophrenic patients compared to healthy volunteers
- 1996
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Ingår i: European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0924-9338. ; 11:1, s. 16-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a previous cisternographic study of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation in schizophrenic patients, indications for disturbed flow dynamics were found in 10 of 30 subjects. In order to replicate and investigate the clinical and pathophysiological significance of this finding, 39 schizophrenic patients and 42 healthy subjects were examined with an improved method for measurement of CSF circulation. 99mTc-DTPA was injected intrathecally and the gamma cisternograms were evaluated blindly. Correlations between cisternography findings and age, duration of disease, previous hospitalizations, positive or negative symptomatology, exposure to neuroleptics, psychiatric family history, CT findings and CSF levels of protein, tryptophan and monoamine metabolites, were calculated. Seven of the patients showed abnormalities in the cisternograms with a slow or obstructed flow of CSF over the convexities (P < 0.01) whereas none of the healthy volunteers showed abnormalities. There were no correlations between disturbed CSF circulation in the patients and the clinical and biochemical parameters, thus the significance of the deviations, similar to other biological aberrations found in schizophrenic patients, is not known. Recent developments in magnetic resonance imaging offer new possibilities to further examine CSF circulation abnormalities in schizophrenia.
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| 24. |
- Portala, Kamilla, et al.
(författare)
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Personality traits in treated Wilson's disease determined by means of the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP)
- 2001
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Ingår i: European psychiatry. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 16:6, s. 362-371
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim was to elucidate the personality traits of patients with treated Wilsons disease (WD) in comparison to healthy volunteers. METHOD: Twenty-five WD patients, ten females and 15 males, with a mean age of 35.2 +/- 8.3 years completed the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP), a self-report inventory comprising 15 separate scales. The results were compared to a control series comprising 200 men and 200 women drawn from the general population. RESULTS: The patients with treated WD scored significantly lower than the healthy controls on aggressivity-hostility-related scales and the scale measuring Psychic Anxiety. Patients with predominantly hepatic symptoms had the lowest aggressivity-related scores and patients with predominantly neurological symptoms had the lowest Irritability, Guilt and Detachment scores and the highest Impulsiveness and Muscular Tension scores. Both groups scored low on the Somatic Anxiety scale. CONCLUSION: The present results illustrate that patients with treated WD have significant deviations in personality traits, especially in aggressivity-hostility-related scales and Psychic Anxiety, compared to healthy controls when investigated by means of a self-report inventory, the KSP. The deviations were not related to age, age at onset or duration of the disease.
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| 25. |
- Saarento, O, et al.
(författare)
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The Nordic comparative study on sectorised psychiatry : repeated emergency admissions to inpatient care during a 1-year follow-up.
- 1998
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Ingår i: European psychiatry. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 13:8, s. 385-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergency admissions to hospital care in six psychiatric services in four Nordic countries were explored as a part of a Nordic comparative study on sectorised psychiatry. One year treated incidence cohorts were used, with the total cohort comprising 2,454 patients. Of the 803 patients who were admitted to inpatient care during a 1-year follow-up, 82% had at least one emergency admission and 23% repeated emergency admissions. The definition for the repeated emergency admissions was at least two admissions during the follow-up. The mean length of stay in emergency inpatient care per treatment episode for this patient subgroup was 28 days. Their emergency inpatient episodes constituted 30% of all inpatient days during the follow-up. However, the variations between the services and diagnostic subgroups were large. The results of a logistic regression analysis indicated that the following variables predicted repeated emergency admissions: inpatient care at index contact, emergency outpatient contacts or no planned hospital admissions during the follow-up, psychiatric service, age under 45 years, and a diagnosis of psychosis, personality disorder or dependency. The repeated emergency admissions were related to the existence of a special service unit for abusers but not to the rates of outpatient staff or acute beds in the services, to geographical distances, referral practice or existence of emergency services.
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| 26. |
- Salzmann-Erikson, Martin, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Intensive psychiatric care
- 2010
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Ingår i: European psychiatry. - Paris, France : Elsevier. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 25, s. 635-635
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The first psychiatric intensive care unit (PICU) opened in the early 1970's in New York. This ward was designed to manage patient that did not respond to treatment in open psychiatric wards. There are about 15 PICUs in Sweden but the concept has not been specified by any public organs. In many county hospitals, both acute and intensive care units exists parallel.Aims: Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the core characteristics of PICU in Sweden and to describe the care activities provided for patients admitted to PICU.Method: Critical incident technique was used. In the study, eighteen caregivers at a PICU participated by completing a semi-structured questionnaire. Additional, in-depth interviews with three nurses and two assistant nurses also constitute the data.Results: Four categories were identified that characterise the core of PICU: the dramatic admission, protests and refusal of treatment, escalating behaviours and temporarily coercive measure. Care activities for PICU were also analysed and identified as controlling - establishing boundaries, protecting - warding off, supporting - giving intensive assistance and structuring the environment.Conclusions: PICU were interpreted as a level of care as it is composed by limited structures and closeness in care.
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| 27. |
- Salzmann-Erikson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Intensive psychiatry : creating, preserving and restoring stability
- 2012
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Ingår i: European psychiatry. - : Elsevier. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 27:s1, s. 577-577
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. Psychiatric intensive care units (PICU) are rarely described since it is secluded from external insight. At the same time, it is highly intensive since staff and patients interact around the clock in the most acute phase of psychiatric illness. The PICUs admit patients who are considered extremely unmanageable within psychosis units or acute psychiatric wards, and who often demonstrate aggressive or other forms of severe behaviors.Objectives. This raises the question: What is going on in these units and what constitutes nursing care?Methods. Spradley's 12-step ethnographic methodology was applied. Data was collected through more than 200 hours of field work on three PICUs including 16 hours of formal interviewing and numerous of informal interviews; data also consisted of writing memos and field notes. The field work aimed to understand the staff member's way of interact with the patients and what they did to care for these patients who was considered as unmanageable.Results. The findings presented here describe how and when nursing care is provided in PICUs. The findings are presented in relation to themes, as these emerged within the psychiatric intensive nursing care. Six themes emerged as frames for nursing care: providing surveillance, soothing, being present, trading information, maintaining security and reducing.Conclusions. These themes are used to strike a balance between turbulence and stability and to achieve equilibrium. As the nursing care intervenes when turbulence emerges, the PICU becomes a sanctuary that offers tranquility, peace and rest.
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| 28. |
- Skalkidou, A., et al.
(författare)
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Risk of Postpartum Depression in Association with Serum Leptin Levels: A Nested Case-control Study within the Uppsat Cohort.
- 2009
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Ingår i: European psychiatry. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 24:S1, s. 1-1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although postpartum depression (PPD) is a common condition, it often goes undiagnosed and untreated, with devastating consequences for the woman's ability to perform daily activities, to bond with her infant and to relate to the infant's father. Leptin, a protein synthesised in the adipose tissue and involved in regulation of food intake and energy expenditure has been related to depressive disorders, but studies report conflicting results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between serum leptin levels at the time of delivery and the subsequent development of postpartum depression in women, using data from a population-based cohort of delivering women in Uppsala, Sweden. Three hundred and sixty five women from which serum was obtained at the time of delivery filled out at least one of three pre-coded questionnaires containing the Edinbourgh Scale for Postnatal Depression (EPDS) five days, six weeks and six months after delivery. Crude mean leptin levels did not significantly differ between cases of PPD and controls. Using linear regression analysis and adjusting for maternal age, body-mass index, smoking, interleukin-6 levels, duration of gestation, gender and birth weight of the newborn, the EPDS scores at five days, six weeks and six months after delivery were negatively correlated with leptin levels at delivery (p< 0.05). Serum leptin levels at delivery were found to be negatively correlated with self reported depression during the first six months after delivery.
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| 29. |
- Örmon, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of the Provided Care in a General Psychiatric Context After Disclosure of Abuse
- 2015
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Ingår i: European psychiatry. - : Elsevier. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 30:S1Abstracts of the 23rd European Congress of Psychiatry
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction Experiences of abuse during childhood and/or adulthood has an impact on women's mental health as well as generating frequent hospital admission. Experiences of abuse are common among female patients in general psychiatric care. Aims and Objectives The aim of the study is to elucidate how nine women with experiences of physical, emotional and/or sexual abuse experienced the care provided at a general psychiatric clinic after disclosure of abuse. Method Qualitative design with an inductive approach. Interviews with nine women who were recipients of general psychiatric care in an urban area in Sweden. The women had disclosed experiences of abuse to a member of staff. Qualitative inductive content analysis was used. Results The nine women reported being subjected to abuse during childhood and adulthood, only one of them reported only being abused as an adult. The overall theme emerging from the narratives, 'Dependency as a reality containing a duality of suffering and trust' describe the general psychiatric care as caring and noncaring. In a caring environment was the women acknowledged, listened to and treated with sensitivity. Experiences of noncaring were when the abuse was disregarded, the women were not believed in, offended or self-blamed for the abuse. A noncaring environment focused primarily on the diagnosis and the experienced abuse was seen as secondary. Conclusions Women who have experienced abuse experience the care provided as caring as well as noncaring. General psychiatric could be supportive as well as belittling depending on staff at the clinic.
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| 30. |
- Örmon, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Time Geographic Life Charting : a Computer Program for a Life-course Approach!
- 2015
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Ingår i: European psychiatry. - : Elsevier. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 30:S1
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction Life charting seems to be an increasing trend in psychiatric care, and the essential idea is that patients’ life histories are of primary interest for diagnosis, care and treatment and it can also be a helpful tool in the progress of communication. Objectives Patients with a history of suicide behavior were assessed as well as female patients with experiences of physical, emotional and/or sexual abuse in general psychiatric care, in urban areas in Sweden. Aims To create and to evaluate the life course of patients seeking general psychiatric care Method We used the Hägerstand (1985) Time Geography model, and constructed the life charts together with the patient using a computer program covering both time and geographical aspects. Manifest content analysis was used for analyzing the life charts. Results Stressful events as well as social capacities was identified across the life course and provided rich information regarding the lived lives of patients seeking general psychiatric care. The life charts have a therapeutic value due to its focus on both stressful events and capacities. The use of Time Geography life charting can also be a helpful tool in the progress of communication as well as an apparatus for identifying stressful and prosperous life periods. Conclusions A profound knowledge of the patients was illustrated and therefor preventive strategy can be formulated.
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